Method of determining acid stratification in rechargeable batteries
First Claim
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1. A method of determining a stratification of an electrolyte in rechargeable batteries comprising:
- determining a variation of at least one of a charging current and a charging voltage of the rechargeable battery occurring during charging of the rechargeable battery; and
detecting a stratification of the electrolyte from an increased charging current consumption in the rechargeable battery as compared to an identical rechargeable battery without stratification when there is a fixed charging voltage variation or a reduced charging voltage when there is a fixed charging current variation.
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Abstract
A method of determining a stratification of an electrolyte in an active mass of positive electrode plates in rechargeable batteries includes determining a variation of at least one of a charging current and a charging voltage of the rechargeable battery occurring during charging of the rechargeable battery; and detecting a stratification of the electrolyte from an increased charging current consumption in the rechargeable battery as compared to an identical rechargeable battery without stratification when there is a fixed charging voltage variation or a reduced charging voltage when there is a fixed charging current variation.
8 Citations
42 Claims
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1. A method of determining a stratification of an electrolyte in rechargeable batteries comprising:
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determining a variation of at least one of a charging current and a charging voltage of the rechargeable battery occurring during charging of the rechargeable battery; and detecting a stratification of the electrolyte from an increased charging current consumption in the rechargeable battery as compared to an identical rechargeable battery without stratification when there is a fixed charging voltage variation or a reduced charging voltage when there is a fixed charging current variation. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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2. A method of determining stratification of an electrolyte in rechargeable batteries comprising:
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determining at least one characteristic value from at least one of the variation of the charging voltage and the variation of the charging current under comparable boundary conditions for a rechargeable battery without stratification with even acid density distribution of the electrolyte; and comparing the at least one characteristic value with the same characteristic value from a second identical rechargeable battery established under comparable boundary conditions to determine the stratification of the second battery. - View Dependent Claims (3)
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4. A method of determining a stratification of an electrolyte in rechargeable batteries, comprising:
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determining a variation of at least one of a charging current and a charging voltage of the rechargeable battery occurring during charging of the rechargeable battery; detecting a stratification of the electrolyte from an increased charging current consumption in the rechargeable battery as compared to an identical rechargeable battery without stratification when there is a fixed charging voltage variation or a reduced charging voltage when there is a fixed charging current variation; determining at least one characteristic value from the variation of at least one of the charging voltage and the variation of the charging current under comparable boundary conditions for a rechargeable battery without stratification with even acid density distribution of the electrolyte; comparing the at least one characteristic value with at least one characteristic value established under comparable boundary conditions for identical rechargeable batteries, to determine the stratification; determining a first family of characteristics for the charging voltage occurring after a fixed time in dependence on the state of charge and the temperature of a rechargeable battery without stratification of the electrolyte by applying a fixed charging current to the rechargeable battery under predetermined states of charge and battery temperatures over the fixed time and recording the charging voltage occurring after expiration of the fixed time as a characteristic value in dependence on the state of charge and the battery temperature; and determining a stratification in the case of a rechargeable battery of the same type as the rechargeable battery by determining the state of charge and the battery temperature, applying the fixed charging current to the rechargeable battery over the fixed time, and comparing the charging voltage occurring after expiration of the fixed time with the characteristic value determined for a corresponding state of charge and a corresponding battery temperature from the first family of characteristics. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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5. A method of determining a stratification of an electrolyte in rechargeable batteries, comprising:
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determining a variation of at least one of a charging current and a charging voltage of the rechargeable battery occurring during charging of the rechargeable battery; detecting a stratification of the electrolyte from an increased charging current consumption in the rechargeable battery as compared to an identical rechargeable battery without stratification when there is a fixed charging voltage variation or a reduced charging voltage when there is a fixed charging current variation; determining at least one characteristic value from the variation of at least one of the charging voltage and the variation of the charging current under comparable boundary conditions for a rechargeable battery without stratification with even acid density distribution of the electrolyte; comparing the at least one characteristic value with at least one characteristic value established under comparable boundary conditions for identical rechargeable batteries, to determine the stratification; determining a first family of characteristics for the charging current occurring after a fixed time in dependence on the state of charge and the temperature of a rechargeable battery without stratification by applying a fixed charging voltage to the rechargeable battery under predetermined states of charge and battery temperatures over the fixed time and recording the charging current occurring after expiration of the fixed time in dependence on the state of charge and the battery temperature, and determining a stratification in the case of a rechargeable battery of the same type as the rechargeable battery by determining the state of charge and the battery temperature, applying the fixed charging voltage to the rechargeable battery over the fixed time and comparing the charging current after expiration of the fixed time with the characteristic value determined for a corresponding state of charge and a corresponding battery temperature from the family of characteristics. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 13)
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18. A charging device for rechargeable batteries comprising:
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a temperature sensor for measuring the battery temperature; and a charge controller for carrying out a method comprising; determining a variation of at least one of a charging current and a charging voltage occurring during charging of the rechargeable battery; and detecting a stratification of the electrolyte from an increased charging current consumption in the rechargeable battery as compared to an identical rechargeable battery without stratification when there is a fixed charging voltage variation or a reduced charging voltage when there is a fixed charging current variation. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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Specification