Method and apparatus for ambient light detection

• US 7,683,305 B2
• Filed: 09/27/2007
• Issued: 03/23/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/27/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Aptina Imaging Corporation (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Aptina Imaging Corporation (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Inventors: Hartmann, Michael, Solhusvik, Johannes, Willassen, Trygve, Dermott, Ross
• Primary Examiner(s): Epps; Georgia Y
• Assistant Examiner(s): BENNETT, JENNIFER D
• Application Number:
  US11/905,094
• Publication Number:
  US 20090084943A1
• Time in Patent Office: 908 Days
• Field of Search: 250/208.1, 250/214.AL, 250/205, 250/206, 348294-324, 348/208.12, 396/98, 382/274, 257/290, 257/291, 257431-433
• US Class Current: 250/208.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/02 Details
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0228 Control of working procedures; Failure detection; Spectral bandwidth calculation
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/4204 with determination of ambient light solar light G01J2001/4266
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/46 using a capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2360/144 the light being ambient light
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3406 Control of illumination source illumination devices structurally associated with liquid crystal cells G02F1/1336
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/651 for reducing power consumption by affecting camera operations, e.g. sleep mode, hibernation mode or power off of selective parts of the camera
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/40 Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled

Abstract

An imaging method and apparatus which use a pixel array for capturing images and for measuring ambient light conditions.

Claims

1. An imaging device, comprising:

a pixel array comprising a plurality of pixels, wherein the plurality of pixels each comprise a photosensor, a floating diffusion node, a transfer transistor for transferring charge from the photosensor to the floating diffusion node, and a reset transistor for resetting the floating diffusion node;

an ambient light detection circuit connected to the array and comprising;

a capacitor for storing charge generated by at least some pixels of the pixel array, and

a voltage control circuit for providing a first voltage on said capacitor prior to said charge storage, and for measuring the time for said voltage on said capacitor to rise from said first voltage to a second voltage in response to said stored charge generated by said at least some pixels; and

a timing and control circuit for turning on the reset transistor of at least some of the pixels to transfer charge from the floating diffusion nodes to the capacitor.

2. The imaging device of claim 1, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises:

a differential amplifier for outputting the difference between the first voltage and the voltage on the capacitor;

a comparator for determining when the output of the differential amplifier is equal to the second voltage;

a switch connected in parallel with the capacitor for resetting the charge on the capacitor to the first voltage when the switch is closed; and

a control logic unit for closing and then opening the switch when the output of the differential amplifier is equal to the second voltage and for measuring the amount of time it takes for the output of the differential amplifier to equal the second voltage after the switch is opened.

3. The imaging device of claim 2, wherein said control logic unit is configured to calculate an average amount of time it takes for the output of the differential amplifier to equal the second voltage over a plurality of cycles of the capacitor voltage rising from the first voltage to the second voltage.

4. The imaging device of claim 1, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises:

a comparator for determining when the voltage on the capacitor is equal to a second voltage;

a switch connected in series with the capacitor for resetting the charge on the capacitor to the first voltage when the switch is closed; and

a control logic unit for closing the switch when the voltage on the capacitor is equal to the second voltage and for measuring the amount of time it takes for the voltage on the capacitor to move from the first voltage to the second voltage.

5. The imaging device of claim 4, wherein said control logic unit is configured to calculate an average amount of time it takes for the voltage on the capacitor to move from the first voltage to the second voltage over a plurality of cycles of such movement.

6. The imaging device of claim 1, further comprising a switch circuit for supplying an operating voltage to the pixel array during an image capture mode and for supplying the first voltage to the pixel array to detect an amount of ambient light during a light detection mode, wherein the first voltage is different from the operating voltage.

7. The imaging device of claim 1, wherein the control logic unit is configured to output a signal that is representative of the amount of ambient light impinging on the pixel array.

8. The imaging device of claim 7, wherein the imaging device is part of an imaging system which further comprises a display unit having a light and a processing unit for controlling the brightness of the light according to the signal output by the control logic unit.

9. The imaging device of claim 1, wherein the capacitor stores charge generated by less than all pixels of the pixel array.

10. An imaging device comprising:

a pixel array comprising a plurality of pixels; and

an ambient light detection circuit connected to the array and, comprising;

an integration circuit for integrating charge produced by at least some pixels of the pixel array, the integration circuit comprising;

a capacitor for storing the charge produced by said at least some pixels, and

a switch connected in series with the capacitor for resetting the charge on the capacitor to a first voltage when the switch is closed; and

a detection circuit for determining an ambient light level based on charge integrated by said integration circuit.

11. The imaging device of claim 10

wherein the detection circuit comprises:

a comparator for determining when the output of the capacitor is equal to a second voltage, and

a control logic unit for closing and then opening the switch when the output of the capacitor is equal to the second voltage and for measuring the amount of time it takes for the output of the capacitor to equal the second voltage after the switch is opened.

12. The imaging device of claim 10, further comprising a switch circuit for supplying an operating voltage to the pixel array during an image capture mode and for supplying a first voltage to the pixel array to detect an amount of ambient light during a light detection mode, wherein the first voltage is different from the operating voltage.

13. A method of measuring an amount of ambient light impinging on a pixel array, comprising:

integrating voltage on a capacitor representing a collective current generated by at least some pixels of the pixel array;

measuring the time it takes the voltage on the capacitor to increase from a first voltage to a second voltage; and

using said measurement to determine an amount of ambient light impinging on said at least some pixels.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising supplying an operating voltage to said at least some pixels during an image capture mode and supplying the first voltage to said at least some pixels during an ambient light detection mode, wherein the first voltage is different from the operating voltage.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising resetting the charge on the capacitor to the first voltage when the voltage on the capacitor equals the second voltage.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising calculating an average time it takes the voltage on said capacitor to increase from the first operating voltage to the second voltage over a number of cycles in which the voltage on the capacitor increases from said first voltage to said second voltage.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the current generated by the pixel array comprises current generated by less than all pixels in the pixel array.

18. The method of claim 13, further comprising comparing the voltage on the capacitor to the second voltage using a comparator.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein each of said plurality of pixels comprises a photosensor, a floating diffusion node, a transfer transistor for transferring charge from the photosensor to the floating diffusion node, and a reset transistor for resetting the floating diffusion node, and wherein the method further comprises turning on the reset transistor and the transfer transistor to transfer charge generated by the photosensor to the capacitor.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein each of said plurality of pixels comprises a floating diffusion node, and a reset transistor for resetting the floating diffusion node, and wherein the method further comprises turning on the reset transistor to transfer charge generated by the floating diffusion node to the capacitor.

21. An imaging system comprising:

a lighted display unit for displaying information;

a control circuit for controlling the brightness of said lighted display unit using a signal representing the ambient light the imaging system is exposed to; and

an imaging device, comprising;

a pixel array containing a plurality of pixels, and

an ambient light detection circuit connected to the array for outputting the signal representing the ambient light, the ambient light detection circuit comprising;

a capacitor for storing charge commonly generated by at least some pixels of the pixel array, and

a voltage control circuit comprising,

a multiplexer for supplying an operating voltage to the pixel array during an image capture mode and for supplying a first voltage to the pixel array to detect an amount of ambient light during a light detection mode;

a differential amplifier for outputting the difference between the first voltage and the voltage on the capacitor;

a comparator for determining when the output of the differential amplifier is equal to a second voltage;

a switch connected in parallel with the capacitor for resetting the charge on the capacitor to the first voltage when the switch is closed; and

a control logic unit for closing the switch when the output of the differential amplifier is equal to the second voltage, for measuring an average amount of time it takes for the output of the differential amplifier to equal the second voltage, and for outputting the signal representing an amount of detected ambient light.

22. An imaging system comprising:

a lighted display unit for displaying information;

a control circuit for controlling the brightness of said lighted display unit using a signal representing the ambient light the imaging system is exposed to; and

an imaging device, comprising a pixel array containing a plurality of pixels and an ambient light detection circuit connected to the array for outputting the signal representing the ambient light, the ambient light detection circuit comprising;

a capacitor for storing charge commonly generated by at least some pixels of the pixel array, and

a voltage control circuit comprising,

a multiplexer for supplying an operating voltage to the pixel array during an image capture mode and for supplying a first voltage to the pixel array to detect an amount of ambient light during a light detection mode;

a comparator for determining when the voltage on the capacitor is equal to a second voltage;

a switch connected in series with the capacitor for resetting the charge on the capacitor to the first voltage when the switch is closed; and

a control logic unit for closing the switch when the voltage on the capacitor is equal to the second voltage, and for measuring an average amount of time it takes for the voltage on the capacitor to equal the second voltage, and for outputting the signal representing the ambient light.

23. An imaging device, comprising:

a pixel array comprising a plurality of pixels, wherein the plurality of pixels each comprise a photosensor, a floating diffusion node, a transfer transistor for transferring charge from the photosensor to the floating diffusion node, and a reset transistor for resetting the floating diffusion node;

an ambient light detection circuit connected to the array and comprising;

a storage device for storing charge generated by at least some pixels of the pixel array, and

a voltage control circuit for providing a first voltage on said storage device prior to said charge storage, and for measuring the time for said voltage on said storage device to rise from said first voltage to a second voltage in response to said stored charge generated by said at least some pixels; and

a timing and control circuit for turning on the reset transistor of at least some of the pixels to transfer charge from the floating diffusion nodes to the storage device.

24. The imaging device of claim 23, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises:

a differential amplifier for outputting the difference between the first voltage and the voltage on the storage device;

a comparator for determining when the output of the differential amplifier is equal to the second voltage;

a switch connected in parallel with the storage device for resetting the charge on the storage device to the first voltage when the switch is closed; and

a control logic unit for closing and then opening the switch when the output of the differential amplifier is equal to the second voltage and for measuring the amount of time it takes for the output of the differential amplifier to equal the second voltage after the switch is opened.

25. The imaging device of claim 24, wherein said control logic unit is configured to calculate an average amount of time it takes for the output of the differential amplifier to equal the second voltage over a plurality of cycles of the storage device voltage rising from the first voltage to the second voltage.

26. The imaging device of claim 23, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises:

a comparator for determining when the voltage on the storage device is equal to a second voltage;

a switch connected in series with the storage device for resetting the charge on the storage device to the first voltage when the switch is closed; and

a control logic unit for closing the switch when the voltage on the storage device is equal to the second voltage and for measuring the amount of time it takes for the voltage on the storage device to move from the first voltage to the second voltage.

27. The imaging device, of claim 26, wherein said control logic unit is configured to calculate an average amount of time it takes for the voltage on the storage device to move from the first voltage to the second voltage over a plurality of cycles of such movement.

28. The imaging device of claim 23, further comprising a switch circuit for supplying an operating voltage to the pixel array during an image capture mode and for supplying the first voltage to the pixel array to detect an amount of ambient light during a light detection mode, wherein the first voltage is different from the operating voltage.

29. The imaging device of claim 23, wherein the control logic unit is configured to output a signal that is representative of the amount of ambient light impinging on the pixel array.

30. The imaging device of claim 29, wherein the imaging device is part of an imaging system which further comprises a display unit having a light and a processing unit for controlling the brightness of the light according to the signal output by the control logic unit.

31. The imaging device of claim 23, wherein the storage device stores charge generated by less than all pixels of the pixel array.