Method and apparatus for controlling display refresh

• US 7,692,642 B2
• Filed: 12/30/2004
• Issued: 04/06/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Wyatt, David A.
• Primary Examiner(s): RICHER, JONI
• Application Number:
  US11/027,113
• Publication Number:
  US 20060146056A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,923 Days
• Field of Search: 345/501, 345211-214, 345/204, 345/99, 713/300, 713/320, 713/322, 713/501, 713/500
• US Class Current: 345/211
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2310/04 Partial updating of the display screen
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2330/021 Power management, e.g. power saving
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2340/0435 Change or adaptation of the frame rate of the video stream
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/006 Details of the interface to the display terminal specific for a display terminal using a CRT G09G1/167; using a flat panel G09G3/2096; circuits for interfacing with colour displays G09G5/04

Abstract

An approach for dynamic refresh rate control. For one aspect, a policy, such as a power, performance, quality or other policy, for example, is accessed. A refresh rate may then be dynamically selected in response to detected display content activity and policy preferences for displays that are regularly refreshed. Alternatively, if the display is one of a bi-stable, a self-refreshing display or another type of display that is refreshed irregularly, whether or not to refresh the display may be determined based on detected content activity.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

accessing a policy;

detecting display content activity;

if a display is regularly refreshed, dynamically selecting a refresh rate in response to the detected display content activity and a preference indicated by the policy, wherein a change to a higher refresh rate is indicated if the detected display content activity exceeds a first threshold and a change to a lower refresh rate is indicated if the detected display content activity drops below a second threshold, and

if the display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display, determining whether to refresh the display based on detected display content activity and a preference indicated by the policy;

determining a padding time;

generating a reprogramming interrupt within the padding time prior to a next vertical blank;

in response to the reprogramming interrupt, reprogramming mode timing registers to the selected refresh rate;

determining a number of transitions between each refresh state, a refresh state including a specific refresh rate and mode,

computing a weight associated with each refresh state based on a proportional time spent in the refresh state, and

if a rate of transitions between refresh states exceeds a third threshold value, delaying a transition from a refresh state associated with a highest weight until the state of transitions drops below a fourth threshold.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising detecting display content activity,

if the display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display,

if the detected display content activity exceeds a first threshold and a display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display, indicating that the display is to be refreshed, and

if the detected display content activity drops below a second threshold and the display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display, indicating that the display is not to be refreshed.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein detecting display content activity includes

comparing contents of at least some display scanlines of a first frame with contents of corresponding scanlines of a second frame.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein

comparing contents of at least some display scanlines of the first frame with contents of corresponding scanlines of the second frame includes

computing a hash of the at least some display scanlines of the first frame and corresponding scanlines of the second frame, and

comparing the hashes of the at least some display scanlines of the first frame with hashes of the coffesponding scanlines of the second frame.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein detecting display content activity further comprises

maintaining a count of a number of scanlines for which a difference is detected,

determining whether the count exceeds a third threshold,

indicating a novel frame if the count exceeds the third threshold, and

wherein determining whether the detected display content activity exceeds the first threshold includes determining a number of novel frames over a first time period.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising

if a change in refresh rate is indicated, co-ordinating the change in refresh rate to occur such at a time such that visually disturbing artifacts are substantially avoided.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein detecting display content activity includes

computing a hash of a first area of display contents for a first frame;

computing a hash of a corresponding area of display contents for a second frame; and

comparing the computed hashes to determine whether the amount of difference between the first and second frames is above a third threshold.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein detecting display content activity includes

indicating a novel frame if one of

a number of areas being rendered exceeds a third threshold,

a size of an area being rendered exceeds a fourth threshold, and

a number of rendering operations in an area exceeds a fifth threshold, and

determining that the display content activity exceeds the first threshold if a number of novel frames over a time interval exceeds the first threshold.

9. An apparatus comprising a processor and a memory controller, the apparatus comprising:

a display content activity detection module to detect display content activity, and a dynamic refresh rate control module to access a policy and to determine whether to dynamically adjust a refresh rate of a display based on detected display content activity and a preference indicated by the policy, wherein if the detected display content activity exceeds a first threshold, the dynamic refresh rate control module is to indicate a change to a higher refresh rate, and if the detected display content activity drops below a second threshold, the dynamic refresh rate control module is to indicate a change to a lower refresh rate, and wherein if a change in refresh rate is indicated, the dynamic refresh rate control module is further to determine a padding time;

generate a reprogramming interrupt within the padding time prior to a next vertical blank; and

in response to the reprogramming interrupt, reprogram mode timing registers to the selected refresh rate;

the dynamic refresh rate control module is further to determine a number of transitions between each refresh rate, compute a weight associated with each refresh rate based on a proportional time spent at the refresh rate, and if a rate of transitions between refresh rates exceeds a third threshold value, delay a transition from a refresh rate associated with a highest weight until the rate of transitions drops below a fourth threshold.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein

the display content activity detection module is to compare contents of at least some display scanlines of a first frame with contents of corresponding scanlines of a second frame.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein

comparing contents of at least some display scanlines of the first frame with contents of corresponding scanlines of the second frame includes

computing a hash of the at least some display scanlines of the first frame and corresponding scanlines of the second frame, and

comparing the hashes of the at least some display scanlines of the first frame with hashes of the coffesponding scanlines of the second frame.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the display content activity detection module is further to

maintain a count of a number of scanlines for which a difference is detected,

determine whether the count exceeds a third threshold,

indicate a novel frame if the count exceeds the third threshold, and

wherein determining whether the detected display content activity exceeds the first threshold includes determining a number of novel frames over a first time period.

13. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein

if a change in refresh rate is indicated, the dynamic refresh rate control module is further to co-ordinate the change in refresh rate to occur at a time such that visually disturbing artifacts are substantially avoided.

14. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the display content activity module is to

indicate a novel frame if one of

a number of areas being rendered exceeds a third threshold,

a size of an area being rendered exceeds a fourth threshold, and

a number of rendering operations in an area exceeds a fifth threshold, and

determine that the display content activity exceeds the first threshold if a number of novel frames over a time interval exceeds the first threshold.

15. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when accessed by a processor, causes the processor to

access a policy;

detect a display content activity;

if a display is regularly refreshed, dynamically select a refresh rate in response to detected display content activity and a preference indicated by the policy, and

if the display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display, determine whether to refresh the display based on detected display content activity and a preference indicated by the policy;

determine a padding time;

generate a reprogramming interrupt within the padding time prior to a next vertical blank; and

in response to the reprogramming interrupt, reprogram mode timing registers to the selected refresh rate,

determine a number of transitions between each refresh state, a refresh state including a specific refresh rate and mode,

compute a weight associated with each refresh state based on a proportional time spent in the refresh state, and

if a rate of transitions between refresh states exceeds a third threshold value, delay a transition from a refresh state associated with a highest weight until the state of transitions drops below a fourth threshold.

16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15 further storing instructions that, when accessed by a processor, causes the processor to

detect display content activity,

if the display is regularly refreshed,

if the detected display content activity exceeds a first threshold, indicate a change to a higher refresh rate, and

if the detected display content activity drops below a second threshold, indicate a change to a lower refresh rate.

17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15 further storing instructions that, when accessed by a processor, causes the processor to

detect display content activity,

if the display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display,

if the detected display content activity exceeds a first threshold and a display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display, indicate that the display is to be refreshed, and

if the detected display content activity drops below a second threshold and the display is one of a bi-stable and a self-refreshing display, indicate that the display is not to be refreshed.

18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 16 wherein detecting display content activity includes

comparing contents of at least some display scanlines of a first frame with contents of corresponding scanlines of a second frame.

19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 18 wherein

comparing contents of at least some display scanlines of the first frame with contents of corresponding scanlines of the second frame includes

computing a hash of the at least some display scanlines of the first frame and corresponding scanlines of the second frame, and

comparing the hashes of the at least some display scanlines of the first frame with hashes of the coffesponding scanlines of the second frame.

20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19 wherein detecting display content activity further comprises

maintaining a count of a number of scanlines for which a difference is detected,

determining whether the count exceeds a third threshold,

indicating a novel frame if the count exceeds the third threshold, and

wherein determining whether the detected display content activity exceeds the first threshold includes determining a number of novel frames over a first time period.