Cation-substituted spinel oxide and oxyfluoride cathodes for lithium ion batteries
First Claim
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1. A method of making an oxyfluoride composition comprising the steps of:
- firing a solid state mixture comprising lithium, manganese, and M to obtain a first composition having the formula LiMn2−
y−
zLiyMzO4;
mixing the first composition with a fluorine source to form a second mixture;
and heating the second mixture at a temperature within the range of about 200°
C. to about 700°
C. for 2 hours to 8 hours to form a cation-substituted, fluorine-substituted LiMn2−
y−
zLiyMzO4−
η
Fη
spinel oxide structure, wherein M is a metal, y is within the range of about 0 to about 0.3, z is within the range of about 0 to about 1.0, and wherein η
is greater than 0 and less than about 0.5, and wherein the fluorine source is a solid or liquid selected from the group consisting of NH4HF2, ammonium fluoride, or hydrogen fluoride.
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Abstract
The present invention includes compositions and methods of making cation-substituted and fluorine-substituted spinel cathode compositions by firing a LiMn2−y−zLiyMzO4 oxide with NH4HF2 at low temperatures of between about 300 and 700° C. for 2 to 8 hours and a η of more than 0 and less than about 0.50, mixed two-phase compositions consisting of a spinel cathode and a layered oxide cathode, and coupling them with unmodified or surface modified graphite anodes in lithium ion cells.
577 Citations
47 Claims
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1. A method of making an oxyfluoride composition comprising the steps of:
-
firing a solid state mixture comprising lithium, manganese, and M to obtain a first composition having the formula LiMn2−
y−
zLiyMzO4;mixing the first composition with a fluorine source to form a second mixture; and heating the second mixture at a temperature within the range of about 200°
C. to about 700°
C. for 2 hours to 8 hours to form a cation-substituted, fluorine-substituted LiMn2−
y−
zLiyMzO4−
η
Fη
spinel oxide structure, wherein M is a metal, y is within the range of about 0 to about 0.3, z is within the range of about 0 to about 1.0, and wherein η
is greater than 0 and less than about 0.5, and wherein the fluorine source is a solid or liquid selected from the group consisting of NH4HF2, ammonium fluoride, or hydrogen fluoride. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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Specification
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Current AssigneeBoard of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
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Original AssigneeBoard of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
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InventorsChoi, Wonchang, Manthiram, Arumugam
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Primary Examiner(s)Pyon; Harold Y
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Assistant Examiner(s)CHIANG, TIMOTHY S
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Application NumberUS11/861,252Publication NumberTime in Patent Office966 DaysField of Search252/500US Class Current429/231.95CPC Class CodesH01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i....H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed o...H01M 4/1391 of electrodes based on mixe...H01M 4/362 CompositesH01M 4/485 of mixed oxides or hydroxid...H01M 4/505 of mixed oxides or hydroxid...H01M 4/525 of mixed oxides or hydroxid...Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
