Biometric sensor

• US 7,735,729 B2
• Filed: 05/17/2006
• Issued: 06/15/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: HID Global Corporation (Assa Abloy AB)
• Original Assignee: Lumidigm Incorporated (Assa Abloy AB)
• Inventors: Rowe, Robert K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Le; Thien M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vo; Tuyen K
• Application Number:
  US11/383,901
• Publication Number:
  US 20060210120A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,490 Days
• Field of Search: 235/375, 235/380, 235/382, 235/440, 235/454, 235/492, 235/487, 382115-118, 382/124, 382/126
• US Class Current: 235/382
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1171 based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14558 by polarisation
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 28/06 responsive to incapacity of driver
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 25/252 Fingerprint recognition
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/22 Psychological state; Stress level or workload
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/221 Physiology, e.g. weight, heartbeat, health or special needs
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/24 Drug level, e.g. alcohol
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1324 by using geometrical optics, e.g. using prisms G06V40/1312 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1341 Sensing with light passing through the finger
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/14 Vascular patterns

Abstract

Methods and systems are provided for biometric sensing. An illumination subsystem provides light at discrete wavelengths to a skin site of an individual. A detection subsystem receives light scattered from the skin site. A computational unit is interfaced with the detection system. The computational unit has instructions for deriving a spatially distributed multispectral image from the received light at the discrete wavelengths. The computational unit also has instructions for comparing the derived multispectral image with a database of multispectral images to identify the individual.

Claims

1. A method of performing a biometric function, the method comprising:

providing illumination light having a plurality of wavelengths;

directing the illumination light to an illumination region of a biometric sensor to illuminate a skin site of an individual, wherein directing the illumination light is performed while the skin site and the illumination region are in relative motion to sequentially illuminate different portions of the skin site;

receiving light scattered from the different portions of the skin site;

forming an image of the skin site from the received light at the plurality of wavelengths, wherein the image of the skin site comprises an image of structure of tissue below a surface of the skin; and

comparing the image with images comprised by a database of images to perform the biometric function.

2. The method recited in claim 1 wherein:

the images comprised by the database of images are associated with respective identities; and

the biometric function comprises identifying the individual.

3. The method recited in claim 1 wherein:

the biometric sensor comprises a platen;

the illumination site is comprised by the platen; and

the skin site is not in contact with the platen.

4. The method recited in claim 1 wherein:

the biometric sensor comprises a platen;

the illumination site is comprised by the platen; and

the skin site is in contact with the platen.

5. The method recited in claim 1 wherein:

the biometric sensor comprises a platen;

the illumination site is comprised by the platen;

the platen is substantially stationary; and

the skin site is in motion.

6. The method recited in claim 5 wherein:

the platen comprises a roller; and

the skin site is rolled over the roller.

7. The method recited in claim 1 further comprising:

deriving spectral-distribution characteristics from the received light; and

determining a liveness state of the skin site from the derived spectral-distribution characteristics.

8. The method recited in claim 1 further comprising:

deriving spectral-distribution characteristics from the received light; and

determining a demographic and/or anthropometric characteristic of the individual from the derived spectral-distribution characteristics.

9. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the skin site comprises a volar surface of a fingertip or hand.

10. The method recited in claim 9 wherein the image comprises a fingerprint of the volar surface.

11. The method recited in claim 1 wherein:

directing the illumination light to the illumination region comprises polarizing the illumination light with a first polarization; and

receiving light scattered from the different portions of the skin site comprises polarizing the received light with a second polarization.

12. The method recited in claim 11 wherein the first and second polarizations are substantially crossed relative to each other.

13. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the image comprises a multispectral image.

14. A biometric sensor comprising:

an illumination subsystem configured to provide illumination light having a plurality of wavelengths;

an optical subsystem configured to direct the illumination light to an illumination region of the biometric sensor;

a detection subsystem disposed to receive light from the illumination region; and

a computational unit interfaced with the illumination subsystem and with the detection subsystem and having;

instructions to sequentially illuminate different portions of a skin site of an individual with the illumination light at the illumination site while the skin site and the illumination region are in relative motion;

instructions to receive light scattered from the different portions of the skin site;

instructions to form an image of the skin site from the received light at the plurality of wavelengths, wherein the image of the skin site comprises an image of structure of tissue below a surface of the skin; and

instructions to compare the image with images comprised by a database of images to perform a biometric function.

15. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 wherein:

the images comprised by the database of images are associated with respective identities; and

the biometric function comprises identifying the individual.

16. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 further comprising a platen, wherein:

the illumination site is comprised by the platen; and

the instructions to sequentially illuminate different portions of the skin site and the instructions to receive light scattered from different portions of the skin site accommodate the skin site not being in contact with the platen.

17. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 further comprising a platen, wherein:

the illumination site is comprised by the platen;

the platen is disposed to contact the skin site; and

the instructions to sequentially illuminate different portions of the skin site and the instructions to receive light scattered from different portions of the skin site accommodate the skin site being in contact with the platen.

18. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 further comprising a platen, wherein:

the illumination site is comprised by the platen;

the platen is substantially stationary; and

the instructions to sequentially illuminate different portions of the skin site and the instructions to receive light scattered from different portions of the skin site accommodate the skin site being in motion.

19. The biometric sensor recited in claim 18 wherein:

the platen comprises a roller system over which the skin site may be rolled; and

the instructions to sequentially illuminate different portions of the skin site and the instructions to receive light scattered from different portions of the skin site accommodate the skin site being rolled over the roller system.

20. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 wherein the computational unit further has:

instructions to derive spectral-distribution characteristics from the received light; and

instructions to determine a liveness state of the skin site from the derived spectral-distribution characteristics.

21. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 wherein the computational unit further has:

instructions to derive spectral-distribution characteristics from the received light; and

instructions to determine a demographic and/or anthropometric characteristic of the individual from the derived spectral-distribution characteristics.

22. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 wherein the optical subsystem comprises a first polarizer disposed to encounter the illumination light;

and

the detection subsystem comprises a second polarizer disposed to encounter the received light.

23. The biometric sensor recited in claim 22 wherein the first and second polarizers are substantially crossed relative to each other.

24. The biometric sensor recited in claim 14 wherein the image comprises a multispectral image.