Display mirror assembly suitable for use in a vehicle

• US 7,771,061 B2
• Filed: 04/01/2008
• Issued: 08/10/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Donnelly Corporation (Magna International Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Donnelly Corporation (Magna International Incorporated)
• Inventors: Habibi, Hamid, Varaprasad, Desaraju V., McCabe, Ian A., Dornan, Craig A., Zhao, Mingtang, Lynam, Niall R.
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, THONG Q
• Application Number:
  US12/060,678
• Publication Number:
  US 20080180781A1
• Time in Patent Office: 861 Days
• Field of Search: 359265-280, 359601-614, 359/838
• US Class Current: 359/604
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/06 comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10036 comprising two outer glass sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10293 Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10513 Electrochromic layer
• CPC Class Codes: B60J 3/04 adjustable in transparency
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 1/2665 on rear-view mirrors lighting devices for vehicle interior on or for rear-view mirrors B60Q3/258
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/04 mounted inside vehicle B60R1/025, B60R1/08 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/082 using a single wide field mirror or an association of rigidly connected mirrors
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/088 using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/12 Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 1/1207 with lamps; with turn indicators
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2001/1215 with information displays
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1516 comprising organic material
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1524 Transition metal compounds
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1525 characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte

Abstract

A display mirror assembly includes a reflective mirror element having a semitransparent mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting substrate. Visible light transmission through the reflective mirror element is at least 3 percent and visible light reflectance by the reflective mirror element is at least 40 percent for visible light incident upon the front side of the reflective mirror element. The reflective mirror element does not exhibit substantial spectral selectivity in its reflectance of visible light incident upon its front side. A display device is disposed to the rear of the reflective mirror element and configured so that light emitted by the display device passes through the semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front. When electrically powered, a display luminance of at least about 60 foot lamberts as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, the reflective element is achieved.

Claims

1. A display mirror assembly suitable for use in a vehicle, said assembly comprising:

a prismatic reflective mirror element having a front side and a rear side, and wherein said prismatic reflective mirror element comprises a vehicular interior rearview reflective mirror element;

said prismatic reflective mirror element comprising a semitransparent mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting glass substrate;

wherein visible light transmission through said prismatic reflective mirror element is greater than about 3 percent visible light transmission and less than about 30 percent visible light transmission;

wherein visible light reflectance by said prismatic reflective mirror element is at least 40 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element;

wherein said prismatic reflective mirror element does not exhibit substantial spectral selectivity in its reflectance of visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element;

said semitransparent mirror reflector comprising a metal thin film layer;

a display device;

said display device disposed to the rear of the rear side of a sub-region of said prismatic reflective mirror element and configured so that light emitted by said display device passes through said metal thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front of said prismatic reflective mirror element so as to be viewable by a driver of a vehicle equipped with said display mirror assembly, said metal thin film layer being present and uninterrupted at said sub-region of said substrate where said display device is disposed therebehind; and

wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered and when operated in the equipped vehicle during day time driving conditions, a display luminance of at least about 60 foot lamberts to the driver of the equipped vehicle who is viewing said reflective mirror element, as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said uninterrupted metal thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector of said prismatic reflective mirror element.

2. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, palladium, platinum, titanium, chromium, silver, nickel and iron.

3. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises silver.

4. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein visible light reflectance by said prismatic reflective mirror element is in the range from 40 percent visible light reflectance to about 70 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element.

5. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein visible light transmission through said prismatic reflective mirror element is in the range from about 3 percent visible light transmission to about 20 percent visible light transmission.

6. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein visible light transmission through said prismatic reflective mirror element is at least about 15 percent visible light transmission.

7. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein, when not emitting light, the disposition of said display device to the rear of said prismatic reflective mirror element is not substantially distinguishable to the driver of the equipped vehicle.

8. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said metal thin film layer is formed by sputtering in a vacuum deposition process.

9. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said metal thin film layer is overcoated with an overcoating layer.

10. The display mirror assembly of claim 9, wherein said overcoating layer comprises another metal thin film layer of visible light reflectivity higher than that of said metal thin film layer.

11. The display mirror assembly of claim 10, wherein said overcoating layer comprises a transparent conductive metal oxide layer.

12. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said metal thin film layer is undercoated with an undercoating layer.

13. The display mirror assembly of claim 12, wherein said undercoating layer comprises a transparent conductive metal oxide layer.

14. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein to the rear of said light-transmitting substrate is rendered light absorbing by a light absorbing element at least adjacent to where, and except at where, said display device is disposed therebehind.

15. The display mirror assembly of claim 14, wherein said light absorbing element comprises at least one of a light absorbing coating, tape, paint, lacquer, ink, adhesive, plastic and film disposed on the reflector-coated rear of said light-transmitting substrate.

16. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

17. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal-based alloy.

18. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said display device comprises at least one light emitting diode.

19. The display mirror assembly of claim 1, wherein said metal thin film layer has a layer thickness in the range from about 200 angstroms to about 750 angstroms.

20. A display mirror assembly suitable for use in a vehicle, said assembly comprising:

a reflective mirror element having a front side and a rear side, and wherein said reflective mirror element comprises a vehicular interior rearview reflective mirror element;

said reflective mirror element comprising a semitransparent mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting glass substrate;

wherein visible light transmission through said reflective mirror element is greater than about 3 percent visible light transmission and less than about 30 percent visible light transmission;

wherein visible light reflectance by said reflective mirror element is at least 40 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said reflective mirror element;

wherein said reflective mirror element does not exhibit substantial spectral selectivity in its reflectance of visible light incident upon the front side of said reflective mirror element;

said semitransparent mirror reflector comprising a metal thin film layer;

a display device;

wherein said display device comprises at least one light emitting diode;

said display device disposed to the rear of the rear side of a sub-region of said reflective mirror element and configured so that light emitted by said display device passes through said metal thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front of said reflective mirror element so as to be viewable by a driver of a vehicle equipped with said display mirror assembly, said metal thin film layer being present and uninterrupted at said sub-region of said substrate where said display device is disposed therebehind;

wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered and when operated in the equipped vehicle during day time driving conditions, a display luminance of at least about 60 foot lamberts to the driver of the equipped vehicle who is viewing said reflective mirror element, as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said uninterrupted metal thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector of said reflective mirror element; and

wherein, when not operated to emit light, the disposition of said display device to the rear of said uninterrupted metal thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector of said reflective mirror element is not substantially distinguishable to the driver of the equipped vehicle when viewing said reflective mirror element.

21. The display mirror assembly of claim 20, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, palladium, platinum, titanium, chromium, silver, nickel and iron.

22. The display mirror assembly of claim 20, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises at least one of silver and aluminum.

23. The display mirror assembly of claim 20, wherein said reflective mirror element comprises a prismatic reflective mirror element.

24. The display mirror assembly of claim 23, wherein visible light reflectance by said prismatic reflective mirror element is in the range from 40 percent visible light reflectance to about 70 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element.

25. The display mirror assembly of claim 23, wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered, a display luminance of at least about 80 foot lamberts as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said prismatic reflective mirror element.

26. The display mirror assembly of claim 20, wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

27. The display mirror assembly of claim 26, wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered, a display luminance of about 80 foot lamberts as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said reflective mirror element.

28. The display mirror assembly of claim 20, wherein to the rear of said light-transmitting substrate is rendered light absorbing by a light absorbing element at least adjacent to where, and except at where, said display device is disposed therebehind.

29. The display mirror assembly of claim 28, wherein said light absorbing element comprises at least one of a light absorbing coating, tape, paint, lacquer, ink, adhesive, plastic and film disposed on the reflector-coated rear of said light-transmitting substrate.

30. The display mirror assembly of claim 29, wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

31. The display mirror assembly of claim 20, wherein said metal thin film layer has a layer thickness of at least about 200 angstroms.

32. The display mirror assembly of claim 20, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal-based alloy.

33. A display mirror assembly suitable for use in a vehicle, said assembly comprising:

a reflective mirror element having a front side and a rear side, and wherein said reflective mirror element comprises a vehicular interior rearview reflective mirror element;

said reflective mirror element comprising a semitransparent mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting glass substrate;

wherein visible light transmission through said reflective mirror element is greater than about 15 percent visible light transmission and less than about 30 percent visible light transmission;

wherein visible light reflectance by said reflective mirror element is at least 40 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said reflective mirror element;

wherein said reflective mirror element does not exhibit substantial spectral selectivity in its reflectance of visible light incident upon the front side of said reflective mirror element;

said semitransparent mirror reflector comprising a metal thin film layer;

a display device;

wherein said display device comprises at least one light emitting diode;

said display device disposed to the rear of the rear side of a sub-region of said reflective mirror element and configured so that light emitted by said display device passes through said metal thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front of said reflective mirror element so as to be viewable by a driver of a vehicle equipped with said display mirror assembly, said metal thin film layer being present and uninterrupted at said sub-region of said substrate where said display device is disposed therebehind; and

wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered and when operated in the equipped vehicle during day time driving conditions, a display luminance of at least about 80 foot lamberts to the driver of the equipped vehicle who is viewing said reflective mirror element, as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said uninterrupted metal thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector of said reflective mirror element.

34. The display mirror assembly of claim 33, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, palladium, platinum, titanium, chromium, silver, nickel and iron.

35. The display mirror assembly of claim 33, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises silver.

36. The display mirror assembly of claim 33, wherein, when not emitting light, the disposition of said display device to the rear of said reflective mirror element is not substantially distinguishable to the driver of the equipped vehicle.

37. The display mirror assembly of claim 33, wherein to the rear of said light-transmitting substrate is rendered light absorbing by a light absorbing element at least adjacent to where, and except at where, said display device is disposed therebehind.

38. The display mirror assembly of claim 37, wherein said light absorbing element comprises at least one of a light absorbing coating, tape, paint, lacquer, ink, adhesive, plastic and film disposed on the reflector-coated rear of said light-transmitting substrate.

39. The display mirror assembly of claim 33, wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

40. The display mirror assembly of claim 33, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal-based alloy.

41. A display mirror assembly suitable for use in a vehicle, said assembly comprising:

an interior rearview prismatic reflective mirror element having a front side and a rear side;

said prismatic reflective mirror element comprising a semitransparent mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting glass substrate, and wherein said semitransparent mirror reflector comprises an elemental semiconductor thin film layer;

wherein visible light transmission through said prismatic reflective mirror element is greater than about 3 percent visible light transmission and less than about 30 percent visible light transmission;

wherein visible light reflectance by said prismatic reflective mirror element is at least about 40 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element;

wherein said prismatic reflective mirror element does not exhibit substantial spectral selectivity in its reflectance of visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element;

a display device;

said display device disposed to the rear of the rear side of a sub-region of said prismatic reflective mirror element and configured so that light emitted by said display device passes through said elemental semiconductor thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front of said prismatic reflective mirror element so as to be viewable by a driver of a vehicle equipped with said display mirror assembly, said elemental semiconductor thin film layer being present and uninterrupted at said sub-region of said substrate where said display device is disposed therebehind; and

wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered and when operated in the equipped vehicle during day time driving conditions, a display luminance of at least about 60 foot lamberts to the driver of the equipped vehicle who is viewing said reflective mirror element, as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said uninterrupted elemental semiconductor thin film layer of said semitransparent mirror reflector of said prismatic reflective mirror element.

42. The display mirror assembly of claim 41, wherein said elemental semiconductor thin film layer comprises silicon.

43. The display mirror assembly of claim 42, wherein, when not emitting light, the disposition of said display device to the rear of said prismatic reflective mirror element is not substantially distinguishable to the driver of the equipped vehicle.

44. The display mirror assembly of claim 41, wherein visible light transmission through said prismatic reflective mirror element is in the range from about 3 percent visible light transmission to about 20 percent visible light transmission.

45. The display mirror assembly of claim 44, wherein said elemental semiconductor thin film layer has a layer thickness in the range from about 200 angstroms to about 1,500 angstroms.

46. The display mirror assembly of claim 45, wherein said elemental semiconductor thin film layer comprises silicon.

47. The display mirror assembly of claim 41, wherein said semitransparent mirror reflector comprises a multilayer thin film stack comprising said elemental semiconductor thin film layer and at least one other thin film layer.

48. The display mirror assembly of claim 47, wherein said elemental semiconductor thin film layer comprises silicon.

49. The display mirror assembly of claim 48, wherein said at least one other thin film layer comprises at least one metal thin film layer.

50. The display mirror assembly of claim 49, wherein said at least one metal thin film layer comprises at least on of silver and aluminum.

51. The display mirror assembly of claim 49, wherein said at least one metal thin film layer comprises an alloy.

52. The display mirror assembly of claim 41, wherein to the rear of said light-transmitting substrate is rendered light absorbing by a light absorbing element at least adjacent to where, and except at where, said display device is disposed therebehind.

53. The display mirror assembly of claim 52, wherein said light absorbing element comprises at least one of a light absorbing coating, tape, paint, lacquer, ink, adhesive, plastic and film disposed on the reflector-coated rear of said light-transmitting substrate.

54. The display mirror assembly of claim 41, wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

55. The display mirror assembly of claim 41, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal-based alloy.

56. A display mirror assembly suitable for use in a vehicle, said assembly comprising:

a prismatic reflective mirror element having a front side and a rear side, and wherein said prismatic reflective mirror element comprises a vehicular interior rearview reflective mirror element;

said prismatic reflective mirror element comprising a semitransparent mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting glass substrate;

wherein visible light transmission through said prismatic reflective mirror element is greater than about 15 percent visible light transmission and less than about 30 percent visible light transmission;

wherein visible light reflectance by said prismatic reflective mirror element is at least 40 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element;

wherein said prismatic reflective mirror element does not exhibit substantial spectral selectivity in its reflectance of visible light incident upon the front side of said prismatic reflective mirror element;

a display device;

said display device disposed to the rear of the rear side of a sub-region of said prismatic reflective mirror element and configured so that light emitted by said display device passes through said semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front of said prismatic reflective mirror element so as to be viewable by a driver of a vehicle equipped with said display mirror assembly, said semitransparent mirror reflector being present and uninterrupted at said sub-region of said substrate where said display device is disposed therebehind;

wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered and when operated in the equipped vehicle during day time driving conditions, a display luminance of at least about 60 foot lamberts to the driver of the equipped vehicle who is viewing said reflective mirror element, as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said uninterrupted semitransparent mirror reflector of said prismatic reflective mirror element; and

wherein to the rear of said light-transmitting substrate is rendered light absorbing by a light absorbing element at least adjacent to said sub-region of said substrate where, and except at where, said display device is disposed therebehind.

57. The display mirror assembly of claim 56, wherein said light absorbing element comprises at least one of a light absorbing coating, tape, paint, lacquer, ink, adhesive, plastic and film disposed on the reflector-coated rear of said light-transmitting substrate.

58. The display mirror assembly of claim 56, wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

59. The display mirror assembly of claim 56, wherein said semitransparent mirror reflector comprises as a metal thin film layer and wherein said metal thin film layer has a layer thickness less than about 750 angstroms.

60. The display mirror assembly of claim 59, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal-based alloy.

61. The display mirror assembly of claim 60, wherein said metal thin film layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, palladium, platinum, titanium, chromium, silver, nickel and iron.

62. The display mirror assembly of claim 61, wherein said metal thin film layer has a layer thickness of at least about 200 angstroms.

63. The display mirror assembly of claim 62, wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

64. The display mirror assembly of claim 63, wherein said display device comprises at least one light emitting diode.

65. A display mirror assembly suitable for use in a vehicle, said assembly comprising:

a reflective mirror element having a front side and a rear side, and wherein said reflective mirror element comprises a vehicular interior rearview reflective mirror element;

said reflective mirror element comprising a semitransparent mirror reflector coated onto a light-transmitting glass substrate;

wherein visible light transmission through said reflective mirror element is greater than about 15 percent visible light transmission and less than about 30 percent visible light transmission;

wherein visible light reflectance by said reflective mirror element is at least 55 percent visible light reflectance for visible light incident upon the front side of said reflective mirror element;

wherein said reflective mirror element does not exhibit substantial spectral selectivity in its reflectance of visible light incident upon the front side of reflective mirror element;

a display device;

said display device disposed to the rear of the rear side of a sub-region of said reflective mirror element and configured so that light emitted by said display device passes through said semitransparent mirror reflector to be viewed by a viewer viewing from the front of said reflective mirror element so as to be viewable by a driver of a vehicle equipped with said display mirror assembly, said semitransparent mirror reflector being present and uninterrupted at said sub-region of said substrate where said display device is disposed therebehind;

wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered and when operated in the equipped vehicle during day time driving conditions, a display luminance of at least about 60 foot lamberts to the driver of the equipped vehicle who is viewing said reflective mirror element, as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said uninterrupted semitransparent mirror reflector of said reflective mirror element;

wherein to the rear of said light-transmitting substrate is rendered light absorbing by a light absorbing element at least adjacent to said sub-region of said substrate where, and except at where, said display device is disposed therebehind; and

wherein said mirror assembly includes a control that reduces the luminance of said display device during night time driving conditions to less than about 20 percent of the luminance of said display device during day time driving conditions.

66. The display mirror assembly of claim 65, wherein said reflective mirror element comprises a prismatic reflective mirror element and wherein said prismatic reflective mirror element comprises a vehicular interior rearview reflective mirror element.

67. The display mirror assembly of claim 66, wherein said display device comprises at least one light emitting diode and wherein to the rear of said light-transmitting substrate is rendered light absorbing by a light absorbing element at least adjacent to where, and except at where, said display device is disposed therebehind.

68. The display mirror assembly of claim 67, wherein said light absorbing element comprises at least one of a light absorbing coating, tape, paint, lacquer, ink, adhesive, plastic and film disposed on the reflector-coated rear of said light-transmitting substrate.

69. The display mirror assembly of claim 67, wherein said display device is operable to exhibit, when electrically powered, a display luminance of at least about 80 foot lamberts as measured with said display device placed behind, and emitting light through, said reflective mirror element.

70. The display mirror assembly of claim 65, wherein said reflective mirror element comprises a rear substrate of a laminate electrochromic mirror cell, said laminate electrochromic mirror cell comprising an electrochromic medium disposed in a cavity between a front substrate and said reflective mirror element.

71. The display mirror assembly of claim 70, wherein said electrochromic medium disposed in said cavity between said front substrate and said reflective mirror element contacts said semitransparent mirror reflector.

72. The display mirror assembly of claim 71, wherein said electrochromic medium comprises a solid-phase medium at least partially formed in situ in said cavity by a polymerization reaction.