Manufacturing process, such as three-dimensional printing, including solvent vapor filming and the like
First Claim
1. A method of fabricating an article of manufacture, the method comprising:
- a. forming at least one particle mixture by mixing particles of an organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material and particles of a water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material;
b. manufacturing an article by causing particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material in the particle mixture to bind to other particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material to form a water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble structure that also binds particles of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material;
c. forming a film of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material by causing particles of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material to soften and at least partially flow to form a film adjacent to surfaces of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material; and
d. providing conditions such that the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material hardens.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Methods of manufacturing an article use three-dimensional printing for a portion of the manufacturing. Three-dimensionally printing is conducted onto a powder bed which contains both organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble particles and water soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble particles. The water-soluble particles which may be selected for properties such as size and may include more than one substance. The organic-solvent-insoluble particles may further include at least one substantially insoluble substance such as a member of the calcium phosphate family. Printing may be done using an aqueous binder liquid. After removal of unbound powder, the preform may be exposed to the vapor of an organic solvent which causes the particles of organic-soluble-polymer to fuse to each other. This may further be followed by dissolving out the water-soluble particles, if such particles were present in the powder. Solvent vapor fusing together with the use of porogen particles may also be used in manufacturing methods other than 3DP. Rather than using organic solvent, heat responsive particles can be used, and can be filmed by elevated temperatures. Articles that may be produced by the described methods exhibit features such as a high porosity and an ability to undergo large deformations without breaking, and by at least partial springback from such deformation. The springback may be substantially instantaneous or may be time-dependent involving a time period of at least several seconds.
264 Citations
49 Claims
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1. A method of fabricating an article of manufacture, the method comprising:
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a. forming at least one particle mixture by mixing particles of an organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material and particles of a water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material; b. manufacturing an article by causing particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material in the particle mixture to bind to other particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material to form a water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble structure that also binds particles of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material; c. forming a film of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material by causing particles of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material to soften and at least partially flow to form a film adjacent to surfaces of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material; and d. providing conditions such that the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material hardens. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 49)
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31. A method of fabricating an article of manufacture, comprising the steps of:
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a. depositing a layer of particles comprising a particle mixture of particles of an organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material and particles of a water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material; b. depositing onto the layer of particles in selected places an aqueous liquid suitable to cause particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material to bind to other particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material, thereby causing particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material to bind to other particles of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material to form a water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble structure that also binds particles of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material; c. repeating the above steps a and b to create a shape; d. removing unbound particles; e. forming a film of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material by causing particles of the organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material to soften and at least partially flow to form a film adjacent to surfaces of the water-soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble material; and f. providing conditions such that the film of organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble material hardens. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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40. A method of fabricating an article of manufacture, the method comprising:
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a. forming at least one particle mixture by mixing particles of water-insoluble material having a relatively low softening temperature and particles of a water-soluble material having a relatively higher softening temperature; b. manufacturing an article by causing particles of the water-soluble material in the particle mixture to adhere to other particles of the water-soluble material to form a water-soluble structure that also holds particles of the water-insoluble material; c. forming a film of the water-insoluble material by heating the water-soluble structure to a temperature sufficient to causing particles of the water-insoluble material to soften and at least partially flow to form a film adjacent to surfaces of the water-soluble material, at a temperature below that which would cause particles of the water-soluble material to soften and flow; and d. providing conditions such that the water-insoluble material hardens. - View Dependent Claims (41)
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42. A method of fabricating an article of manufacture, the method comprising:
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a. forming at least one particle mixture by mixing particles of first material that is responsive to a first condition by binding with adjacent particles of the first material and not responsive to a second condition, and particles of a second material that is responsive to the second condition by filming with adjacent particles of the second material and not responsive to the first condition; b. manufacturing an article by establishing the first condition, thereby causing particles of the first material in the particle mixture to bind to other particles of the first material to form a structure that is responsive to the first condition and that also binds particles of the second material; c. establishing the second condition, thereby forming a film of the second material by causing particles of the second material to soften and at least partially flow to form a film adjacent to surfaces of the particles of the first material, while particles of the first material remain bound to each other; and d. providing conditions such that the film formed from particles of the second material hardens. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48)
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Specification