System and method for estimating positioning error within a WLAN-based positioning system

• US 7,856,234 B2
• Filed: 01/22/2007
• Issued: 12/21/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 11/07/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Skyhook Wireless Incorporated (Liberty Broadband Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Skyhook Wireless Incorporated (Liberty Broadband Corp.)
• Inventors: Alizadeh-Shabdiz, Farshid, Morgan, Edward J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cho; Un C
• Application Number:
  US11/625,450
• Publication Number:
  US 20080108371A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,429 Days
• Field of Search: 455/456.1, 455/456.5, 455/456.6, 455/41.2, 455/404.2, 455/407, 455/408, 342/385, 342/420, 370/328, 370/338
• US Class Current: 455/456.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 11/02 using radio waves G01S19/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/021 Calibration, monitoring or correction G01S5/0252 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0244 Accuracy or reliability of position solution or of measurements contributing thereto
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/02 Arrangements for optimising operational condition
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/003 locating network equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/12 WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/08 Access point devices

Abstract

The invention features a method of estimating an expected error of a position estimate for use in a WLAN positioning system that estimates the position of a WLAN-enabled device. The WLAN-enabled device receives signals transmitted by a WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device. The method estimates the position of the WLAN-enabled device based on the received signals from the WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device. The method also estimates an expected error of the position estimate based on characteristics of the WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device, wherein the expected error predicts a relative accuracy of the position estimate.

Claims

1. In a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) positioning system for estimating the position of a WLAN-enabled device, a method of estimating an expected error of a position estimate, a method comprising:

the WLAN-enabled device receiving signals transmitted by at least one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device;

estimating the position of the WLAN-enabled device based on the received signals from the at least one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device; and

estimating an expected error, in terms of distance, of the position estimate based on characteristics of the at least one WLAN access point used for estimating the position of the WLAN-enabled device, wherein the expected error predicts a relative accuracy of the position estimate in terms of distance.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the position of the WLAN-enabled device is based on signals from more than one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the expected error of the position estimate is based on characteristics from more than one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the at least one WLAN access points has an associated signal coverage area, and wherein estimating the expected error of the position estimate is based on at least one of the signal coverage areas of the at least one WLAN access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein estimating the expected error of the position estimate is based on a smallest signal coverage area of the WLAN access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the expected error of the position estimate is directly proportional to the smallest signal coverage area of the WLAN access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the coverage area for each WLAN access point is estimated by the method comprising:

determining geographic locations at which a WLAN-enabled device receives a signal from the WLAN access point;

determining a standard deviation of the coverage area based on the determined geographic locations; and

estimating the coverage area of the WLAN access point based on the standard deviation of the coverage area.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the at least one WLAN access points has a geographic position, and wherein estimating the expected error of the position estimate is based on a spatial spread of the geographic positions of the access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device, the spatial spread being based on a distance between the geographic positions of the WLAN access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the expected error of the position estimate is directly proportional to the square of the standard deviation of the spatial spread of the geographic positions of the access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the WLAN-enabled device estimates the expected error of the position estimate.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein a server system estimates the expected error of the position estimate.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the position estimate is used in conjunction with other position estimates to derive at least one of position, speed, and direction of travel of the WLAN-enabled device and a weight given to the position estimate is based on the expected error of the position estimate.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the position estimate is used only if the expected error of the position estimate is lower than a predetermined threshold.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein at least one of the other position estimates is based on received signals from WLAN access points in range of the WLAN enabled device.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein at least one of the other position estimates is provided by a GPS-based positioning system.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the expected error of the position estimate is based on a weighted average of a first expected error value estimated based on the number of access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN enabled device, a second expected error value estimated based on a smallest signal coverage area of the WLAN access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device, and a third expected error value estimated based on a spatial spread of the geographic positions of the access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device, the spatial spread being based on a distance between the geographic positions of the WLAN access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first, second, and third expected error values are weighted according to corresponding correlation coefficients, each correlation coefficient measuring the accuracy with which its corresponding expected error value predicts the actual error.

18. In a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) positioning system for estimating the position of a WLAN-enabled device, a system for estimating an expected error of a position estimate, the system for estimating the expected error comprising:

a WLAN-enabled device for receiving signals transmitted by at least one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device;

position estimating logic for estimating the position of the WLAN-enabled device based on the received signals from the at least one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device; and

error estimating logic for estimating an expected error, in terms of distance, of the position estimate based on characteristics of the at least one WLAN access point used for estimating the position of the WLAN-enabled device, wherein the expected error predicts a relative accuracy of the position estimate in terms of distance.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the position estimating logic is executed on the WLAN-enabled device.

20. The system of claim 18, wherein the position estimating logic is executed on a server system.

21. In a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) positioning system for estimating the position of a WLAN-enabled device, a method of estimating an expected error of a position estimate, a method comprising:

the WLAN-enabled device receiving signals transmitted by at least one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN-enabled device;

estimating the position of the WLAN-enabled device based on the received signals from the at least one WLAN access point in range of the WLAN enabled device; and

estimating an expected error, in terms of distance, of the position estimate based on the number of access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN-enabled device, wherein the expected error predicts a relative accuracy of the position estimate in terms of distance.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the expected error of the position estimate is inversely proportional to the square root of the number of access points used to estimate the position of the WLAN enabled device.