System and method for future-proofing devices using metaschema

• US 7,882,149 B2
• Filed: 11/29/2005
• Issued: 02/01/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Inventors: Foster, Peter Reeve, Brook, John Charles, Eke, Nigel David Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Vital; Pierre M
• Assistant Examiner(s): Raab; Christopher J
• Application Number:
  US11/288,188
• Publication Number:
  US 20060155725A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,890 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 707/803
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/80 of semi-structured data, e.g. markup language structured data such as SGML, XML or HTML content-based retrieval of web data G06F16/95
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/88 Mark-up to mark-up conversion conversion for visualization in web browsing G06F16/9577

Abstract

Disclosed are arrangements which seek to update schemas in a controlled manner so that a device (3710) or service can accurately parse documents conforming to a new version of a schema (3724, 3734) without the need for translation services or extra information within the document to provide guides for translation. One embodiment provides a “best-effort” attempt to process documents of an unknown schema, based on a defined similarity threshold, instead of rejecting such documents as being invalid. The arrangements disclosed seek to provide a satisfactory output from an input document that conforms with an unexpected schema. A method for constraining evolution of a schema associated with a markup language includes the steps of defining the schema and defining a metaschema associated with the schema. The metaschema provides rules for valid changes to the schema.

Claims

1. A method for determining whether a document is acceptable or rejected for use by an apparatus, said apparatus comprising a parser for parsing said document, wherein the document is stored on a computer-readable storage medium and includes plural elements and attributes arranged according to a schema of elements and attributes, said method comprising the steps of:

using a computer to determine a version of the document;

compiling a metaschema based on the parser and the determined version of the document, said metaschema providing a set of rules for a valid change of the schema, each of the set of rules comprising a value and an expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema;

using a computer to execute steps of;

(a) determining a similarity score for said document by comparing at least one of the elements and the attributes of said document to the value and the expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema in the metaschema; and

(b) mapping the document to the schema to produce a list of data values for information requested from the compiled metaschema; and

using a computer to use the similarity score to accept or reject further use of the document, wherein the list of data values is used to extract information from the mapped document if the document is accepted for further use.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said similarity score is based on a matched expression for said at least one of the element or the attribute in said schema.

3. The method according to claim 1, comprising the further step of:

mapping said document into a conformant document based on the similarity score and a control threshold.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said set of rules is included within said schema.

5. The method according to claim 1, comprising the further step of:

allocating, in said set of rules, a rule set for one or more elements and attributes in said schema, each said rule set identifying whether an associated element or attribute is required.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one valid schema change is selected from the group consisting of rename, relocate, retype and a combination thereof.

7. The method according to claim 1, comprising the further step of:

comparing said similarity score against a threshold to determine validity of said document.

8. The method according to claim 1, comprising the further step of:

embedding rule sets in said document to update said set of rules.

11. A method according to claim 1, comprising the further step of:

using a computer to constrain evolution of a schema associated with the document.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein said valid changes are selected from the group consisting of rename, relocate, retype, and a combination thereof.

13. The method according to claim 11, comprising the further steps of:

compiling said metaschema into a device;

parsing a document received by said device using the compiled metaschema to identify the presence of required data items; and

determining a schema-validation of said received document.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein said schema-validation is determined based on a number of the required data items.

9. A device having a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer-executable program executable by the processor for controlling the device to determine whether a document is acceptable or rejected for use by an apparatus, said apparatus comprising a parser for parsing said document, wherein the document is stored in the memory and includes plural elements and attributes arranged according to a schema of elements and attributes, and wherein the computer-executable program stored in the memory comprises:

computer-executable program code for determining a version of the document;

computer-executable program code for compiling a metaschema based on the parser and the determined version of the document, said metaschema providing a set of rules for a valid change of the schema, each of the set of rules comprising a value and an expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema;

computer-executable program code for executing;

(a) computer-executable code for determining a similarity score for said document by comparing at least one of the elements and the attributes of said document to the value and the expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema in the metaschema; and

(b) computer-executable code for mapping the document to the schema to produce a list of data values for information requested from the compiled metaschema; and

computer-executable program code for using the similarity score to accept or reject further use of the document, wherein the list of data values is used to extract information from the mapped document if the document is accepted for further use.

10. A computer readable storage medium having a computer executable program recorded therein for causing a computer to determine whether a document is acceptable or rejected for use by an apparatus, said apparatus comprising a parser for parsing said document, wherein the document is stored in the computer readable storage medium and includes plural elements and attributes arranged according to a schema of elements and attributes, said computer executable program comprising:

code for determining a version of a document;

code for compiling a metaschema based on the parser and the determined version of the document, said metaschema providing a set of rules for a valid change of the schema, each of the set of rules comprising a value and an expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema;

code for executing;

(a) code for determining a similarity score for said document by comparing at least one of the elements and the attributes of said document to the value and the expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema in the metaschema; and

(b) code for mapping the document to the schema to produce a list of data values for information requested from the compiled metaschema; and

code for using said similarity score to accept or reject further use of said document, wherein the list of data values is used to extract information from the mapped document if the document is accepted for further use.

15. A method of determining whether one or more documents are acceptable or rejected for use by an apparatus, said apparatus comprising a parser for parsing said document, wherein the documents are stored on a computer-readable storage medium and each include plural elements and attributes arranged according to a schema of elements and attributes, said method comprising the steps of:

using a computer to determine a version of the document;

using a computer to compile a metaschema based on the parser and the determined version of the document, said metaschema providing a set of rules for a valid change of the schema, each of the set of rules comprising a value and an expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema;

using a computer to;

(a) determine a similarity score for each said document by comparing at least one of the elements and the attributes of said document to the value and the expression of at least one of an element and an attribute of the schema in the metaschema; and

(b) map the document to the schema to produce a list of data values for information requested from the compiled metaschema; and

using a computer to use the similarity score to accept or reject further use of the document, wherein the list of data values is used to extract information from the mapped document if the document is accepted for further use.

16. The method according to claim 15, comprising the further step of:

ranking the documents according to the determined similarity scores.