Materials useful as electrolytic solutes

• US 7,901,812 B2
• Filed: 03/28/2008
• Issued: 03/08/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/03/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: ACEP Inc., Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique, Universite De Montreal, L'
• Original Assignee: ACEP Inc., Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique, Universite De Montreal, L'
• Inventors: Michot, Christophe, Ravet, Nathalie, Gauthier, Michel, Armand, Michel
• Primary Examiner(s): Kalafut; Stephen J.
• Application Number:
  US12/057,934
• Publication Number:
  US 20080251754A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,075 Days
• Field of Search: 568/9, 568/11, 568/13, 568/16, 568/17, 568/36, 568/557, 429/307, 429/315, 429/324, 359/270, 423/301, 423/302, 423/386, 423/387, 570/141, 570/142, 361/505, 361/525
• US Class Current: 429/324
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 211/63 having quaternised nitrogen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 211/64 having quaternised nitrogen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 317/04 of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 317/12 having sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 381/00 Compounds containing carbon and sulfur and having functional groups not covered by groups C07C301/00 - C07C337/00
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 45/46 Friedel-Crafts reactions
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 45/72 by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 213/20 Quaternary compounds thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 213/74 Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 231/12 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 233/56 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 249/08 1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 311/82 Xanthenes
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 339/06 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3, e.g. cyclic dithiocarbonates
• CPC Class Codes: C07F 9/54 Quaternary phosphonium compounds
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/56 Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/60 characterised by the solvent
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/62 characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 9/20 Light-sensitive devices
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 9/2004 characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 : Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 : Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 : Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0566 : Liquid materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0568 : characterised by the solutes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0569 : characterised by the solvents
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/36 : Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0022 : Room temperature molten salts
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0082 : Organic polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/13 : Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/505 : of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/525 : of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/58 : of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/5825 : Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/587 : for inserting or intercalating light metals
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/60 : of organic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/602 : Polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/624 : Electric conductive fillers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/164 : by the solvent
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/166 : by the solute
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/168 : by additives
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/181 : with polymeric electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1048 : Ion-conducting additives, e.g. ion-conducting particles, heteropolyacids, metal phosphate or polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/542 : Dye sensitized solar cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 : Energy storage using capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 : Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention concerns novel ionic compounds with low melting point whereof the onium type cation having at least a heteroatom such as N, O, S or P bearing the positive charge and whereof the anion includes, wholly or partially, at least an ion imidide such as (FX¹O)N⁻(OX²F) wherein X¹ and X² are identical or different and comprise SO or PF, and their use as solvent in electrochemical devices. Said composition comprises a salt wherein the anionic charge is delocalised, and can be used, inter alia, as electrolyte.

Claims

1. An ionic compound having a cation of the onium type with at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, S and P bearing the positive charge and the anion including, in whole or in part, at least one imidide ion of the type (FX¹O)N⁻

(OX²F) wherein X¹ and X² are the same or different and comprise SO or PF, wherein the onium type cation comprises a compound of formula;

2. The ionic compound according to claim 1, wherein at least one of R¹, R³ and R⁴ comprises a polymerization active group.

3. The ionic compound according to claim 2, wherein the polymerization active group comprises double bounds, epoxides or functions reactive in polycondensations.

4. The ionic compound according to claim 1, wherein the cation comprises an ammonium, imidazolium, pyridinum or phosphonium ion unsubstituted or substituted with an alkyl group, an oxaalkyl group or dialkylamino group comprising from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

5. A medium used in diphasic systems to perform chemical or electrochemical reactions involving soluble species present in said medium, comprising:

at least one ionic compound having a cation of the onium type with at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, S and P carrying a positive charge; and

the anion including, in whole or in part, at least one imidide ion of the type (FX¹O)N⁻

(OX²F) wherein X¹ and X² are the same or different and comprise SO or PF, wherein the onium type cation comprises a compound of formula;

6. The medium according to claim 5, wherein the medium is in combination with at least one other component selected from the group consisting of a metallic salt, a polar polymer, and an aprotic cosolvent.

7. The medium according to claim 5, wherein the medium is non-flammable.

8. The medium according to claim 5, wherein the ionic compound is molten.

9. The medium according to claim 8, wherein the ionic compound is a solvent.

10. The medium according to claim 9, wherein catalyst is dissolved in the solvent.

11. The medium according to claim 10, wherein the catalyst comprises a bipyridene, a porphyrine, a phosphine, an arsine or a metallocene.

12. The medium according to claim 5, further comprising the soluble species dissolved in the medium.