3-phase high power UPS

• US 8,008,809 B2
• Filed: 02/26/2010
• Issued: 08/30/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/21/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: American Power Conversion Corporation (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: American Power Conversion Corporation (Schneider Electric SE)
• Inventors: Nielsen, Henning Roar
• Primary Examiner(s): Fureman; Jared J
• Assistant Examiner(s): CAVALLARI, DANIEL J
• Application Number:
  US12/713,927
• Publication Number:
  US 20100156354A1
• Time in Patent Office: 550 Days
• Field of Search: 307/82, 323/268, 320/121
• US Class Current: 307/82
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/102 being switching converters H02J1/108, H02J1/12 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0014 Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/062 for AC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/40 with intermediate conversion into dc
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/487 Neutral point clamped inverters

Abstract

A 3-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) including first, second, and third AC/DC converters, a DC/DC converter, and at least one DC/AC converter coupled to multiple electrical buses. The first, second, and third AC/DC converters each being configured to receive AC power and to provide multiple DC signals to the multiple electrical buses. The DC/DC converter being configured to convert DC voltages present on the multiple electrical buses to a DC voltage that can be used to charge a battery. The DC/AC converter being configured to receive DC power from the multiple electrical buses and to provide an AC output. The 3-phase UPS being configured such that when suitable AC power is provided to the AC/DC converters, the DC/DC converter is configured to charge a battery, and when suitable AC power is not provided to the AC/DC converters, the DC/DC converter is configured to provide DC power to the multiple electrical buses using power provided by the battery.

Claims

1. A DC/DC converter for use with a battery, the DC/DC converter comprising:

first and second battery nodes configured to be coupled to the battery;

first, second, third, and fourth bus nodes;

first and second switches coupled in series between the first and second bus nodes wherein the first switch is coupled to the first bus node and the second switch is coupled to the second bus node;

a first buck-boost converter coupled to a junction of the first and second switches, to a neutral, and to the first battery node;

third and fourth switches coupled in series between the third and fourth bus nodes wherein the third switch is coupled to the third bus node and the fourth switch is coupled to the fourth bus node;

a second buck-boost converter coupled to a junction of the third and fourth switches, to the neutral, and to the second battery node;

a first diode coupled across the first switch;

a second diode coupled across the second switch;

a third diode coupled across the third switch;

a fourth diode coupled across the fourth switch;

a first capacitor coupled between the first and second bus nodes;

a second capacitor coupled between the second bus node and the neutral;

a third capacitor coupled between the neutral node and the third bus node; and

a fourth capacitor coupled between the third and fourth bus nodes,

wherein the DC/DC converter is configured to operate in a first state to charge the battery using energy conveyed by at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth bus nodes; and

wherein the DC/DC converter is configured to operate in a second state to convey a DC voltage to at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth bus nodes using energy conveyed by the battery.

2. The DC/DC converter of claim 1 wherein:

in the first state the first and second buck-boost converters function as a buck-converter; and

in the second state the first and second buck-boost converters function as a boost converter.

3. The DC/DC converter of claim 1 wherein:

the first buck-boost converter comprises;

a first inductor coupled to the junction of the first and second switches and to the first battery node; and

a first capacitor coupled between the first battery node and the neutral; and

the second buck-boost converter comprises;

a second inductor coupled to the junction of the third and fourth switches and the second battery node; and

a second capacitor coupled between the second battery node and the neutral.

4. The DC/DC converter of claim 1 further comprising a controller coupled to the first, second, third, and fourth switches.

5. The DC/DC converter of claim 4 wherein the controller is configured to:

in the first state;

repeatedly toggle the first and fourth switches on and off; and

switch the second and third switches to an off state; and

in the second state;

switch the first and fourth switches to an off state; and

repeatedly toggle the second and third switches on and off.

6. The DC/DC converter of claim 4 wherein the controller is a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller.

7. The DC/DC converter of claim 4 wherein the controller is configured to use a feedback loop to control the first, second, third, and fourth switches.

8. The DC/DC converter of claim 1 further comprising a third battery node coupled to the neutral.

9. A DC/DC converter for use with a battery, the DC/DC converter comprising:

first and second battery nodes configured to be coupled to the battery;

a plurality of DC busses including a first DC bus, a second DC bus, a third DC bus, and a fourth DC bus, wherein each of the plurality of DC busses operates at a nominal DC voltage, respectively, that differs from the respective nominal DC voltage of each of the other DC busses;

first and second switches coupled in series between the first DC bus and second DC bus wherein the first switch is coupled to the first DC bus and the second switch is coupled to the second DC bus;

a first buck-boost converter coupled to a junction of the first and second switches, to a neutral, and to the first battery node;

third and fourth switches coupled in series between the third DC bus and the fourth DC bus wherein the third switch is coupled to the third DC bus and the fourth switch is coupled to the fourth DC bus; and

a second buck-boost converter coupled to a junction of the third and fourth switches, to the neutral, and to the second battery node;

wherein the DC/DC converter is configured to operate in a first state to charge the battery using energy conveyed by at least one of the first DC bus, the second DC bus, the third DC bus, and fourth DC bus; and

wherein the DC/DC converter is configured to operate in a second state to convey a DC voltage to at least one of the first DC bus, the second DC bus, the third DC bus, and fourth DC bus using energy conveyed by the battery.

10. The DC/DC converter of claim 9 wherein:

in the first state the first and second buck-boost converters function as a buck-converter; and

in the second state the first and second buck-boost converters function as a boost converter.

11. The DC/DC converter of claim 9 wherein:

the first buck-boost converter comprises;

a first inductor coupled to the junction of the first and second switches and to the first battery node; and

a first capacitor coupled between the first battery node and the neutral; and

the second buck-boost converter comprises;

a second inductor coupled to the junction of the third and fourth switches and the second battery node; and

a second capacitor coupled between the second battery node and the neutral.

12. The DC/DC converter of claim 9 further comprising a controller coupled to the first, second, third, and fourth switches.

13. The DC/DC converter of claim 12 wherein the controller is configured to:

in the first state;

repeatedly toggle the first and fourth switches on and off; and

switch the second and third switches to an off state; and

in the second state;

switch the first and fourth switches to an off state; and

repeatedly toggle the second and third switches on and off.

14. The DC/DC converter of claim 12 wherein the controller is a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller.

15. The DC/DC converter of claim 12 wherein the controller is configured to use a feedback loop to control the first, second, third, and fourth switches.

16. The DC/DC converter of claim 9 further comprising a third battery node coupled to the neutral.

17. The DC/DC converter of claim 9 further comprising:

a first capacitor coupled between the first DC bus and second DC bus;

a second capacitor coupled between the second DC bus and the neutral;

a third capacitor coupled between the neutral node and the third DC bus; and

a fourth capacitor coupled between the third DC bus and fourth DC bus.

18. The DC/DC converter of claim 9, further comprising:

a first diode coupled across the first switch;

a second diode coupled across the second switch;

a third diode coupled across the third switch; and

a fourth diode coupled across the fourth switch.