Method, system, and computer program product for interfacing with information sources

• US 8,027,854 B2
• Filed: 11/13/2006
• Issued: 09/27/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 09/22/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: ITA Software, Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Baggett, David M., Galperin, Gregory R.
• Primary Examiner(s): CAMPBELL, SHANNON S
• Application Number:
  US11/598,009
• Publication Number:
  US 20070055555A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,779 Days
• Field of Search: 705/5, 705/1.1
• US Class Current: 705/5
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/24539 using cached or materialised query results
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/24552 Database cache management
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/02 Reservations, e.g. for tickets, services or events

Abstract

A method, system and computer program product for interfacing between information requesters and information sources. In an embodiment, information is obtained from one or more information sources in response to client requests. In an embodiment, information received from information sources is cached for future use, such as for future client requests. In a caching embodiment, information can also be received by monitoring traffic between an information source and a third party, and/or by proactively querying the information sources. Proactive queries can be generated to populate a cache and/or to update presently cached information. In a caching embodiment, the invention includes methods for determining whether to respond to a request for information out-of-cache and/or with real-time information from an information source. In an embodiment, the invention interfaces with airline availability information sources. The invention also includes, without limitation, methods for interfacing with information sources through proxies, methods for ordering and prioritizing queries, methods for processing queries in a distributed architecture, and time-out features.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising:

receiving availability requests from requestors of availability information;

prioritizing the availability requests, wherein the prioritizing includes prioritizing the availability requests based at least in part on time remaining prior to events associated with the requested availability information;

processing the availability requests according to the priorities;

selecting one or more availability information sources to be queried for each of the availability requests based at least in part on policies associated with the requestors;

querying the selected availability information sources; and

providing results from the querying to the requestors.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the receiving further includes receiving the availability requests over a transmission control protocol (“

TCP”

) based network.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the receiving includes receiving compressed availability requests.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting includes selecting from amongst at least the following availability information sources:

one or more real-time query availability information sources; and

one or more non-real-time query availability information sources.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the one or more non-real-time query availability information sources include cached information.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the one or more non-real-time query availability information sources further include predicted information.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the predicted information includes yield management predicted information.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the one or more non-real-time query availability information sources further include calculated information.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the calculated information includes simulated yield management calculated information.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the selecting further includes selecting from amongst at least the following availability information sources:

one or more real-time query availability information sources;

one or more non-real-time query availability information sources; and

one or more pushed availability information sources.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the one or more pushed availability information sources include pushed availability server messages.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the selecting further includes selecting from amongst at least the following availability information sources:

one or more real-time query availability information sources;

one or more non-real-time query availability information sources;

one or more pushed availability information sources; and

one or more packet sniffing availability information sources.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the one or more non-real-time query availability information sources further include information inferred from other queries.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the information inferred from other queries includes information inferred from seat map queries.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the one or more non-real-time query availability information sources further include synthesized information.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the synthesized information includes synthesized information for debugging purposes.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the receiving further includes receiving requestor preferences defining a policy.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the receiving further includes receiving requestor preferences defining a policy that specifies the use of cached information only if the cached information is within an age limit.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the querying includes querying the selected availability information sources via gateways.

20. The method according to claim 1, wherein the providing includes providing reply messages.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the providing further includes broadcasting the reply messages.

22. The method according to claim 1, wherein one or more aspects of one or more of the receiving, the prioritizing, the processing, the selecting, the querying, and the providing are executed with a multi-threading computer process.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein one or more aspects of one or more of the receiving, the prioritizing, the processing, the selecting, the querying, and the providing are executed with a producer-consumer thread model.

24. The method according to claim 23, further comprising:

generating query components from the availability requests;

placing the query components in a queue for processing;

spawning producer threads for the query components in the queue, and using the producer threads to gather data for processing of the query components; and

spawning consumer threads to process the query components in the queue using the data generated by the producer threads.

25. The method according to claim 1, further comprising storing availability information in memory for use with later availability requests.

26. The method according to claim 25, further comprising storing the availability information in memory using a bucketing approach.

27. The method according to claim 26, further comprising apportioning the availability information to buckets according to a first criterion, and ordering the availability information within each bucket according to a second criterion.

28. The method according to claim 27, further comprising generating availability requests to update stored availability information when the availability information stored in one of the buckets exceeds a threshold associated with the second criterion, and periodically re-apportioning the availability information amongst the buckets according the first criterion.

29. The method according to claim 28, further comprising apportioning the availability information to buckets according to a time to an event associated with the availability information, and ordering the availability information within each bucket according to the reliability of the availability information.

30. The method according to claim 25, further comprising compressing the results from the querying in memory.

31. The method according to claim 1, wherein the receiving includes receiving an approximate time to an event for which availability information is sought by the requestor, and wherein the processing includes querying a selected availability information source within a range of time of the approximate time.

32. The method according to claim 31, further comprising storing the availability information in memory using a hash table, wherein an associated hash function receives as input rounded times to events associated with the availability information, and wherein actual times to the events are stored at corresponding hash table entries, wherein the selecting includes searching the hash table for the availability information by rounding the approximate time to an event for which availability information is sought by the requestor, and providing the rounded time to the hash function to identify a hash table entry.

33. The method according to claim 1, further comprising maintaining a run control file that controls one or more aspects of one or more of the receiving, the prioritizing, the processing, the selecting, the querying, and the providing.

34. The method according to claim 33, further comprising maintaining a run control file that includes query distribution settings.

35. A computer program product including a computer readable medium having computer program logic stored therein, the computer program logic comprising:

receive logic to cause a processor to receive availability requests from the requestors of availability information;

priority logic to cause the processor to prioritize the availability requests, wherein the prioritizing includes prioritizing the availability requests based at least in part on time remaining prior to events associated with the requested availability information;

process logic to cause the processor to process the availability requests according to the priorities;

selection logic to cause the processor to select one or more availability information sources to be queried for each of the availability requests based at least in part on policies associated with the requestors;

query logic to cause the processor to query the selected availability information sources; and

results logic to cause the processor to provide results from the querying to the requestors.