Implanting optical cavity structures

• US 8,040,526 B2
• Filed: 12/14/2010
• Issued: 10/18/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 02/05/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Palo Alto Research Center, Inc. (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Palo Alto Research Center, Inc. (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Kiesel, Peter, Johnson, Noble M., Bruce, Richard H., Bassler, Michael, Schmidt, Oliver
• Primary Examiner(s): Lee; Hwa
• Application Number:
  US12/968,115
• Publication Number:
  US 20110082353A1
• Time in Patent Office: 308 Days
• Field of Search: 356/480, 356/481, 356/517, 356/519, 600/310, 600/316, 600/327, 600/325, 600/339, 600/341
• US Class Current: 356/519
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0075 by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy A61B5/0071 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0084 for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1459 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1464 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/03 Cuvette constructions
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/0303 Optical path conditioning in cuvettes, e.g. windows; adapted optical elements or systems; path modifying or adjustment G01N21/031 - G01N21/15 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/274 Calibration, base line adjustment, drift correction
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/31 Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry G01N21/72 takes precedence

Abstract

An implantable product includes an optical cavity structure with first and second parts, each of which can operate as an optical cavity. The first part includes a container with at least one opening through which bodily fluid can transfer between the container'"'"'s interior and exterior when the product is implanted in a body. The second part includes a container that is closed and contains a reference fluid. The implantable product can also include one or both of a light source component and a photosensing component. Photosensed quantities from the first part'"'"'s output light can be adjusted based on photosensed quantities from the second part'"'"'s output light. Both parts can have their light interface surfaces aligned so that they both receive input light from a light source component and both provide output light to a photosensing component.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

receiving input light into an implantable optical structure, the implantable optical structure comprising a first optical cavity and a second optical cavity, each of the first and second optical cavities including a container disposed between opposing reflectors, the container of the first optical cavity having an opening allowing entry of bodily fluids and the container of the second optical cavity being closed and containing a reference fluid;

transferring bodily fluid between an exterior and interior of the container of the first optical cavity through the opening;

reflecting light input into the first optical cavity more than once across the container of the first optical cavity;

reflecting light input into the second optical cavity more than once across the container of the second optical cavity;

photosensing output light from the first optical cavity and providing first optical cavity photosensing results; and

photosensing output light from the second optical cavity and providing second optical cavity photosensing results.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

using the second optical cavity photosensing results to adjust the first optical cavity photosensing results.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein:

an optical distance between the reflectors of the first optical cavity is substantially constant; and

an optical distance between the reflectors of the second optical cavity is substantially constant.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein:

an optical distance between the reflectors of the first optical cavity varies laterally; and

an optical distance between the reflectors of the second optical cavity varies laterally.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising optically tuning the reflectors of the first and second optical cavities.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing the input light using an implantable light source.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving the first optical cavity photosensing results and the second optical cavity photosensing results in a processor; and

processing the first optical cavity photosensing results and the second optical cavity photosensing results to obtain information about the bodily fluid.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising providing the input light to the first optical cavity and the second optical cavity under control of the processor.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising controlling the input light using the processor so that the output light from each of the first and second optical cavities emerges in a set of one or more modes.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the output light from the first optical cavity comprises a first set of one or more modes; and

the output light from the second optical cavity comprises a second set of one or more modes.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference fluid is a glucose solution.

12. A method, comprising:

receiving input light from a light source through a first light interface surface of an implantable optical structure, the first light interface surface common to a first optical cavity and a second optical cavity, each of the first and second optical cavities having a container disposed between opposing reflectors, the container of the first optical cavity having an opening allowing entry of bodily fluids and the container of the second optical cavity being closed and containing a reference fluid;

transferring bodily fluid between an exterior and interior of the container of the first optical cavity through the opening;

reflecting light received through the first light interface surface multiple times between the opposing reflectors of the first optical cavity and through the container of the first optical cavity;

reflecting light received through the first light interface surface multiple times between the opposing reflectors of the second optical cavity and through the container of the second optical cavity;

emitting output light from the first and second optical cavities through a second light interface surface which is common to the first optical cavity and the second optical cavity.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising

photosensing the output light emitted from the first optical cavity and providing first optical cavity photosensing results;

and

photosensing the output light emitted from the second optical cavity and providing second optical cavity photosensing results.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the output light varies with lateral position according to photon energy.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the optical structure is operated as a Fabry-Perot interferometer.

16. The method of claim 12, further comprising passing the output light emitted from the first and second optical cavities through a laterally varying transmission structure.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein emitting output light from the first and second optical cavities comprises emitting output light that varies with lateral position according to photon energy.

18. The method of claim 12, wherein emitting output light from the first and second optical cavities comprises emitting output light from each of the first and second optical cavities in only one output mode.

19. The method of claim 12, wherein emitting output light from the first and second optical cavities comprises emitting output light from each of the first and second optical cavities in multiple transmission modes that are sufficiently laterally separated to prevent interference between adjacent transmission modes.

20. The method of claim 12, further comprising generating the input light.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein generating the input light comprises generating light in one broad frequency band.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein generating the input light comprises generating the input light in multiple narrow frequency bands.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein generating the input light comprises generating the input light in multiple narrow frequency bands using multiple light sources fired in sequence, each of the multiple light sources generating one of the multiple narrow frequency bands.