High isolation signal routing assembly for full duplex communication

• US 8,077,639 B2
• Filed: 06/29/2009
• Issued: 12/13/2011
• Est. Priority Date: 12/29/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Michael E. Knox
• Original Assignee: Michael E. Knox
• Inventors: Knox, Michael E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chou, Albert T
• Application Number:
  US12/459,242
• Publication Number:
  US 20090268642A1
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• Field of Search: 370/277, 370/278, 385/16, 385/17
• US Class Current: 370/278
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/66 Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways

Abstract

A signal routing assembly accepts a first transmission signal at an input and outputs a substantial portion of the signal at a common port of the signal routing assembly. A second transmission signal is received at the common port and is routed through the signal routing assembly delivered to output of the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from routing devices leaking the first transmission signal are terminated inside the signal routing assembly. Leakage signal from a divider/combiner are cancelled by reflect signal from at least one reflector device. A transmitter produces the first transmission signal and the signal routing assembly delivers this signal to the common port of the signal routing assembly. In full duplex operation, second transmission signals received at the common port are routed to the output to be applied to a receiver.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions, comprising:

a transmission signal input for receiving first transmission signal;

a common port for outputting a portion of said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and simultaneously receiving a second transmission signal;

a transmission signal output for outputting a portion of said second transmission signal;

a signal divider receiving said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and dividing said first transmission signal into first and second divided transmission signals having amplitudes within a first amplitude range of each other and a first relative phase shift therebetween;

first and second routing devices each having at least first, second and third ports, said first and second routing devices being configured to simultaneously deliver a signal at said first port to said second port and another signal at said second port to said third port, wherein;

s21 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said second port;

s32 is a transmission coefficient from said second port to said third;

s31 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said third port;

said s21 is greater than said s31; and

said s32 is greater than said s31;

said first routing device having said first divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said first routing device and simultaneously producing;

a first divided transmission output signal at said second port of said first routing device; and

a first transmission leakage signal at said third port of said first routing device,

each resultant from said first divided transmission signal;

said first routing device also having a third divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said first routing device and producing, simultaneously with said first divided transmission output signal and said first transmission leakage signal, a third divided transmission output signal at said third port of said first routing device resultant from said third divided transmission signal;

said second routing device having said second divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said second routing device and simultaneously producing;

a second divided transmission output signal at said second port of said second routing device; and

a second transmission leakage signal at said third port of said second routing device,

each resultant from said second divided transmission signal;

said second routing device also having a fourth divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said second routing device and producing, simultaneously with said second divided transmission output signal and said second transmission leakage signal, a fourth divided transmission output signal at said third pert of said second routing device resultant from said fourth divided transmission signal;

a signal divider/combiner having;

first and second divider/combiner ports for receiving said first and second divided transmission output signals and a configuration for combining these signals at levels within a second relative amplitude range and with a second relative phase shift therebetween to output said portion of said first transmission signal to said common port; and

said configuration being such that said second transmission signal, when present and received at said common port, said second transmission signal is divided into said third and fourth divided transmission signals having amplitudes within said second relative amplitude range and with said second relative phase shift therebetween;

a signal combiner having first and second combiner inputs for receiving said first and second transmission leakage signals and, when present, for receiving said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, said signal combiner including said transmission signal output, and said signal combiner being configured to introduce a third relative phase shift into signals applied to at least one of said first and second combiner inputs and combine signals applied to said first and second combiner inputs at said transmission signal output at levels within a third amplitude range such that;

said first and second transmission leakage signals arrive at said transmission signal output at levels within an amplitude tolerance range and a total relative phase shift therebetween within a phase tolerance range situated about 180 degrees to effect a destructive combination resulting in at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals at said transmission signal output; and

said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, when present, arrive at said transmission signal output to effect a constructive combination of said third and fourth divided transmission output signals to output a portion of said second transmission signal at said transmission signal output;

said configuration of said signal divider/combiner producing;

a third transmission leakage signal, at said first divider/combiner port which is a portion of said second divided transmission output signal; and

a fourth transmission leakage signal, at said second divider/combiner port, which is a portion of said first divided transmission output signal;

said first routing device receiving said third transmission leakage signal at said second port and producing at said third port a third transmission leakage output signal resultant from said third transmission leakage signal;

said second routing device receiving said fourth transmission leakage signal at said second port and producing at said third port a fourth transmission leakage output signal resultant from said forth transmission leakage signal;

a reflecting configuration configured to produce at least one reflected signal, said reflecting configuration being one of;

a first reflector configuration having a reflector device applied to said common port and configured to reflect into said common port a portion of said portion of said first transmission signal as a common port reflected signal, and said configuration of said signal divider/combiner being so arranged as to divide said common port reflected signal into first and second reflected divided signals having amplitude levels within said second amplitude range and said second relative phase shift therebetween, said first and second reflected divided signals being respectively output at said first and second divider/combiner ports as said at least one reflected signal;

a second reflector configuration having a reflector device applied between said second port of said first routing device and said first divider/combiner port of said signal divider/combiner and configured to reflect into said second port of said first routing device a reflected signal, which is a portion of said first divided transmission output signal, as said at least one reflected signal thereby creating an imbalance in levels of said first divided transmission output signal and said second divided transmission output signal arriving at said first and second divider/combiner ports;

a third reflector configuration having a reflector device applied between said second port of said second routing device and said second divider/combiner port of said signal divider/combiner and configured to reflect into said second port of said second routing device a reflected signal, which is a portion of said second divided transmission output signal, as said at least one reflected signal thereby creating an imbalance in levels of said first divided transmission output signal and said second divided transmission output signal arriving at said first and second divider/combiner ports;

or

a fourth reflector configuration having;

a first reflector device applied between said second port of said first routing device and said first divider/combiner port of said signal divider/combiner and configured to have a first reflection coefficient to reflect into said second port of said first routing device a portion of said first divided transmission output signal as a first reflected signal; and

a second reflector device applied between said second port of said second routing device and said second divider/combiner port of said signal divider/combiner and configured to have a second reflection coefficient to reflect into said second port of said second routing device a portion of said second divided transmission output signal as a second reflected signal, wherein said first and second reflection coefficients are such that a phase imbalance is generated between said first reflected signal and said second reflected signal, and said at least one reflected signal includes said first reflected signal and said second reflected signal; and

said signal combiner having said first and second combiner inputs respectively receiving said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals, and respectively receiving, via at least one of said first and second routing devices, at least one reflection signal output resultant from said at least one reflected signal, said signal combiner being so configured as to destructively combine said at least one reflection signal output at said transmission signal output with said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals to effect at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals arriving at said transmission signal output.

2. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly or claim 1 wherein said first and second routing devices are circulators.

3. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 2 wherein said signal divider is a quadrature hybrid introducing said first relative phase shift and having an input port receiving said first transmission signal, an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, said first and second divided transmission signals are output at first and second divider outputs of said quadrature hybrid, said first relative phase shift is such that said first divided transmission signal lags said second divided transmission signal by said first relative phase shift.

4. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 3 wherein said signal divider/combiner is a quadrature hybrid introducing said second relative phase shift and having an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, two ports for receiving said first and second divided transmission output signals, said second relative phase shift introduced into said second divided transmission output signal is such that said second divided transmission output signal lags said first divided transmission output signal by said second relative phase shift such that:

said first and second divided transmission output signals are constructively combined at said common port to output said portion of the first transmission signal; and

said second transmission signal, when present, and simultaneously received at said common port is divided into said third and fourth divided transmission signals having said second relative phase shift, and said fourth divided transmission signal lags said third divided transmission signal by said second relative phase shift.

5. The electromagnetic signal routine assembly of claim 4 wherein said signal combiner is a quadrature hybrid having an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, two ports for receiving said first and second transmission leakage signals, said first transmission leakage signal lags said second transmission leakage signal by said third relative phase shift, and said first and second leakage transmission signals are combined at said isolated port and dissipated in said termination.

6. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 2 wherein said portion of said first transmission signal delivered to said common port is in a range of 0.3 dB to 2.5 dB lower than an amplitude level of said first transmission signal at said transmission signal input.

7. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 6 wherein said portion of said second transmission signal delivered to said transmission signal output is in a range of 0.3 dB to 2.5 dB lower than an amplitude level of said second transmission signal delivered to said common port.

8. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 2 wherein said at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals at said transmission signal output results in a combined signal that is at least 27 dB attenuated relative to said first transmission signal.

9. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 2 wherein said at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals at said transmission signal output results in a combined signal that is at least 37 dB attenuated relative to said first transmission signal.

10. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said signal divider/combiner is a quadrature hybrid introducing said second relative phase shift and having an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, two ports for receiving said first and second divided transmission output signals, said second relative phase shift introduced into said second divided transmission output signal is such that said second divided transmission output signal lags said first divided transmission output signal by said second relative phase shift such that:

said first and second divided transmission output signals are constructively combined at said common port to output said portion of the first transmission signal; and

said second transmission signal, when present, and simultaneously received at said common port is divided into said third and fourth divided transmission signals having said second relative phase shift, and said fourth divided transmission signal lags said third divided transmission signal by said second relative phase shift.

11. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said signal combiner is a quadrature hybrid having an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, two ports for receiving said first and second transmission leakage signals, said first transmission leakage signal lags said second transmission leakage signal by said third relative phase shift, and said first and second leakage transmission signals are combined at said isolated port and dissipated in said termination.

12. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said signal divider is a power splitter device having an input port receiving said transmission signal, and two output branches delivering said first and second divided transmission signals, one of said two output branches includes a phase shifting element introducing said first relative phase shift.

13. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein:

said signal divider/combiner is a power splitter/combiner device having two branches for respectively receiving said first and second divided transmission signals, said power splitter/combiner device is configured as a signal combiner and one of said two branches includes a phase shifting element introducing said second relative phase shift; and

said power splitter/combiner device simultaneously divides said second transmission signal, when present, from said common port into said third and fourth divided transmission signals.

14. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said signal combiner is a power combiner having two input branches and an output port, one of said two input branches includes a phase shifting element introducing said third relative phase shift, said power combiner being configured for simultaneously receiving:

said first and second transmission leakage signals to effect destructive combining thereof at the output port; and

said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, when present, to combine at the output port.

15. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said first and second divided transmission signals are amplified.

16. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions according to claim 1, wherein:

said reflecting configuration is said first reflector configuration;

said first routing device receives said first reflected divided signal at said second port and produces, simultaneously at said third port a first reflected divided output signal and said third transmission leakage output signal respectively resultant from said first reflected divided signal and said third transmission leakage signal;

said second routing device receives said second reflected divided signal at said second port and produces, simultaneously at said third port a second reflected divided output signal and said fourth transmission leakage output signal respectively resultant from said second reflected divided signal and said fourth transmission leakages signal;

and

said signal combiner has said first and second combiner inputs respectively receiving said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals, and respectively receiving said first and second reflected divided output signals as said at least one reflection signal output, said signal combiner is so configured as to destructively combine said first and second reflected divided output signals at said transmission signal output with said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals to effect said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals arriving at said transmission signal output.

17. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 16 wherein:

said third transmission leakage signal has an amplitude equal to an amplitude of said second divided transmission output signal multiplied by H and a phase shift −

φ

H relative to said second divided transmission output signal;

said fourth transmission leakage signal has an amplitude equal to an amplitude of said first divided transmission output signal multiplied by H and a phase shift −

φ

H relative to said first divided transmission output signal; and

said configuration of said reflector device is set to have a reflection coefficient R and a relative phase −

φ

R so as to effect said destructive combination of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals by having R set to within an amplitude range of H and −

φ

R set to within a reflected phase range of (−

φ

H−

90−

2(φ

8)) such that said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals and said at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals produces a transmit to receive isolation of at least 30 dB, wherein;

φ

8 is a net electrical length of a portion of the common connecting line between said reflecting device and said common port of said signal divider/combiner.

18. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 16 wherein said reflector device is an open stub.

19. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 16 wherein said reflector device is a shorted stub.

20. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 16 wherein said reflector device includes a reactive component selected from the group consisting of a capacitor and an inductor.

21. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions according to claim 1, wherein:

said reflecting configuration is said second reflector configuration;

said first routing device receives said reflected signal and said third transmission leakage signal at said second port and produces, simultaneously at said third port a reflected output signal and said third transmission leakage output signal respectively resultant from said reflected signal and said third transmission leakage signal;

and

said signal combiner has said first and second combiner inputs respectively receiving said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals, and said first combiner input receiving said reflected output signal as said at least one reflection signal output, said signal combiner is so configured as to destructively combine a portion of said reflected output signal at said transmission signal output with said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals to effect said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals at said transmission signal output.

22. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 21 wherein:

said third transmission leakage signal has an amplitude equal to an amplitude of said second divided transmission output signal multiplied by H and a phase shift −

φ

H relative to said second divided transmission output signal; and

said fourth transmission leakage has an amplitude equal to an amplitude of said first divided transmission output signal multiplied by H and a phase shift −

φ

H relative to said first divided transmission output signal;

said reflected signal has an amplitude equal to an amplitude of said first divided transmission output signal multiplied by X and relative phase shift −

φ

X;

X is set to within a reflected amplitude range of 2H and −

φ

X is set to within a reflected phase range of (−

90−

2(φ

4)−

φ

H−

2 (φ

6) such that said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals and said at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals produces a transmit to receive isolation of at least 30 dB, wherein;

φ

4 is a net electrical length of a first connecting line connecting the second port of the first routing device to the first divider/combiner port;

φ

4 is a not electrical length of a second connecting line connecting the second port of the second routing device to the second divider/combiner port; and

φ

6 is a net electrical length of a portion of the first connecting line between said reflecting device and said second port of said first routing device.

23. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 21 wherein said reflector device is an open stub.

24. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly acclaim 21 wherein said reflector device is a shorted stub.

25. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 21 wherein said reflector device includes a reactive component selected from the group consisting of a capacitor and an inductor.

26. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions according to claim 1, wherein:

said reflecting configuration is said third reflector configuration;

said second routing device receives said reflected signal and said fourth transmission leakage signal at said second port and produces simultaneously at said third port a reflected output signal and said fourth transmission leakage output signal respectively resultant from said reflected signal and said fourth transmission leakage signal; and

said signal combiner has said first and second combiner inputs respectively receiving said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals, and said second combiner input receiving said reflected output signal as said at least one reflection signal output, said signal combiner is so configured as to destructively, combine a portion of said reflected output signal at said transmission signal output with said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals to effect said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals at said transmission signal output.

27. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 26 wherein:

said third transmission leakage signal has art amplitude equal to an amplitude of said second divided transmission output signal multiplied by and a phase shift −

φ

H relative to said second divided transmission output signal; and

said fourth transmission leakage signal has an amplitude equal to an amplitude of said first divided transmission output signal multiplied by H and a phase shift −

φ

H relative to said first divided transmission output signal;

said reflected signal has an amplitude equal to an amplitude of said second divided transmission output signal multiplied by Y and a relative phase shift of −

φ

Y; and

Y is set to within a reflected amplitude range of 2H and −

φ

Y is set to within a reflected phase range of (−

270−

2(φ

4)−

φ

H+2(φ

7)) such that sat at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth leakage signals and said at least partial cancellation of said first and second leakage signals produces a transmit to receive isolation of at least 30 dB, wherein;

φ

4 is a net electrical length of a first connecting line connecting the second port of the first routing device to the first divider/combiner port;

φ

4 is a net electrical length of a second connecting line connecting the second port of the second routing device to the second divider/combiner port; and

φ

7 is a net electrical length of a portion of the second connecting line between said reflecting device and said second port of said second routing device.

28. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 26 wherein said reflector device is an open stub.

29. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 26 wherein said reflector device is a shorted stub.

30. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 26 wherein said reflector device includes a reactive component selected from the group consisting of a capacitor and an inductor.

31. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions according to claim 1, wherein:

said reflecting configuration is said fourth reflector configuration;

said first routing device receives said first reflected signal and said third transmission leakage signal at said second port and produces, simultaneously at said third port a first reflected output signal and said third transmission leakage output signal;

said second routing device receives said second reflected signal and said fourth transmission leakage signal at said second port and produces, simultaneously at said third port a second reflected output signal and said fourth transmission leakage output signal; and

said signal combiner has said first and second combiner inputs respectively receiving said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals, and said first and second combiner inputs respectively receiving said first and second reflected output signals as said at least one reflection signal output, said signal combiner being so configured as to destructively combine a portion of said first and second reflected output signals at said transmission signal output with said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals to effect said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals at said transmission signal output such that said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth leakage signals and said at least partial cancellation of said first and second leakage signal produces a transmit to receive isolation of at least 30 dB.

32. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 31 wherein said first and second reflector devices are embodied as one of an open stub, a shorted stub, or a reactive component selected from the group consisting of a capacitor and an inductor.

33. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said first and second transmission leakage signals are respectively attenuated 10 dB or greater relative to said first and second divided transmission signals, wherein said first amplitude range, said first relative phase shift, said third amplitude range, and said third relative phase shift are such that said first and second transmission leakage signals arrive at said transmission signal output with said total relative phase shift equal to 180 degrees within said phase tolerance range, wherein said phase tolerance range is +/−

20.5 degrees, and having amplitudes within said amplitude tolerance range, wherein said amplitude tolerance range is +3.8 dB to −

1.6 dB, so that said destructive combination results in said first and second leakage signals destructively combining at said transmission signal output to have an combined amplitude attenuated by said at least partial cancellation which is at least 22 dB relative to said first transmission signal.

34. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 33 wherein said phase tolerance range is +/−

10 degrees, said amplitude tolerance range is +1.2 dB to −

0.8 dB, and said reflector configuration effects said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals such that a transmit to receive isolation between said transmission signal input and said transmission signal output is at least 30 dB.

35. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 34 wherein said phase tolerance range is +/−

5 degrees, said amplitude tolerance range is +/−

0.3 dB, and said reflector configuration effects said at least partial cancellation of said third and fourth transmission leakage output signals such that a transmit to receive isolation between said transmission signal input and said transmission signal output is at least 35 dB.

36. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said first and second routing devices are directional couplers.

37. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 1 wherein said first and second routing devices are duplexing filters.

38. An electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions comprising:

a transmission signal input for receiving first transmission signal;

a common port for outputting a portion of said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and simultaneously receiving a second transmission signal;

a transmission outputting a portion of said second transmission signal;

a signal divider receiving said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and dividing said first transmission signal into first and second divided transmission signals having amplitudes within a first amplitude range of each other and a first relative phase shift therebetween;

first and second routing devices each having at least first, second and third ports, said first and second routing device being configured to simultaneously deliver a signal at said first port to said second port and another signal at said second port to said third port, wherein;

s21 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said second port;

s32 is a transmission coefficient from said second port to said third;

s31 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said third port;

said s21 is greater than said s31; and

said s32 is greater than said s1;

said first and second routing devices are each a directional coupler;

said first routing device having said first divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said first routing device and simultaneously producing;

a first divided transmission output signal at said second port of said first routing device; and

a first transmission leakage signal at said third port of said first routing device,

each resultant from said first divided transmission signal;

said first routine device also having a third divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said first routing device and producing, simultaneously with said first divided transmission output signal and said first transmission leakage signal, a third divided transmission output signal at said third port of said first routing device resultant from said third divided transmission signal;

said second routing device having said second divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said second routing device and simultaneously producing;

a second divided transmission output signal at said second port of said second routing device; and

a second transmission leakage signal at said third port of said second routing device,

each resultant from said second divided transmission signal;

said second routing device also having a fourth divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said second routing device and producing, simultaneously with said second divided transmission output signal and said second transmission leakage signal, a fourth divided transmission output signal at said third port of said second routing device resultant from said fourth divided transmission signal;

a signal divider/combiner having;

first and second divider/combiner ports for receiving said first and second divided transmission output signals and a configuration for combining these signals at levels within a second relative amplitude range and with a second relative phase shift therebetween to output said portion of said first transmission signal to said common port; and

said configuration being such that said second transmission signal, when present and received at said common port, said second transmission signal is divided into said third and fourth divided transmission signals having amplitudes within said second relative amplitude range and with said second relative phase shift therebetween; and

a signal combiner having first and second combiner inputs for receiving said first and second transmission leakage signals and, when present, for receiving said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, said signal combiner including said transmission signal output, and said signal combiner being configured to introduce a third relative phase shift into signals applied to at least one of said first and second combiner inputs and combine signals applied to said first and second combiner inputs at said transmission signal output at levels within a third amplitude range such that;

said first and second transmission leakage signals arrive at said transmission signal output at levels within an amplitude tolerance range and a total relative phase shift therebetween within a phase tolerance range situated about 180 degrees to effect a destructive combination resulting in at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals at said transmission signal output; and

said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, when present, arrive at said transmission signal output to effect a constructive combination of said third and fourth divided transmission output signals to output a portion of said second transmission signal at said transmission signal output.

39. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 38 wherein said signal divider is a quadrature hybrid introducing said first relative phase shift and having an input port receiving said first transmission signal, an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, said first and second divided transmission signals are output at first and second divider outputs of said quadrature hybrid, said first relative phase shift is such that said first divided transmission signal lags said second divided transmission signal by said first relative phase shift.

40. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 39 wherein said signal divider/combiner is a quadrature hybrid introducing said second relative phase shift and having an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, two ports for receiving said first and second divided transmission output signals, said second relative phase shift introduced into said second divided transmission output signal is such that said second divided transmission output signal lags said first divided transmission output signal by said second relative phase shift such that:

said first and second divided transmission output signals are constructively combined at said common port to output said portion of the first transmission signal; and

said second transmission signal, when present, and simultaneously received at said common port is divided into said third and fourth divided transmission signals having said second relative phase shift, and said fourth divided transmission signal lags said third divided transmission signal by said second relative phase shift.

41. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 40 wherein said signal combiner is a quadrature hybrid having an isolated port with a termination applied thereto, two ports for receiving said first and second transmission leakage signals, said first transmission leakage signal lags said second transmission leakage signal by said third relative phase shift, and said first and second leakage transmission signals are combined at said isolated port and dissipated in said termination.

42. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 38 wherein said portion of said first transmission signal delivered to said common port is in a range of 0.2 dB to 4.0 dB lower than an amplitude level of said first transmission signal at said transmission signal input.

43. The electromagnetic signal routing assembly of claim 42 wherein said portion of said second transmission signal delivered to said transmission signal output is in a range of 6.0 dB to 40.0 dB lower than an amplitude level of said second transmission signal delivered at said common port.

44. An electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions, comprising:

a transmission signal input for receiving first transmission signal;

a common port for outputting a portion of said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and simultaneously receiving a second transmission signal;

a transmission signal output for outputting a portion of said second transmission signal;

a signal divider receiving said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and dividing said first transmission signal into first and second divided transmission signals having amplitudes within a first amplitude range of each other find a first relative phase shift therebetween;

first and second routing devices each having at least first, second and third ports, said first and second routing devices being configured to simultaneously deliver a signal at said first port to said second port and another signal at said second port to said third port, wherein;

s21 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said second port;

s32 is a transmission coefficient from said second port to said third;

s31 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said third port;

said s21 is greater than said s31; and

said s32 is greater than said s31;

said first routing device having said first divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said first routing device and simultaneously producing;

a first divided transmission output signal at said second port of said first routing device; and

a first transmission leakage signal at said third port of said first routing device, each resultant from said first divided transmission signal;

said first routing device also having a third divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said first routing device and producing, simultaneously with said first divided transmission output signal and said first transmission leakage signal, a third divided transmission output signal at said third port of said first routing device resultant from said third divided transmission signal;

said second routing device having said second divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said second routing device and simultaneously producing;

a second divided transmission output signal at said second port of said second routing device; and

a second transmission leakage signal at said third port of said second routing device,

each resultant from said second divided transmission signal;

said second routing device also having a fourth divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said second routing device and producing, simultaneously with said second divided transmission output signal and said second transmission leakage signal, a fourth divided transmission output signal at said third port of said second routing device resultant from said fourth divided transmission signal;

a first modulator disposed to receive said first divided transmission signal, modulate said first divided transmission signal, and apply said first divided transmission signal, after modulation thereof, to said first port of said first routing device;

a second modulator disposed to receive said second divided transmission signal, modulate said second divided transmission signal, and apply said second divided transmission signal, after modulation thereof, to said first port of said second routing device

a signal divider/combiner having;

first and second divider/combiner ports for receiving said first and second divided transmission output signals and a configuration for combining these signals at levels within a second relative amplitude range and with a second relative phase shift therebetween to output said portion of said first transmission signal to said common port; and

said configuration being such that said second transmission signal, when present and received at said common port, said second transmission signal is divided into said third and fourth divided transmission signals having amplitudes within said second relative amplitude range and with said second relative phase shift therebetween; and

a signal combiner having first and second combiner inputs for receiving said first and second transmission leakage signals and, when present, for receiving said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, said signal combiner including said transmission signal output, and said signal combiner being configured to introduce a third relative phase shift into signals applied to at least one of said first and second combiner inputs and combine signals applied to said first and second combiner inputs at said transmission signal output at levels within a third amplitude range such that;

said first and second transmission leakage signals arrive at said transmission signal output at levels within an amplitude tolerance range and a total relative phase shift therebetween within a phase tolerance range situated about 180 degrees to effect a destructive combination resulting in at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals at said transmission signal output; and

said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, when present, arrive at said transmission signal output to effect a constructive combination of said third and fourth divided transmission output signals to output a portion of said second transmission signal at said transmission signal output.

45. An electromagnetic signal routing assembly for effecting two way duplex transmissions, comprising:

a transmission signal input for receiving first transmission signal;

a common port for outputting a portion of said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and simultaneously receiving a second transmission signal;

a transmission signal output for outputting a portion of said second transmission signal;

a signal divider receiving said first transmission signal from said transmission signal input and dividing said first transmission signal into first and second divided transmission signals having amplitudes within a first amplitude range of each other and a first relative phase shift therebetween;

first and second routing devices each having at least first, second and third ports, said first and second routing devices being configured to simultaneously deliver a signal at said first port to said second port and another signal at said second port to said third port, wherein;

s21 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said second port;

s32 is a transmission coefficient from said second port to said third;

s31 is a transmission coefficient from said first port to said third port;

said s21 is greater than said s31; and

said s32 is greater than said s31;

said first and second routing devices each be a duplexing filter;

said first routing device having said first divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said first routing device and simultaneously producing;

a first divided transmission output signal at said second port of said first routing device; and

a first transmission leakage signal at said third port of said first routing device,

each resultant from said first divided transmission signal;

said first routing device also having a third divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said first routing device and producing, simultaneously with said first divided transmission output signal and said first transmission leakage signal, a third divided transmission output signal at said third port of said first routing device resultant from said third divided transmission signal;

said second routing device having said second divided transmission signal applied to said first port of said second routing device and simultaneously producing;

a second divided transmission output signal at said second port of said second routing device; and

a second transmission leakage signal at said third port of said second routing device,

each resultant from said second divided transmission signal;

said second routing device also having a fourth divided transmission signal, when present, applied to said second port of said second routing device and producing, simultaneously with said second divided transmission output signal and said second transmission leakage signal, a fourth divided transmission output signal at said third port of said second routing device resultant from said fourth divided transmission signal;

a signal divider/combiner having;

first and second divider/combiner ports for receiving said first and second divided transmission output signals and a configuration for combining these signals at levels within a second relative amplitude range and with a second relative phase shift therebetween to output said portion of said first transmission signal to said common port; and

said configuration being such that said second transmission signal, when present and received at said common port, said second transmission signal is divided into said third and fourth divided transmission signals having amplitudes within said second relative amplitude range and with said second relative phase shift therebetween; and

a signal combiner having first and second combiner inputs for receiving said first and second transmission leakage signals and, when present, for receiving said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, said signal combiner including said transmission signal output, and said signal combiner being configured to introduce a third relative phase shift into signals applied to at least one of said first and second combiner inputs and combine signals applied to said first and second combiner inputs at said transmission signal output at levels within a third amplitude range such that;

said first and second transmission leakage signals arrive at said transmission signal output at levels within an amplitude tolerance range and a total relative phase shift therebetween within a phase tolerance range situated about 180 degrees to effect a destructive combination resulting in at least partial cancellation of said first and second transmission leakage signals at said transmission signal output; and

said third and fourth divided transmission output signals, when present, arrive at said transmission signal output to effect a constructive combination of said third and fourth divided transmission output signals to output a portion of said second transmission signal at said transmission signal output.