Nanowire based plasmonics
First Claim
1. A detector for detecting electromagnetic radiation and charged particles comprising:
- an inner material;
an outer material surrounding said inner material;
a one-dimensional plasma in the detector having a confined charge at quasi-equilibrium,Schottky contacts associated with at least one of said inner and outer materials, wherein said Schottky contacts are located at ends of the confined charge;
wherein the detector is tuned to a resonant frequency by modulating the composition and the band-gap along a detector length andwherein said one-dimensional plasma forms a collective response.
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Abstract
Nanoscaled, tunable detector devices for ultrasensitive detection of terahertz (THz) radiation based on the fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) plasma devices having clouds of strongly correlated and spatially confined electronic charge carriers are disclosed. These one-dimensional collective excitations (“plasmons”) are realized using coaxial semiconducting core-shell nanowires or by electrostatically confining a two dimensional charge to one dimension. By exploiting the properties of plasmons confined to reduced dimensions and under a selected device configuration, conventional limitations on carrier drift and transit times that dictate the speed and sensitivity of transistors can be circumvented, and detector sensitivity can be improved. 1D devices with sub-picosecond response times will be important for a range of applications in diverse areas such as remote sensing and imaging, molecular spectroscopy, biotechnology, and in a range of the spectrum that has been difficult to detect. In addition to electromagnetic radiation these devices can be used as detectors of charged particle perturbations.
21 Citations
9 Claims
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1. A detector for detecting electromagnetic radiation and charged particles comprising:
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an inner material; an outer material surrounding said inner material; a one-dimensional plasma in the detector having a confined charge at quasi-equilibrium, Schottky contacts associated with at least one of said inner and outer materials, wherein said Schottky contacts are located at ends of the confined charge; wherein the detector is tuned to a resonant frequency by modulating the composition and the band-gap along a detector length and wherein said one-dimensional plasma forms a collective response. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A detector for detecting electromagnetic radiation and charged particles comprising:
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a core comprised of a first material; a shell comprised of a second material; reflective ends; a one-dimensional plasma having a confined charge at quasi-equilibrium in the shell; Schottky contacts directly contacting said core; wherein an energy gap of the core is periodically spatially modulated to tune to a resonant frequency; and wherein said first material is a wider-gap material than said second material.
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9. A detector for detecting electromagnetic radiation and charged particles comprising:
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an inner material; an outer material surrounding said inner material; a one-dimensional plasma in the detector having a confined charge, wherein said one-dimensional plasma collectively carries negative or positive charge; Schottky contacts associated with at least one of said inner and outer materials wherein said Schottky contacts are located at ends of the confined charge; and wherein the core has a sinusoidal variation in composition to adjust said resonant frequency by controlling charge carrier density.
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Specification