Automated electric vehicle charging system and method

• US 8,169,186 B1
• Filed: 08/19/2011
• Issued: 05/01/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/19/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Interim Design, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Interim Design, Inc.
• Inventors: Haddad, Joseph C., Lysak, Daniel B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Assouad, Patrick
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chung, Steve T
• Application Number:
  US13/213,630
• Publication Number:
  US 20120126748A1
• Time in Patent Office: 256 Days
• Field of Search: 320/104, 320/108, 320/109, 180/14.3, 180/205.1, 307/149, 307/150, 340/426.16, 340/933, 340/935, 340/988, 340/991, 701/24, 701/32, 701/201, 701/213
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/37 using optical position determination, e.g. using cameras
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A system and method for charging an electric vehicle includes identifying vehicle information corresponding to the electric vehicle based on an electronic image of the electric vehicle, retrieving from an electronically stored local database a location of a charging port on the electric vehicle based on the vehicle information, robotically moving a charging connector according to the retrieved location to engage the charging port of the electric vehicle, querying the local database to determine whether a current time corresponds to an energy efficient usage time based on energy efficient usage data received from a power grid, and initiating a charging process upon determining that the current time corresponds to the energy efficient usage time.

Claims

1. A method of charging an electric vehicle, comprising:

identifying vehicle information corresponding to the electric vehicle based on an electronic image of the electric vehicle;

retrieving from an electronically stored local database a location of a charging port on the electric vehicle based on the vehicle information;

robotically moving a charging connector according to the retrieved location to engage the charging port of the electric vehicle;

querying the local database to determine whether a current time corresponds to an energy efficient usage time based on energy efficient usage data received from a power grid; and

initiating a charging process upon determining that the current time corresponds to the energy efficient usage time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the energy efficient usage data is based on fluctuations in demand for electrical energy at the power grid.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

re-querying the power grid or the local database at specified time intervals during the charging process; and

suspending the charging process upon determining that the current time does not correspond to the energy efficient usage time.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

updating the local database by querying the power grid at specified time intervals.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

updating the local database automatically upon detecting a change at the power grid.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

setting a charging profile, wherein the battery is charged based on the charging profile.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the charging profile is a fast charging profile, and the battery is charged when the current time corresponds to either the energy efficient usage time or an energy inefficient usage time.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the charging profile is an economical profile, and the battery is charged only when the current time corresponds to the energy efficient usage time.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the charging profile is a balanced profile having a charge level threshold, the battery is charged when the current time corresponds to either the energy efficient usage time or an energy inefficient usage time while a charge level of the battery is below the charge level threshold, and the battery is charged only when the current time corresponds to the energy efficient usage time while the charge level of the battery is above the charge level threshold.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the charging profile is a balanced profile having a price threshold, the battery is charged when the current time corresponds to either the energy efficient usage time or an energy inefficient usage time while a price of electrical energy does not exceed the price threshold, and the battery is not charged when the current time corresponds to either the energy efficient usage time or the energy inefficient usage time while the price of electrical energy exceeds the price threshold.

11. A method for charging an electric vehicle, comprising:

identifying vehicle information corresponding to the electric vehicle based on an electronic image of the electric vehicle;

retrieving from an electronically stored database a location of a charging port on the electric vehicle based on the vehicle information; and

robotically moving a charging connector according to the retrieved location to engage the charging port of the electric vehicle to charge a battery.

12. The method of claim 11, further including querying the database to determine whether a current time corresponds to an energy efficient usage time based on efficient energy usage data received from a power grid;

and

initiating a charging process upon determining that the current time falls within a period of energy efficient usage time.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

acquiring a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) images of a field of view;

determining whether the electric vehicle has entered the field of view based on an analysis of the plurality of images;

extracting a plurality of features of the electric vehicle from each image; and

tracking a position and pose of the electric vehicle while the electric vehicle is in motion using the extracted features.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

constructing a three-dimensional (3D) model of the electric vehicle using the plurality of 2D images, wherein

identifying the vehicle information is based on a comparison of features in the 3D model of the electric vehicle with corresponding features in a plurality of 3D vehicle model candidates stored in the database.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

rotating each of a plurality of three-dimensional (3D) vehicle model candidates stored in the database to match a pose of the electric vehicle in each of the plurality of 2D images; and

converting each rotated 3D vehicle model candidate to a 2D vehicle model candidate,

wherein identifying the vehicle information is based on a comparison of features in each of the 2D plurality of images with corresponding features in each 2D vehicle model candidate.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the position and pose of the electric vehicle are different in each of the plurality of 2D images, and the position and pose of the electric vehicle in each image are used to identify the vehicle information.

17. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

acquiring an additional plurality of 2D images, wherein the additional plurality of 2D images have a viewpoint different from the plurality of 2D images of the field of view, and include the charging connector and the charging port;

verifying the location of the charging port on the electric vehicle using the additional plurality of 2D images; and

guiding the charging connector towards the charging port using the additional plurality of 2D images.

18. A system for charging an electric vehicle, comprising:

a first camera, configured to acquire an electronic image of the electric vehicle;

an electronic database;

a processor, configured to identify vehicle information corresponding to the electric vehicle based on the electronic image of the electric vehicle, and retrieve from the electronic database a location of a charging port on the electric vehicle based on the vehicle information; and

a robotic arm, configured to move a charging connector according to the retrieved location to engage the charging port of the electric vehicle to charge a battery.

19. The system of claim 18, further comprising:

a communication device, configured to query the electronic database to determine whether a current time corresponds to a period of low electrical demand or a period of high electrical demand based on fluctuations in demand for electrical energy at the power grid.

20. The system of claim 18, further comprising:

a second camera disposed on the robotic arm, wherein

the first camera is further configured to acquire a plurality of images of a field of view,

the processor is further configured to determine whether the electric vehicle has entered the field of view based on an analysis of the plurality of images, extract a plurality of features of the electric vehicle from each image, and track a position and pose of the electric vehicle while the electric vehicle is in motion using the extracted features, and

the second camera is configured to acquire an additional plurality of images, wherein the additional plurality of images have a viewpoint different from the plurality of images of the field of view and include the charging connector and the charging port, and are used to verify the location of the charging port on the electric vehicle and guide the charging connector towards the charging port.