Digitally controlled phase interpolator circuit

• US 8,170,150 B2
• Filed: 03/21/2008
• Issued: 05/01/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 03/21/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Broadcom Corporation (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Singh, Ullas
• Primary Examiner(s): Payne, David C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, LEON VIET Q
• Application Number:
  US12/052,946
• Publication Number:
  US 20090238307A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,502 Days
• Field of Search: 327/156, 327/165, 330/147, 330/253, 330/257, 330/260, 375/324, 375/328, 375/332, 375/365, 375/371
• US Class Current: 375/332
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2005/00052 by mixing the outputs of fixed delayed signals with each other or with the input signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 5/135 by the use of time reference signals, e.g. clock signals

Abstract

Digitally controlled phase interpolator circuit. A phase selection control word undergoes decoding to generate a switch control word. The phase selection control word includes 2 quadrant indicating bits and phase interpolating bits for a 4 clock scheme (e.g., 4 clocks having phases 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°). Such a phase selection control word could includes 3 sector indicating bits and phase interpolating bits for an 8 clock scheme (e.g., 8 clocks having phases 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315°). The gates of a number of differential pairs of transistors receive the various clock signals. A number of switching circuits direct current from corresponding current sources/supplies to coupled sources of the differential pairs of transistors, and an output clock is taken from coupled drains of the differential pairs of transistors. One or more current sources/supplies can be implemented to provide continuous current (e.g., in an always on manner) to the differential pairs of transistors.

Claims

1. An apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of differential pairs of transistors such that gates of each differential pair of transistors for receiving a respective differential input clock signal, sources of each differential pair of transistors connected, and drains of each differential pair of transistors for outputting a differential output clock signal;

a plurality of switches for selectively enabling a plurality of current supplies to supply current respectively to connected sources of at least one selected transistor of the plurality of differential transistors based on a plurality of control words such that each of the plurality of switch control words corresponding to one of the plurality of switches, wherein each of the plurality of switch control words being respectively generated from 2 quadrant indicating bits and one respective phase interpolating bit; and

at least one additional current supply for continuously supplying at least one additional current to connected sources of at least one of the plurality of differential transistors.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the plurality of switch control words including a first switch control word and a second switch control word; and

further comprising;

a plurality of decoders for;

processing the 2 quadrant indicating bits and a first phase interpolating bit thereby generating the first switch control word; and

processing the 2 quadrant indicating bits and a second phase interpolating bit thereby generating the second switch control word.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein:

a plurality of phase interpolating bits including N bits including the first phase interpolating bit and the second first phase interpolating bit;

the plurality of decoders including N decoders; and

each decoder of the N decoders respectively processing only one bit of the N bits of the plurality of phase interpolating bits.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

a first subset of the plurality of switches selectively enabling a first current supply to supply first current respectively to connected sources of a first at least one selected transistor of the plurality of differential transistors based on a first switch control word; and

a second subset of the plurality of switches selectively enabling a second current supply to supply second current respectively to connected sources of a second at least one selected transistor of the plurality of differential transistors based on a second switch control word.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a plurality of switching circuits including the plurality of switches; and

wherein;

the plurality of differential pairs of transistors including 4 differential pairs of transistors;

each of the plurality of switching circuits respectively including 4 switches;

each one of the 4 respective switches within each respective switching circuit connected respectively to connected sources of one of the 4 differential pairs of transistors.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

first respective drains of each differential pair of transistors connected for outputting a first leg of the differential output clock signal; and

second respective drains of each differential pair of transistors connected for outputting a second leg of the differential output clock signal.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the plurality of differential pairs of transistors including 4 differential pairs of transistors;

gates of a first of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a first differential input clock signal;

gates of a second of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a second differential input clock signal;

gates of a third of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a third differential input clock signal; and

gates of a fourth of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a fourth differential input clock signal.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein:

the third differential input clock signal generated by switching a polarity of the first differential input clock signal; and

the fourth differential input clock signal generated by switching a polarity of the second differential input clock signal.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the plurality of switch control words including a first switch control word and a second switch control word; and

each of the first switch control word and the second switch control word including a same number of bits.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the apparatus being a communication device; and

the communication device being operative within at least one of a satellite communication system, a wireless communication system, a wired communication system, and a fiber-optic communication system.

11. An apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of differential pairs of transistors such that gates of each differential pair of transistors for receiving a respective differential input clock signal, sources of each differential pair of transistors connected, and drains of each differential pair of transistors for outputting a differential output clock signal;

a first plurality of switches for selectively enabling a first current supply to supply first current respectively to connected sources of a first at least one selected transistor of the plurality of differential transistors based on a first switch control word based on 2 quadrant indicating bits and a first phase interpolating bit;

a second plurality of switches for selectively enabling a second current supply to supply second current respectively to connected sources of a second at least one selected transistor of the plurality of differential transistors based on a second switch control word based on the 2 quadrant indicating bits and a second phase interpolating bit; and

a third current supply for continuously supplying third current to connected sources of at least one of the plurality of differential transistors.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:

a plurality of decoders for;

processing the 2 quadrant indicating bits and a first phase interpolating bit thereby generating the first switch control word; and

processing the 2 quadrant indicating bits and a second phase interpolating bit thereby generating the second switch control word.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein:

a plurality of phase interpolating bits including N bits including the first phase interpolating bit and the second first phase interpolating bit;

the plurality of decoders including N decoders; and

each decoder of the N decoders respectively processing only one bit of the N bits of the plurality of phase interpolating bits.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:

a plurality of switching circuits including the plurality of switches; and

wherein;

the plurality of differential pairs of transistors including 4 differential pairs of transistors;

each of the plurality of switching circuits respectively including 4 switches;

each one of the 4 respective switches within each respective switching circuit connected respectively to connected sources of one of the 4 differential pairs of transistors.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein:

first respective drains of each differential pair of transistors connected for outputting a first leg of the differential output clock signal; and

second respective drains of each differential pair of transistors connected for outputting a second leg of the differential output clock signal.

16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein:

the plurality of differential pairs of transistors including 4 differential pairs of transistors;

gates of a first of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a first differential input clock signal;

gates of a second of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a second differential input clock signal;

gates of a third of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a third differential input clock signal; and

gates of a fourth of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a fourth differential input clock signal.

17. An apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of decoders for;

processing 2 quadrant indicating bits and a first phase interpolating bit thereby generating a first switch control word; and

processing the 2 quadrant indicating bits and a second phase interpolating bit thereby generating a second switch control word having a same number of bits as the first switch control word;

a plurality of differential pairs of transistors such that gates of each differential pair of transistors for receiving a respective differential input clock signal, sources of each differential pair of transistors connected, and drains of each differential pair of transistors for outputting a differential output clock signal;

a first plurality of switches for selectively enabling a first current supply to supply first current respectively to connected sources of a first at least one selected transistor of the plurality of differential transistors based on the first switch control word;

a second plurality of switches for selectively enabling a second current supply to supply second current respectively to connected sources of a second at least one selected transistor of the plurality of differential transistors based on the second switch control word; and

a third current supply for continuously supplying third current to connected sources of at least one of the plurality of differential transistors.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein:

a plurality of phase interpolating bits including N bits including the first phase interpolating bit and the second first phase interpolating bit;

the plurality of decoders including N decoders; and

each decoder of the N decoders respectively processing only one bit of the N bits of the plurality of phase interpolating bits.

19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein:

the plurality of differential pairs of transistors including 4 differential pairs of transistors;

gates of a first of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a first differential input clock signal;

gates of a second of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a second differential input clock signal;

gates of a third of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a third differential input clock signal; and

gates of a fourth of the 4 differential pairs of transistors receiving a fourth differential input clock signal.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein:

the third differential input clock signal generated by switching a polarity of the first differential input clock signal; and

the fourth differential input clock signal generated by switching a polarity of the second differential input clock signal.