Deposited microarchitectured battery and manufacturing method

• US 8,231,998 B2
• Filed: 03/31/2008
• Issued: 07/31/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Original Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Inventors: Sastry, Ann M., Albano, Fabio
• Primary Examiner(s): APICELLA, KARIE O
• Application Number:
  US12/059,366
• Publication Number:
  US 20080248382A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,583 Days
• Field of Search: 429/129, 429/149, 216/13
• US Class Current: 429/129
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0436 Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/13 Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/209 adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells H01M50/216 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/40 Printed batteries , e.g. thin film batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A battery includes a first portion including a substrate having formed thereon a current collector and an anode electrode material. A second portion is formed on a substrate and includes a current collector and a cathode electrode material. The first portion is joined to the second portion and a separator is disposed between the first portion and the second portion as joined to separate the anode electrode material from the cathode electrode material. An electrolyte is placed in contact with the anode electrode material, the cathode electrode material and the separator.

Claims

1. A method of making a battery comprising:

etching or ablating a portion of a first substrate to form a first cavity within the first substrate;

disposing within the first cavity a current collector material and an anode electrode material;

etching or ablating a portion of a second substrate to form a second cavity within the second substrate that is different than the first substrate;

disposing within the second cavity a current collector material and a cathode electrode material; and

providing a separator between the first substrate and the second substrate to separate the anode electrode material from the cathode electrode material.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

forming a channel in one or both of the first and second substrates; and

providing an electrolyte through the channel to be in contact with the anode electrode material, the cathode electrode material, and the separator.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein etching or ablating the portion of the first substrate and etching or ablating the portion of the second substrate include etching with or without masking, or ablation via application of a laser.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein disposing the anode and cathode materials includes use of chemical vapor deposition, plasma vapor deposition, chemical fluid deposition, electroplating, sintering, or sputtering.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first section and the second section, are joined by bonding the first substrate and the second substrate.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first substrate is a unitary body and the first cavity is formed in the unitary body of the first substrate, and the second substrate is a unitary body and the second cavity is formed in the unitary body of the second substrate.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first substrate includes an upper surface and a lower surface, the first cavity being formed by etching from the first surface toward the lower surface.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the anode electrode material and the cathode electrode material comprises a porous microstructure.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second substrate comprises glass, the first cavity and the second cavity being formed by etching or ablating the glass.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the glass comprises silicon oxide.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the anode electrode material comprises a material selected from zinc, lithium metal (Li), graphite (C), meso carbon micro beads (MCMB), other carbon intercalation compounds, or a combination thereof.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the cathode electrode material comprises a material selected from the group including silver oxide, lithium manganese oxide (LiMn₂O₄), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄), LiNi_xCO_yAl_zO₂, LiNi_xCO_yMn_zO₂, and a combination thereof.

13. The method of claim 2, wherein the electrolyte comprises a material selected from potassium hydroxide (KOH), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), propylene carbonate (PC), or any electrolyte that conducts ions and is electrically neutral.

14. The method of claim 2, wherein the channel is formed in one or both of the first and second substrates by micromachine drilling or chemical drilling.