Educational device for simulating addictive behavior and method of using

• US 8,272,875 B1
• Filed: 10/13/1999
• Issued: 09/25/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 03/09/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Realityworks, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Realityworks, Inc.
• Inventors: Jurmain, Richard N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Utama, Robert J
• Application Number:
  US09/417,227
• Time in Patent Office: 4,731 Days
• Field of Search: 131/270, 434/262, 434/238, 434/236, 600/72
• US Class Current: 434/236
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 19/00 Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying F41G3/26
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/50 for simulation or modelling of medical disorders
• CPC Class Codes: G16Z 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass

Abstract

An addiction simulator for use in an educational program, operable for (i) periodically requesting simulated addictive behavior, (ii) receiving a satisfaction signal from an assigned individual in response to a generated request, representing consumption of an amount of addictant in limited supply, and (iii) refusing acceptance of a satisfaction signal when the supply of addictant has been exhausted. The duration of the interval between requests can based upon a physiological characteristic of the assigned individual.

Claims

1. An addiction simulator for use in an educational program for simulating addictive behavior effected by addiction to an addictant without means for dispensing of the addictant, comprising:

(a) an enclosure; and

(b) an addictive behavior simulation system within the enclosure for periodically requesting simulated addictive behavior, including at least;

(i) a means for generating a perceptible addictant demand signal;

(ii) an interval timer in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means for initiating generation of the addictant demand signal at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of the development of tolerance for the requested addictant; and

(iii) an inventory control system comprising an electronic circuit effective for;

(A) generating an initial addictant inventory value;

(B) detecting a request for addictant from an assigned individual in response to a generated addictant demand signal, including detection of the amount of addictant requested;

(C) decrementing the addictant inventory value in response to a detected request for addictant by the amount of addictant requested when the inventory value is greater than the amount of addictant requested; and

(D) generating a perceptible refusal signal in response to a detected request for addictant when the addictant inventory value is less than the amount of addictant requested.

6. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message indicating the occurrence of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the perceptible involuntary action indication generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of the onset and development of involuntary addiction-induced physical side-effects.

9. The addiction simulator of claim 6 wherein the perceptible involuntary action indicating means includes a speaker for creating an audible message indicating at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

12. The addiction simulator of claim 6 wherein the perceptible involuntary action message indicating means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message indicating the occurrence of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action.

15. The addiction simulator of claim 12 wherein the alphanumeric display is effective for creating a visual representation of at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

18. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message demanding that an assigned individual simulate an involuntary addiction-induced physical action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the perceptible involuntary action demand generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of the onset and development of involuntary addiction-induced physical side-effects.

21. The addiction simulator of claim 18 wherein the perceptible involuntary action demanding means includes a speaker for creating an audible demand message selected from a command to simulate coughing and a command to simulate vomiting.

24. The addiction simulator of claim 18 wherein the perceptible involuntary action demanding means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message directing the assigned individual to simulate an involuntary addiction-induced physical action.

27. The addiction simulator of claim 24 wherein the alphanumeric display is effective for creating a visual representation of at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

30. The addiction simulator of claim 18 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises a means for receiving an involuntary action completion signal from an assigned individual in response to generation of a perceptible message demanding simulation of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action and either (A) recording receipt of the involuntary action completion signal for subsequent review or (B) terminating continued or repetitive generation of the perceptible involuntary action demand message.

33. The addiction simulator of claim 30 wherein the involuntary action completion signal is a signal generated by actual audible performance of the demanded involuntary addiction-induced action.

36. The addiction simulator of claim 30 wherein the demanded involuntary action is selected from coughing and vomiting.

39. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message indicating the occurrence of a voluntary addiction-induced action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the voluntary action indication generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of an increase in voluntary activity devoted to the simulated addiction due to the simulated development of a tolerance for the addictant.

42. The addiction simulator of claim 39 wherein the perceptible voluntary action indicating means includes a speaker for creating an audible message representing the payment of money.

45. The addiction simulator of claim 39 wherein the voluntary action indicating means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message representing the payment of money.

48. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a message demanding that an assigned individual simulate a voluntary addiction-induced action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the voluntary action demand generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of an increase in voluntary activity devoted to the simulated addiction due to the simulated development of a tolerance for the addictant.

50. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a message demanding that an assigned individual simulate a voluntary addiction-induced action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the voluntary action demand generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of an increase in voluntary activity devoted to the simulated addiction due to the simulated development of a tolerance for the addictant.

51. The addiction simulator of claim 48 wherein the voluntary action demanding means includes a speaker for creating an audible demand to pay money.

53. The addiction simulator of claim 50 wherein the voluntary action demanding means includes a speaker for creating an audible demand to pay money.

54. The addiction simulator of claim 48 wherein the voluntary action demanding means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible demand to pay money.

56. The addiction simulator of claim 50 wherein the voluntary action demanding means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible demand to pay money.

57. The addiction simulator of claim 48 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises a means for receiving a voluntary action completion signal from an assigned individual in response to generation of a message demanding simulation of a voluntary action signal and either (A) recording receipt of the voluntary action completion signal for subsequent review or (B) terminating continued or repetitive generation of the involuntary action demand message.

59. The addiction simulator of claim 50 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises a means for receiving a voluntary action completion signal from an assigned individual in response to generation of a message demanding simulation of a voluntary action signal and either (A) recording receipt of the voluntary action completion signal for subsequent review or (B) terminating continued or repetitive generation of the involuntary action demand message.

60. The addiction simulator of claim 57 wherein the voluntary action completion signal is a signal generated by actual simulated performance of the demanded voluntary addiction-induced action.

62. The addiction simulator of claim 59 wherein the voluntary action completion signal is a signal generated by actual simulated performance of the demanded voluntary addiction-induced action.

63. The addiction simulator of claim 60 wherein the demanded voluntary action is the payment of money and the means for receiving the voluntary action completion signal includes (A) a slot through the enclosure configured and arranged to permit the introduction of an object representative of money and (B) a momentary contact switch mounted adjacent the slot so as to sense the introduction of the object into the slot and generate the voluntary action completion signal upon sensing of the object by the momentary contact switch.

65. The addiction simulator of claim 62 wherein the demanded voluntary action is the payment of money and the means for receiving the voluntary action completion signal includes (A) a slot through the enclosure configured and arranged to permit the introduction of an object representative of money and (B) a momentary contact switch mounted adjacent the slot so as to sense the introduction of the object into the slot and generate the voluntary action completion signal upon sensing of the object by the momentary contact switch.

78. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the addictant is nicotine.

81. The addiction simulator of claim 78 wherein the enclosure has the approximate size and shape of a cigarette package.

84. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes a speaker for generating an audible addictant demand signal.

87. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes a vibrator for generating a tactile addictant demand signal.

90. The addiction simulator of claim 1 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible addictant demand signal.

2. An addiction simulator for use in an educational program for simulating addictive behavior effected by addiction to an addictant without means for dispensing of the addictant, comprising:

(a) an enclosure; and

(b) an addictive behavior simulation system within the enclosure for periodically requesting simulated addictive behavior, including at least;

(i) a means for periodically generating a continuous or repetitive perceptible addictant demand signal;

(ii) a means for receiving a satisfaction signal from an assigned individual in response to a generated perceptible addictant demand signal;

(iii) a means in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means and the satisfaction signal receiving means for terminating continued or repetitive generation of the perceptible addictant demand signal upon receipt of the satisfaction signal, and

(iv) an inventory control system comprising an electronic circuit effective for;

(A) generating an initial addictant inventory value;

(B) detecting a request for addictant from an assigned individual in response to a generated addictant demand signal, including detection of the amount of addictant requested;

(C) decrementing the addictant inventory value in response to a detected request for addictant by the amount of addictant requested when the inventory value is greater than the amount of addictant requested; and

(D) generating a perceptible refusal signal in response to a detected request for addictant when the addictant inventory value is less than the amount of addictant requested.

4. The addiction simulator of claim 2 further comprising a means in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means and the satisfaction signal receiving means for recording data indicative of the time interval between generation of the addictant demand signal and receipt of the satisfaction signal for subsequent review.

7. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message indicating the occurrence of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the perceptible involuntary action indication generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of the onset and development of involuntary addiction-induced physical side-effects.

10. The addiction simulator of claim 7 wherein the perceptible involuntary action indicating means includes a speaker for creating an audible message indicating at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

13. The addiction simulator of claim 7 wherein the perceptible involuntary action message indicating means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message indicating the occurrence of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action.

16. The addiction simulator of claim 13 wherein the alphanumeric display is effective for creating a visual representation of at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

19. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message demanding that an assigned individual simulate an involuntary addiction-induced physical action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the perceptible involuntary action demand generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of the onset and development of involuntary addiction-induced physical side-effects.

22. The addiction simulator of claim 19 wherein the perceptible involuntary action demanding means includes a speaker for creating an audible demand message selected from a command to simulate coughing and a command to simulate vomiting.

25. The addiction simulator of claim 19 wherein the perceptible involuntary action demanding means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message directing the assigned individual to simulate an involuntary addiction-induced physical action.

28. The addiction simulator of claim 25 wherein the alphanumeric display is effective for creating a visual representation of at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

31. The addiction simulator of claim 19 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises a means for receiving an involuntary action completion signal from an assigned individual in response to generation of a perceptible message demanding simulation of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action and either (A) recording receipt of the involuntary action completion signal for subsequent review or (B) terminating continued or repetitive generation of the perceptible involuntary action demand message.

34. The addiction simulator of claim 31 wherein the involuntary action completion signal is a signal generated by actual audible performance of the demanded involuntary addiction-induced action.

37. The addiction simulator of claim 31 wherein the demanded involuntary action is selected from coughing and vomiting.

40. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message indicating the occurrence of a voluntary addiction-induced action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the voluntary action indication generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of an increase in voluntary activity devoted to the simulated addiction due to the simulated development of a tolerance for the addictant.

43. The addiction simulator of claim 40 wherein the perceptible voluntary action indicating means includes a speaker for creating an audible message representing the payment of money.

46. The addiction simulator of claim 40 wherein the voluntary action indicating means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message representing the payment of money.

49. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a message demanding that an assigned individual simulate a voluntary addiction-induced action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the voluntary action demand generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of an increase in voluntary activity devoted to the simulated addiction due to the simulated development of a tolerance for the addictant.

52. The addiction simulator of claim 49 wherein the voluntary action demanding means includes a speaker for creating an audible demand to pay money.

55. The addiction simulator of claim 49 wherein the voluntary action demanding means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible demand to pay money.

58. The addiction simulator of claim 49 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises a means for receiving a voluntary action completion signal from an assigned individual in response to generation of a message demanding simulation of a voluntary action signal and either (A) recording receipt of the voluntary action completion signal for subsequent review or (B) terminating continued or repetitive generation of the involuntary action demand message.

61. The addiction simulator of claim 58 wherein the voluntary action completion signal is a signal generated by actual simulated performance of the demanded voluntary addiction-induced action.

64. The addiction simulator of claim 61 wherein the demanded voluntary action is the payment of money and the means for receiving the voluntary action completion signal includes (A) a slot through the enclosure configured and arranged to permit the introduction of an object representative of money and (B) a momentary contact switch mounted adjacent the slot so as to sense the introduction of the object into the slot and generate the voluntary action completion signal upon sensing of the object by the momentary contact switch.

66. The addiction simulator of claim 2 further comprising an interval timer in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means for initiating generation of the addictant demand signal at intervals, wherein the duration of the interval between the generation of sequential addictant demand signals is a function of at least the presence or absence of the receipt of an satisfaction signal in response to a previous addictant demand signal.

74. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the satisfaction signal is a signal generated by actual simulated performance of the introduction of the requested addictant into the body of the assigned individual.

76. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the satisfaction signal is a signal generated by actual performance of a predetermined anti-addictant activity.

79. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the addictant is nicotine.

82. The addiction simulator of claim 79 wherein the enclosure has the approximate size and shape of a cigarette package.

85. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes a speaker for generating an audible addictant demand signal.

88. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes a vibrator for generating a tactile addictant demand signal.

91. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible addictant demand signal.

93. The addiction simulator of claim 2 wherein element (b)(iii) is a means for terminating continued or repetitive generation of the perceptible addictant demand signal upon receipt of the satisfaction signal, and the terminating means is an electronic circuit.

95. The addiction simulator of claim 74 wherein the addictant is nicotine and the activity simulating introduction of the requested addictant into the body is selected from (i) inhaling or exhaling air through a breathing tube, and (ii) placing a simulated cigarette between the lips of the assigned individual.

97. The addiction simulator of claim 76 wherein the addictant is nicotine and the anti-addictant activity is speaking an anti-smoking message.

3. An addiction simulator for use in an educational program for simulating addictive behavior effected by addiction to an addictant without means for dispensing of the addictant, comprising:

(a) an enclosure; and

(b) an addictive behavior simulation system within the enclosure for periodically requesting simulated addictive behavior, including at least;

(i) a means for periodically generating a continuous or repetitive perceptible addictant demand signal;

(ii) a means for receiving a satisfaction signal from an assigned individual in response to a generated perceptible addictant demand signal;

(iii) a means in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means and the satisfaction signal receiving means for terminating continued or repetitive generation of the perceptible addictant demand signal upon receipt of the satisfaction signal, and

(iv) an interval timer in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means for initiating generation of the addictant demand signal at intervals, wherein the duration of the interval between the generation of sequential addictant demand signals is a function of at least the values of a simulated blood addictant content determined for an assigned individual, wherein the value of the simulated blood addictant content is determined at least in part by;

(A) gathering at least one physiological addictant response data point of the assigned individual;

(B) measuring passage of time since a simulated intake of addictant by the assigned individual; and

(C) periodically determining the value of the simulated blood addictant content for the assigned individual as a function of at least the measured passage of time since the simulated intake of addictant and the physiological addictant response data point gathered for the assigned individual.

5. The addiction simulator of claim 3 further comprising a means in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means and the satisfaction signal receiving means for recording data indicative of the time interval between generation of the addictant demand signal and receipt of the satisfaction signal for subsequent review.

8. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message indicating the occurrence of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the perceptible involuntary action indication generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of the onset and development of involuntary addiction-induced physical side-effects.

11. The addiction simulator of claim 8 wherein the perceptible involuntary action indicating means includes a speaker for creating an audible message indicating at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

14. The addiction simulator of claim 8 wherein the perceptible involuntary action message indicating means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message indicating the occurrence of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action.

17. The addiction simulator of claim 14 wherein the alphanumeric display is effective for creating a visual representation of at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

20. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message demanding that an assigned individual simulate an involuntary addiction-induced physical action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the perceptible involuntary action demand generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of the onset and development of involuntary addiction-induced physical side-effects.

23. The addiction simulator of claim 20 wherein the perceptible involuntary action demanding means includes a speaker for creating an audible demand message selected from a command to simulate coughing and a command to simulate vomiting.

26. The addiction simulator of claim 20 wherein the perceptible involuntary action demanding means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message directing the assigned individual to simulate an involuntary addiction-induced physical action.

29. The addiction simulator of claim 26 wherein the alphanumeric display is effective for creating a visual representation of at least one action selected from coughing and vomiting.

32. The addiction simulator of claim 20 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises a means for receiving an involuntary action completion signal from an assigned individual in response to generation of a perceptible message demanding simulation of an involuntary addiction-induced physical action and either (A) recording receipt of the involuntary action completion signal for subsequent review or (B) terminating continued or repetitive generation of the perceptible involuntary action demand message.

35. The addiction simulator of claim 32 wherein the involuntary action completion signal is a signal generated by actual audible performance of the demanded involuntary addiction-induced action.

38. The addiction simulator of claim 32 wherein the demanded involuntary action is selected from coughing and vomiting.

41. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the addictive behavior simulation system further comprises:

(a) a means for generating a perceptible message indicating the occurrence of a voluntary addiction-induced action; and

(b) an interval timer in communication with the voluntary action indication generating means for initiating generation of the message at intervals selected from (A) intervals of substantially identical duration, (B) intervals of varying and patternless duration, and (C) intervals of diminishing duration representative of an increase in voluntary activity devoted to the simulated addiction due to the simulated development of a tolerance for the addictant.

44. The addiction simulator of claim 41 wherein the perceptible voluntary action indicating means includes a speaker for creating an audible message representing the payment of money.

47. The addiction simulator of claim 41 wherein the voluntary action indicating means includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible message representing the payment of money.

67. The addiction simulator of claim 3 further comprising an interval timer in communication with the addictant demand signal generating means for initiating generation of the addictant demand signal at intervals, wherein the duration of the interval between the generation of sequential addictant demand signals is a function of at least the presence or absence of the receipt of an satisfaction signal in response to a previous addictant demand signal.

68. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein (i) the simulated blood addictant content for the assigned individual is periodically calculated as a function of at least the measured passage of time since the simulated intake of addictant and the physiological addictant response data point gathered for the assigned individual, and (ii) the perceptible addictant demand signal is generated when the calculated simulated blood addictant content falls below a defined minimum threshold value.

69. The addiction simulator of claim 3 further comprising:

(D) generating a perceptible withdrawal signal when the simulated addictant blood level falls an additional defined amount below the defined minimum threshold value.

70. The addiction simulator of claim 3 further comprising:

(E) detecting the simulated intake of addictant by the assigned individual, and then (F) repeating (B) and (C) based upon timing of the simulated intake of addictant at (E).

71. The addiction simulator of claim 69 further comprising:

(E) detecting the simulated intake of addictant by the assigned individual, and then (F) repeating (B) and (C) based upon timing of the simulated intake of addictant at (E).

72. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the minimum threshold value is incrementally increased as a function of the number of times the simulated intake of addictant is detected, representative of the development of tolerance for the addictant.

73. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the value of the simulated addictant blood level concentration is further a function of the simulated amount of addictant indicated as having been taken by the assigned individual.

75. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the satisfaction signal is a signal generated by actual simulated performance of the introduction of the requested addictant into the body of the assigned individual.

77. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the satisfaction signal is a signal generated by actual performance of a predetermined anti-addictant activity.

80. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the addictant is nicotine.

83. The addiction simulator of claim 80 wherein the enclosure has the approximate size and shape of a cigarette package.

86. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes a speaker for generating an audible addictant demand signal.

89. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes a vibrator for generating a tactile addictant demand signal.

92. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein the means for generating an addictant demand signal includes an alphanumeric display for generating a visible addictant demand signal.

94. The addiction simulator of claim 3 wherein element (b)(iii) is a means for terminating continued or repetitive generation of the perceptible addictant demand signal upon receipt of the satisfaction signal, and the terminating means is an electronic circuit.

96. The addiction simulator of claim 75 wherein the addictant is nicotine and the activity simulating introduction of the requested addictant into the body is selected from (i) inhaling or exhaling air through a breathing tube, and (ii) placing a simulated cigarette between the lips of the assigned individual.

98. The addiction simulator of claim 77 wherein the addictant is nicotine and the anti-addictant activity is speaking an anti-smoking message.