Kiosk vehicle charging and selecting systems

• US 8,294,420 B2
• Filed: 12/16/2009
• Issued: 10/23/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Schneider Electric USA, Inc. (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: Schneider Electric USA, Inc. (Schneider Electric SE)
• Inventors: Kocher, Mark J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Fantu, Yalkew
• Application Number:
  US12/639,666
• Publication Number:
  US 20110074350A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,042 Days
• Field of Search: 320/107, 320/109, 320/110, 320/124
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/12 Bikes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/66 Ambient conditions
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/68 Traffic data
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/72 Charging station selection relying on external data
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/20 by driver identification
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/56 Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/32 of electricity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/34 of parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/53 Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/67 Controlling two or more charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A vehicle charging and selection system for kiosk operated electrical vehicles. The system includes a utility connected AC charging source, a battery-to-battery DC charging source, a number of vehicle charging stations, a local power bus connectable to both charging sources and each of the charging stations and a system controller connected to each of the charging stations. The system controller evaluates the vehicle battery condition of each electric vehicle connected to one of the charging stations and determines the most efficient method for charging the largest number of vehicle batteries based on current condition of the individual batteries, weather conditions, time of day, status of the utility electrical grid, etc. The system controller also selects one of the connected electric vehicles for customer use by using the battery charging information and additional information about the desired trip provided by the customer and other external data sources monitored by the system controller.

Claims

1. A charging system for kiosk operated electric vehicles, the charging system comprising:

an AC charging source connected to a utility grid system;

a battery-to-battery DC charging source;

a local power bus connected to both the AC and DC charging sources;

a plurality of charging stations, each being connected to the local power bus such that power can be received from or transmitted to the local power bus, each charging station having means for connecting to a vehicle battery of one of the kiosk operated electric vehicles; and

a system controller being connected to each of the plurality of charging stations, wherein the system controller periodically monitors the condition of the vehicle batteries of all kiosk operated electric vehicles connected to the charging stations and further monitors selected external sources, and, using the monitored information, the system controller determines a priority for charging the vehicle batteries and the AC or DC charging source to be used for charging the vehicle batteries.

2. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the monitored condition of the vehicle batteries includes a percent of charge remaining on each of the batteries of all vehicles connected to charging stations.

3. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the monitored condition of the vehicle batteries includes a temperature of each of the vehicle batteries of all vehicles connected to charging stations.

4. The charging system of claim 2, wherein the priority for charging vehicle batteries is based on the monitored charge levels of the vehicle batteries or the position of the electric vehicles in a kiosk queue, or both.

5. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of charging stations includes at least one origin kiosk and a plurality of destination kiosks, and wherein the DC charging source uses the charge from one or more vehicle batteries having a higher charge to increase the charge of one or more vehicle batteries having a lower charge to increase a number of the vehicles at the origin kiosk having sufficient vehicle battery charge to reach a majority of the destination kiosks.

6. The charging system of claim 1, wherein the monitored external sources include time of day, current weather conditions and utility grid status including high or low demand and current utility cost.

7. The charging system of claim 6, wherein the system controller selects the AC charging source for charging vehicle batteries when the grid status is low demand and low utility cost.

8. The charging system of claim 6, wherein the system controller selects the DC charging source for charging vehicle batteries when the grid status is high demand or high utility cost or the utility grid is not available, or a combination thereof.

9. The charging system of claim 6, wherein the system controller can select both the AC charging source and the DC charging source and use load leveling techniques to reduce the AC charging source'"'"'s demand on the utility grid and maintain lower utility cost when the grid status indicates that one or both of the demand or utility cost is high.

10. The charging system of claim 6, wherein the DC charging source uses the charge from one or more vehicle batteries having a lower battery charge to increase the charge of one or more vehicle batteries having a higher battery charge.

11. The charging system of claim 7, wherein the AC charging source charges a bank of backup batteries in the DC charging source.

12. The charging system of claim 11, wherein the DC charging source backup batteries can be used to charge vehicle batteries when the utility grid status is high demand, high cost or the utility grid is not available.

13. The charging system of claim 6, wherein the system controller uses the monitored battery condition, the monitored external sources, a destination kiosk selected by a vehicle user and additional external source information such as current traffic information and possible routes to the destination kiosk to select one of the kiosk vehicles for the vehicle user'"'"'s trip.

14. A vehicle charging and selecting system for kiosk operated electric vehicles, the charging and selecting system comprising:

an AC charging source connected to a utility grid system;

a battery-to-battery DC charging source;

a local power bus connected to both the AC and DC charging sources;

a plurality of charging stations, each being connected to the local power bus such that power can be received from or transmitted to the local power bus and each charging station having means for connecting to a vehicle battery of one of the kiosk vehicles for monitoring, charging, or discharging, or a combination thereof, the vehicle battery and means for receiving vehicle user input related to a trip to a desired destination kiosk; and

a system controller being connected to each of the plurality of charging stations, wherein the system controller periodically monitors the condition of the vehicle batteries of all kiosk operated electric vehicles connected to the charging stations and further monitors selected external sources, and, using the monitored information, the system controller determines a priority for charging the vehicle batteries and the AC or DC charging source to be used for charging the vehicle batteries, the system controller further uses the monitored information and the vehicle user input to select one of the kiosk vehicles having sufficient battery charge for the trip to the desired destination kiosk.

15. The charging and selecting system of claim 14, wherein the monitored condition of the vehicle batteries includes a percent of charge remaining on the vehicle battery and a vehicle battery temperature.

16. The charging and selecting system of claim 14, wherein the priority for charging vehicle batteries can be based on monitored charge levels of the vehicle batteries or the position of each of the kiosk vehicles in a kiosk queue.

17. The charging and selecting system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of charging stations includes a plurality of destination kiosks, and wherein the DC charging source uses the charge from one or more vehicle batteries having a higher charge to increase the charge of one or more vehicle batteries having a lower charge to increase a number of kiosk vehicles at the origin kiosk having sufficient vehicle battery charge to reach a majority of the destination kiosks.

18. The charging and selecting system of claim 14, wherein the monitored external sources include time of day, current weather conditions, utility grid status including high or low demand and current utility cost, current traffic conditions and possible routes to the destination kiosk.

19. The charging and selecting system of claim 18, wherein the system controller selects the AC charging source for charging vehicle batteries when the grid status is low demand and low utility cost.

20. The charging and selecting system of claim 18, wherein the system controller selects the DC charging source for charging vehicle batteries when the grid status is high demand or high utility cost or the utility grid is not available, or a combination thereof.

21. The charging and selecting system of claim 18, wherein the system controller can select both the AC charging source and the DC charging source and use load leveling techniques to reduce the AC charging source'"'"'s demand on the utility grid and maintain lower utility cost when the grid status indicates that one or both of the demand or utility cost is high.

22. The charging and selecting system of claim 14, wherein the DC charging source uses the charge from one or more vehicle batteries having a lower battery charge to increase the charge of one or more vehicle batteries having a higher battery charge.

23. The charging and selecting system of claim 14, wherein the AC charging source also charges a bank of backup batteries in the DC charging source.

24. The charging and selecting system of claim 23, wherein the DC charging source backup batteries can be used to charge vehicle batteries when the utility grid status is high demand, high cost or the utility grid is not available.

25. A method for charging a vehicle battery of a kiosk operated electric vehicle, the method comprising:

monitoring a vehicle battery condition of all of the electric vehicles connected to a kiosk charging system;

monitoring external conditions including current time, utility grid status and current weather conditions;

selecting one of an AC charging source or a DC charging source based on the utility grid status; and

selecting one or more vehicle batteries to be charged based on the monitored conditions of all vehicle batteries connected to the kiosk charging system or the location of the kiosk vehicles in a kiosk queue.

26. A method for charging and selecting a kiosk operated electric vehicle, the method comprising:

monitoring a vehicle battery condition of all of the electric vehicles connected to a kiosk charging system;

monitoring external conditions relative to the charging and discharging of the vehicle batteries;

selecting one of an AC charging source or a DC charging source based on a utility grid status;

selecting one or more vehicle batteries to be charged based on the monitored conditions of all vehicle batteries connected to the kiosk charging system or the location of the kiosk vehicles in a kiosk queue, or both;

monitoring vehicle user information concerning a selected destination kiosk; and

selecting one of the kiosk vehicles with sufficient charge for the vehicle user'"'"'s trip to the selected destination kiosk.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein the vehicle battery conditions include vehicle battery charge level and vehicle battery temperature.

28. The method of claim 26 wherein the monitored external conditions include current time, utility grid status, current weather conditions, or current traffic information, or a combination thereof.

29. The method of claim 26 wherein the grid status includes high demand, low demand, high utility cost and low utility cost.