Micro vein enhancer

• US 8,295,904 B2
• Filed: 11/02/2011
• Issued: 10/23/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 01/10/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AccuVein LLC
• Original Assignee: AccuVein LLC
• Inventors: Goldman, Ron, Hunt, David, Mock, Mark, Marshal, Graham, Conlon, Stephen P., Roth, Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): Kish, James
• Application Number:
  US13/287,223
• Publication Number:
  US 20120130221A1
• Time in Patent Office: 356 Days
• Field of Search: 600/407, 600/472, 600/473, 600/476
• US Class Current: 600/407
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3403 Needle locating or guiding means guides for suture needles A61B17/0482; guiding or tracking by nuclear magnetic resonance G01R33/285
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/366 using projection of images directly onto the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0214 of power generation or supply
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0425 Ergonomically shaped housings A61B2560/0418 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0431 Portable apparatus, e.g. comprising a handle or case
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/028 Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0037 Performing a preliminary scan, e.g. a prescan for identifying a region of interest
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0062 Arrangements for scanning
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0068 Confocal scanning
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0071 by measuring fluorescence emission
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0075 by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy A61B5/0071 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0079 using mirrors, i.e. for self-examination
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0082 adapted for particular medical purposes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/489 Blood vessels
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6824 Arm or wrist
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6831 Straps, bands or harnesses
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6887 mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/743 Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7475 User input or interface means, e.g. keyboard, pointing device, joystick
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/13 : guided by light, e.g. laser pointers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/427 : Locating point where body is to be pierced, e.g. vein location means using ultrasonic waves, injection site templates
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/46 : having means for controlling depth of insertion
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/1006 : for splitting or combining different wavelengths G02B27/1086, G02B27/141 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/50 : Depth or shape recovery

Abstract

The present invention is a Miniature Vein Enhancer that includes a Miniature Projection Head. The Miniature Projection Head may be operated in one of three modes, AFM, DBM, and RTM. The Miniature Projection Head of the present invention projects an image of the veins of a patient, which aids the practitioner in pinpointing a vein for an intravenous drip, blood test, and the like. The Miniature projection head may have a cavity for a power source or it may have a power source located in a body portion of the Miniature Vein Enhancer. The Miniature Vein Enhancer may be attached to one of several improved needle protectors, or the Miniature Vein Enhancer may be attached to a body similar to a flashlight for hand held use. The Miniature Vein Enhancer of the present invention may also be attached to a magnifying glass, a flat panel display, and the like.

Claims

1. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device capable of projecting in-focus vein images on a surface of a target to permit mobile imaging of veins, said device comprising:

a first laser configured to selectively transmit light at a first wavelength;

a scanner configured to scan said first wavelength onto said target surface in successive frames comprising complete raster patterns;

a photo detector configured to receive a reflection of said first wavelength of light from said target, said reflection of said first wavelength of light creating a contrasted image by at least a selective portion of said scanned said first wavelength of light being reflected from said target, and by a remaining portion of said scanned said first wavelength of light being absorbed by subcutaneous veins of said target;

said photo detector further configured to output an analog signal representing said contrasted image for each of said successive frames;

an analog-to-digital converter configured to receive and convert said analog signal from said photo detector and to output a digital signal therefrom as a digital image

a first image memory configured to receive and store said digital image;

a second image memory configured to receive and store said digital image from said first image memory at a rate equal to a frame rate of the scanner;

a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive and convert said digital image from said second image memory and to output a converted analog signal therefrom;

a second laser configured to receive said converted analog signal and using said converted analog signal to selectively project visible light at a second wavelength onto said target surface; and

wherein a first digital image frame is moved from said first image memory into said second image memory and a second complete raster frame of said successive frames is received by said photo detector, converted by said analog-to-digital converter, and stored in said first image memory as a digital image frame.

2. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device according to claim 1 wherein each of said successive frames comprises a grid of pixels.

3. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device according to claim 2 further comprising a sensor, said sensor configured to determine an instantaneous position of said scanner relative to said target surface;

said instantaneous position being determined, converted, and stored in said first image memory for each pixel of said grid of pixels;

said instantaneous position for each said pixel being received by said second laser to permit projecting of in-focus vein images on said target surface representing actual vein sizes and vein locations, regardless of device-to-surface distances.

4. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device according to claim 3 wherein said first wavelength is in the range of approximately 700 nm to 1000 nm.

5. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device according to claim 4 wherein said scanner comprises an electronically driven MEMS scanner.

6. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device according to claim 5 wherein said first wavelength is 740 nm and said second wavelength is 630 nm.

7. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device according to claim 4 wherein said scanner comprises a scanner from the group of scanners consisting of:

a single biaxial mirror producing said raster pattern; and

first and second mirrors each configured to pivot about one axis, wherein said transmitted light at said first wavelength is directed by said pivoting of said first mirror to bounce off of said first mirror to said second mirror, said second mirror pivoting to direct said beam toward said target to produce said raster pattern.

8. A handheld vein-image-enhancing device according to claim 7 wherein said first wavelength is 740 nm and said second wavelength is 630 nm.

9. A miniature vein enhancer, for use in enhancing a target area on a patient as part of a handheld venipuncture procedure, said miniature vein enhancer comprising:

a first laser configured to transmit light at a first wavelength;

a scanner configured to scan said transmitted light in a pattern onto the target area;

a photo detector configured to receive said scanned light reflected from said target area thereby creating a contrasted image resulting from differential absorption of said first wavelength of light;

said photo detector outputting an analog signal representing said contrasted image;

an analog-to-digital converter configured to receive and convert said analog signal from said photo detector and to output a digital signal therefrom as a digital image;

a first image memory configured to receive and store said digital image;

a second image memory configured to receive and store said digital image from said first image memory;

a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive and convert said digital image from said second image memory and to output a converted analog signal therefrom;

a second laser configured to receive and use said converted analog signal to project said contrasted image onto the target area at a second wavelength of light; and

means for mounting said miniature vein enhancer for said handheld venipuncture procedure.

10. A miniature vein enhancer according to claim 9 wherein said scanner comprises a scanner from the group of scanners consisting of:

a single biaxial mirror configured to produce said scanning pattern;

first and second mirrors each configured to pivot about one axis, with said transmitted light being directed by said pivoting of said first mirror to bounce off of said first mirror to said second mirror, said second mirror pivoting to direct said beam toward said target area to thereby produce said scanning pattern; and

a MEMS scanner configured to produce said scanning pattern.

11. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 10 wherein said first wavelength is within the infrared or near-infrared spectrum of light;

and wherein said second wavelength is within the visible spectrum of light.

12. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 11 further comprising a combiner, said combiner configured to combine said first wavelength of light from said first laser and said second wavelength of laser light from said second laser;

and wherein said combiner is further configured to transmit said combined laser light along a single optical path onto said target area.

13. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 12 further comprising:

wherein said scanner is further configured to scan said target area in successive frames each comprising a complete raster pattern;

said analog-to-digital converter is further configured to convert said complete raster frame for said contrasted image into said digital image;

a first one of said digital images of said successive frames is stored in said first image memory as a grid of pixels;

wherein said first digital image frame is moved from said first image memory into said second image memory and a second complete raster frame of said successive frames is received by said photo detector, converted by said analog-to-digital converter, and stored in said first image memory as a digital image frame.

14. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 13 further comprising a sensor, said sensor configured to determine an instantaneous position of said scanner relative to said target area;

said instantaneous position is digitally converted and stored in said first image memory for each pixel of said grid of pixels;

said instantaneous position for each said pixel being received by said second laser to permit projection of in-focus vein images on said target area representing actual vein sizes and vein locations, regardless of enhancer-to-surface distances.

15. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 14 wherein said grid of pixels comprises a grid of 1000 pixels by 1000 pixels.

16. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 15 further comprising a display screen configured to simultaneously display said converted analog signal for each of said successive frames being received by said second laser.

17. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 16 wherein said grid of pixels for each of said successive frames is projected onto said display screen to provide a non-magnified image.

18. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 17 wherein said display is further configured to detect a position of a tip of a needle and to display a predetermined number of pixels of said grid of pixels around said tip of said needle.

19. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 18 wherein said predetermined number of pixels around said tip comprises approximately a 300 by 300 pixel grid.

20. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 19 further comprising an image processor configures to allow input;

and

wherein said image processor is further configured to permit magnification of said display screen image, said magnification of said display screen image being adjustable by said inputs.

21. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 20 wherein at least a portion of said pixel grid about said needle tip is projected onto said display screen to result in said display screen image of said veins and said needle tip being magnified more than three times.

22. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 21 wherein when a vein is selected for puncture by said practitioner with said needle, said practitioner brings said needle towards said selected vein while viewing said projected image on said target area until said needle tip is proximate to said selected vein, wherein said practitioner thereafter looks at said magnified display screen image to more accurately puncture a center of said selected vein.

23. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 22 wherein said display screen is from the group of display screens consisting of:

a flat panel display screen; and

a translucent rear projection screen.

24. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 23 wherein said flat panel display screen comprises a touch screen.

25. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 24 wherein said image processor is further configured to adjust one or more of:

screen brightness, contrast, and projection angle.

26. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 25 wherein a rate of said projection of said successive frames occurs at approximately 30 frames per second to minimize effects of a delay between receipt of said complete raster frame for said contrasted image, and subsequent projection of said frame from said second image memory by said second laser.

27. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 26 wherein said MEMS scanner is selected from the group consisting of:

a two-dimensional mirror capable of oscillations about two axes; and

one high speed scanning mirror capable of oscillating about a first axis and being angled to reflect said transmitted laser light to a second lower speed mirror capable of oscillating about a second axis.

28. The miniature vein enhancer according to claim 27 wherein said first laser transmits light at a wavelength of 740 nm, and said second laser transmits light at a wavelength of 630 nm.