Control of an alternator-starter for a hybrid electric vehicle having a disconnected high-voltage battery

• US 8,314,578 B2
• Filed: 02/23/2010
• Issued: 11/20/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 03/09/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Namuduri, Chandra S., Ludwig, Bryan M., Van Maanen, Keith D., Gopalakrishnan, Suresh
• Primary Examiner(s): Benson, Walter
• Assistant Examiner(s): LUO, DAVID S
• Application Number:
  US12/710,424
• Publication Number:
  US 20100225258A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,001 Days
• Field of Search: 318/400.3, 318/400.01, 318/700
• US Class Current: 318/400.3
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2006/268 Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/485 Motor-assist type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/20 Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0092 with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/20 having different nominal voltages
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2201/07 DC-DC step-up or step-down converter inserted between the power supply and the inverter supplying the motor, e.g. to control voltage source fluctuations, to vary the motor speed general aspects of plural converters in cascade H02M
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/06 using dc to ac converters or inverters H02P27/05 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A hybrid powertrain system includes an electric motor/generator unit having a multiphase asynchronous AC machine electrically connected to a multiphase bridge inverter. A high-voltage capacitor is electrically connected between positive and negative sides of a high-voltage DC power bus. High-voltage DC bus pre-charge circuits are electrically connected between gate drive bias power supplies and the multiphase bridge inverter. A low-voltage battery electrically charges the high-voltage DC link capacitor via the gate drive bias power supplies and the high-voltage DC bus pre-charge circuits when the high-voltage energy storage system is disconnected from the high-voltage DC power bus.

Claims

1. An electric circuit for a hybrid powertrain system, comprising:

a multiphase bridge inverter electrically connected to a high-voltage battery via positive and negative sides of a high-voltage DC power bus;

a multiphase asynchronous AC machine electrically connected to the multiphase bridge inverter;

a high-voltage DC link capacitor electrically connected between the positive and negative sides of the high-voltage DC power bus;

a low-voltage battery electrically connected to upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies; and

a plurality of gate drive pre-charge circuits, each electrically connected between one of the gate drive bias power supplies and the multiphase bridge inverter;

wherein the low-voltage battery electrically charges the high-voltage DC link capacitor via the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies and the gate drive pre-charge circuits when a high-voltage switch disconnects the high-voltage battery from the high-voltage DC power bus.

2. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 1, wherein the low-voltage battery electrically charges the high-voltage DC link capacitor to a voltage level sufficient to operationally magnetize a stator of the multiphase asynchronous AC machine.

3. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 1, wherein the low-voltage auxiliary battery electrically charges the high-voltage DC link capacitor to a predetermined voltage level when the high-voltage battery is disconnected from the high-voltage DC power bus by operation of the high-voltage switch.

4. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 1, wherein each of the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies provides DC electric power to a gate drive circuit for activation of a respective power transistor of the multiphase bridge inverter.

5. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 4, wherein one of the respective power transistors of the multiphase bridge inverter is connected between the positive side of the high-voltage DC power bus and one phase of the AC machine, and wherein one of the gate drive pre-charge circuits is connected between a high-voltage side of the upper gate drive bias power supply and the positive side of the high-voltage DC power bus.

6. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 4, wherein one of the respective power transistors of the multiphase bridge inverter is connected between the negative side of the high-voltage DC power bus and one phase of the AC machine, and wherein one of the gate drive pre-charge circuits is connected between a high-voltage side of the lower gate drive bias power supply and the one phase of the AC machine.

7. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 4, further comprising a control module controlling the gate drive circuit.

8. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 1, wherein each gate drive pre-charge circuit comprises a respective diode connected in series with a respective resistive device, each respective diode arranged to permit electric current flow from one of the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies to the multiphase bridge inverter and restrict electric current flow from the multiphase bridge inverter to the one of the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies.

9. An electric circuit for a hybrid powertrain system, comprising:

a multiphase bridge inverter electrically connected to a high-voltage battery via positive and negative sides of a high-voltage DC power bus;

a multiphase asynchronous AC machine electrically connected to the multiphase bridge inverter;

a high-voltage switch when closed electrically connects the high-voltage battery to the high-voltage DC power bus and when opened electrically disconnects the high-voltage battery from the high-voltage DC power bus;

a high-voltage DC link capacitor electrically connected between positive and negative sides of the high-voltage DC power bus;

a low-voltage auxiliary battery electrically connected to upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies providing DC electric power to a plurality of gate drive circuits, the gate drive circuits activating power transistors of the multiphase bridge inverter; and

a plurality of gate drive pre-charge circuits, each electrically connected between a respective one of the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies and the multiphase bridge inverter;

wherein the low-voltage auxiliary battery electrically charges the high-voltage DC link capacitor to a preferred voltage level via the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies and the gate drive pre-charge circuits when the high-voltage switch is opened.

10. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 9, wherein each of the gate drive pre-charge circuits comprises a respective diode connected in series with a respective resistive device, each respective diode arranged to permit electric current flow from the respective one of the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies to the multiphase bridge inverter and restrict electric current flow from the multiphase bridge inverter to the respective one of the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies.

11. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 9, wherein one of the gate drive pre-charge circuits is connected between a high-voltage side of one of the upper gate drive bias power supplies and the positive side of the high-voltage DC power bus.

12. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 9, wherein one of the gate drive pre-charge circuits is connected between a high-voltage side of one of the lower gate drive bias power supplies and a node connecting a pair of switch devices of the multiphase bridge inverter.

13. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 9, wherein the preferred voltage level comprises a voltage sufficient to operate the multiphase asynchronous AC machine.

14. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 9, wherein the low-voltage auxiliary battery is configured to electrically charge the high-voltage DC link capacitor to a preferred voltage level via the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies and the gate drive pre-charge circuits when the high-voltage battery is disconnected from the high-voltage DC power bus by operation of the high-voltage switch.

15. The electric circuit for the hybrid powertrain system of claim 9, further comprising a control module configured to control operation of the plurality of gate drive circuits and the high-voltage switch.

16. Method for operating a hybrid powertrain system comprising an internal combustion engine mechanically coupled to an electric motor/generator unit, the electric motor/generator unit electrically connected to a bridge inverter including a high-voltage DC power bus having a positive high-voltage DC bus and a negative high-voltage DC bus, a high-voltage battery selectively connectable to the high-voltage DC power bus via a high-voltage switch, and upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies providing DC electric power from a low-voltage battery to a plurality of gate drive precharge circuits, the method comprising:

when the high-voltage battery is disconnected from the high-voltage DC bus via the high-voltage switch,

employing the low-voltage battery to electrically charge a capacitor between the positive high-voltage DC bus and the negative high-voltage DC bus with the upper and lower gate drive bias power supplies to establish an operational voltage of the motor/generator unit across the high-voltage DC bus; and

spinning and operating the electric motor/generator unit in an electric power generating mode.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein spinning the electric motor/generator unit comprises electrically connecting an engine starter motor to the low-voltage battery to transfer electric power thereto to start the engine from an engine-off state.