Stratified cementitious composite

• US 8,323,782 B2
• Filed: 12/14/2007
• Issued: 12/04/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 12/20/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: James Ronald Mackechnie, Larry Arthur Bellamy, Leonard George Mcsaveney
• Original Assignee: James Ronald Mackechnie, Larry Arthur Bellamy, Leonard George Mcsaveney
• Inventors: Bellamy, Larry Arthur, Mackechnie, James Ronald, McSaveney, Leonard George
• Primary Examiner(s): ZACHARIA, RAMSEY E
• Application Number:
  US12/520,846
• Publication Number:
  US 20100143696A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,817 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 428/213
• CPC Class Codes: B28B 23/0081 Embedding aggregates to obtain particular properties
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 14/04 Silica-rich materials; Silicates
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 14/14 Minerals of vulcanic origin granite C04B14/048
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 14/16 porous, e.g. pumice
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 14/18 Perlite
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 14/202 Vermiculite
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 14/24 porous, e.g. foamed glass
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 14/48 Metal
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 16/06 fibrous
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 16/08 porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 18/067 Slags
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 18/141 Slags
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 28/006 containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 28/02 containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 38/106 by adding preformed foams
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 40/0067 making use of vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 40/10 Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 30/91 Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2495 Thickness [relative or absolute]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24992 Density or compression of components
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249971 : Preformed hollow element-containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249973 : Mineral element
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249974 : Metal- or silicon-containing element

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for forming a stratified cementitious body comprising placing a cementitious slurry comprising a cementitious binder, to form the body in a single pour and curing the slurry to form a stratified cementitious body. The method may also comprise the steps of mixing a cementitious binder and at least one aggregate material with water to form a slurry, pouring the slurry into a mold, allowing the slurry to stratify into layers under the influence of gravitational forces and/or buoyancy forces, optionally applying vibrations to the slurry to encourage the slurry to stratify into layers, and curing the slurry to form a stratified cementitious body.

Claims

1. A stratified cementitious body formed in a single pour from a cementitious slurry comprising a cementitious binder, the slurry having:

a yield shear stress of less than about 300 Pa, and

a plastic viscosity of less than about 70 Pa·

s,

wherein the cementitious slurry comprises a more dense and a less dense aggregate material mixed with the cementitious binder and water.

2. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the more dense aggregate material is selected from the group consisting of slag, greywacke, basalt and steel fibers.

3. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the less dense aggregate material is selected from the group consisting of expanded glass, pumice, perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene, stabilised foam and plastic fibers.

4. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, formed from the cementitious slurry that has stratified into layers under the influence of gravitational forces and buoyancy forces.

5. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, formed from the cementitious slurry that has stratified into layers under the influence of gravitational forces which urged the more dense aggregate material to settle to the bottom of the slurry.

6. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, formed from the cementitious slurry that has stratified into layers under the influence of buoyancy forces which urged the less dense aggregate material to migrate to the top of the slurry.

7. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, formed from the cementitious slurry which has stratified into layers by control of the yield shear stress and plastic viscosity of the cementitious slurry.

8. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition of each of the layers of the cementitious body are formed by layers of stratified slurry, which have compositions that are substantially homogeneous.

9. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the more dense aggregate material has a relative density greater than 2.75.

10. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the more dense aggregate material forms a structural layer.

11. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is between about 12:

1 to about 8;

1.

12. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is between about 2:

1 to about 7;

1.

13. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is about 10:

1.

14. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is about 4:

1.

15. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 150 Pa.

16. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 100 Pa.

17. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 75 Pa.

18. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 50 Pa.

19. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plastic viscosity of the slurry is between about 8 Pa·

s. to about 30 Pa·

s.

20. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plastic viscosity of the slurry is between about 8 Pa·

s. to about 25 Pa·

s.

21. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plastic viscosity of the slurry is between about 8 Pa·

s. to about 15 Pa·

s.

22. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, formed from a cementitious slurry that was substantially homogeneous prior to the step of allowing the mixture to stratify.

23. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cementitious body is a multi-layered stratified cementitious body.

24. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cementitious binder of the slurry comprises or includes an inorganic polymer binder.

25. The cementitious body as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cementitious body is a cured stratified cementitious panel comprising:

a more dense aggregate material layer forming about one third of the overall thickness of the panel and

a less dense aggregate material layer forming about two thirds of the overall thickness of the panel,

the stratified cementitious panel having been formed from a slurry in a single pour,

said slurry comprising a cementitious binder, the more dense aggregate material, the less dense aggregate material and water.

26. The cured stratified cementitious panel as claimed in claim 25, wherein the body is stratified into at least two layers, wherein the layers are substantially homogeneous.

27. The cured stratified cementitious panel as claimed in claim 26, wherein the composition of each of the at least two layers is substantially homogeneous.

28. The cured stratified cementitious panel as claimed in claim 25, wherein the aggregate material has a relative density greater than 2.75.

29. The cured stratified cementitious panel as claimed in claim 25, wherein the more dense aggregate material forms a structural layer.

30. The cured stratified cementitious panel as claimed in claim 25, wherein the less dense aggregate material forms an insulating layer.

31. A method for forming a stratified cementitious body according to claim 1 comprising placing into a mold the cementitious slurry to form the body in a single pour and curing the slurry to form a stratified cementitious body.

32. The method of claim 31 further comprising the steps of:

(i) mixing the cementitious binder and aggregate materials with water to form said slurry,

(ii) allowing the slurry to stratify into layers in said mold under the influence of gravitational forces and/or buoyancy forces, and

(iii) optionally applying vibrations to the slurry to encourage the slurry to stratify into layers.

33. The method as claimed in claim 32, wherein the slurry is substantially homogeneous prior to the step of allowing the slurry to stratify.

34. The method as claimed in claim 32, wherein upon application of vibrations to the slurry the slurry stratifies into layers in less than 1 minute.

35. The method as claimed in claim 32, wherein vibrations are applied to the slurry for about 30 seconds at a vibrational frequency of about 2500 rpm.

36. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the more dense aggregate material is selected from the group consisting of slag, greywacke, basalt and steel fibers.

37. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the less dense aggregate material is selected from the group consisting of expanded glass, pumice, perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene, stabilized foam and plastic fibers.

38. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the slurry is formed so that it stratifies into layers under the influence of gravitational forces and buoyancy forces.

39. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the slurry is formed so that it stratifies into layers under the influence of gravitational forces urging the more dense aggregate material to settle to the bottom of the slurry.

40. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the slurry is formed so that it stratifies into layers under the influence of buoyancy forces urging the less dense aggregate material to migrate to the top of the slurry.

41. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the yield shear stress and plastic viscosity of the slurry are controlled to cause the slurry to stratify into layers.

42. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein layers of the stratified slurry are substantially homogeneous.

43. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is between about 12:

1 to about 8;

1.

44. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is between about 2:

1 to about 7;

1.

45. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is about 10:

1.

46. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein a ratio of the relative densities of the more dense aggregate material to the less dense aggregate material is about 4:

1.

47. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 150 Pa.

48. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 100 Pa.

49. The method as claimed in claim 31 wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 75 Pa.

50. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the yield shear stress of the slurry is less than about 50 Pa.

51. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the plastic viscosity of the slurry is between about 8 Pa·

s to about 30 Pa·

s.

52. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the plastic viscosity of the slurry is between about 8 Pa·

s. to about 25 Pa·

s.

53. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the plastic viscosity of the slurry is between about 8 Pa·

s. to about 15 Pa·

s.

54. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the slurry or cementitious binder comprises or includes an inorganic polymer binder.

55. The method as claimed in claim 54, wherein the slurry is vibrated for about 60 seconds at 2500 rpm.

56. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the method is repeated to form a multi-layered stratified cementitious body.