Automatic discovery of server to power-circuit connections

• US 8,370,652 B2
• Filed: 01/15/2010
• Issued: 02/05/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Liu, Jie, Cole, Garret, O'Reilly, Jeff
• Primary Examiner(s): Stoynov, Stefan
• Application Number:
  US12/688,207
• Publication Number:
  US 20110179301A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,117 Days
• Field of Search: 713/300, 713/320, 713/323, 307/11, 307/43, 702/60, 709/223, 714/14, 714/22
• US Class Current: 713/300
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3203 Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/1498 Resource management, Optimisation arrangements, e.g. configuration, identification, tracking, physical location thermal management H05K7/20836

Abstract

In a data center which includes a plurality of servers, a discovery computer, a power measurement system (PMS), and a plurality of power-circuits which supply power to the servers, the discovery computer performs the following actions for each server. It transmits a first command to the server causing the server to start generating a power consumption signature if the server is able to do so. Upon receiving a SUCCESS response from the server, it instructs the PMS to start measuring the power consumption from each power-circuit. After a prescribed interval of time has elapsed, it collects the measurements from the PMS and analyzes the measurements to look for the presence of the signature. Upon detecting the signature in the measurement taken from a particular power-circuit, the discovery computer concludes that the server is connected to the particular power-circuit and creates a mapping there-between.

Claims

1. A system for automatically discovering computer to power-circuit connections, comprising:

a plurality of computers, wherein each computer is connected to a network; and

a computer program having program modules executable by each computer, wherein each of the computers is directed by the program modules of the computer program to generate a power consumption signature, and wherein either,

the power consumption signature generated by each computer is similar and the computers each generate said signature in a serial manner, or

two or more of the computers each generate a square wave power consumption pattern power consumption signature having a different period in a concurrent manner, or

two or more of the computers each generate a modulated pulse wave power consumption pattern power consumption signature comprising a different identifiable code in a concurrent manner.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the program module for generating a power consumption signature comprises program modules for:

listening on the network for commands; and

upon a particular computer receiving a first appropriate command over the network, whenever said computer is able to generate said signature, repeatedly toggling the utilization of one or more prescribed hardware components in said computer from an idle state to 100% utilization, wherein,

T₀ is a first interval of time during which said hardware components are idle,

T₁₀₀ is a second interval of time during which said hardware components are 100% utilized, and

the pulse wave power consumption pattern is periodic, and comprises a period P given by the equation P=T₀+T₁₀₀ and a duty cycle D given by the equation D=T₁₀₀/P.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the one or more prescribed hardware components comprise either a central processing unit, or memory, or a graphics processing unit, or one or more disk drives.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein T₀=T₁₀₀ such that the pulse wave power consumption pattern comprises a square wave power consumption pattern and the duty cycle D equals 50%.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein T₀ and T₁₀₀ are set equal to 30 seconds.

6. The system of claim 2, wherein T₀ is greater than T₁₀₀ such that the duty cycle D is less than 50%.

7. The system of claim 2, wherein T₀ is less than T₁₀₀ such that the duty cycle D is greater than 50%.

8. The system of claim 2, wherein the program module for generating a power consumption signature further comprises a program module for stopping the repeated toggling of the utilization of the one or more prescribed hardware components in the particular computer upon said computer receiving a second appropriate command over the network.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the program module for generating a power consumption signature comprises program modules for:

listening on the network for commands; and

upon a particular computer receiving a first appropriate command over the network, whenever said computer is able to generate said signature, toggling the utilization of one or more prescribed hardware components in said computer from an idle state to 100% utilization using a code division multiple access scheme to modulate the pulse wave power consumption pattern such that said pattern comprises an identifiable code.

10. In a data center comprising a plurality of server computers each of which is connected to a network, a power connection discovery computer which is also connected to the network, a power measurement system (PMS) which is connected to the discovery computer, and a plurality of power-circuits each of which is connected to one or more server computers and supplies electrical power to said servers, a computer-implemented process for automatically discovering the server to power-circuit connections, comprising using the discovery computer to perform the following process actions:

for each server computer in the data center;

(a) transmitting a first command to the server over the network causing the server to start generating an identifiable power consumption signature if the server is able to do so;

(b) upon receiving a SUCCESS response from the server over the network, instructing the PMS to start measuring the power consumption from each power-circuit;

(c) after a prescribed interval of time has elapsed, collecting the power consumption measurement taken from each power-circuit from the PMS;

(d) analyzing the power consumption measurement taken from each power-circuit to look for the presence of said signature; and

(e) upon detecting said signature in the power consumption measurement taken from a particular power-circuit, concluding that the server is connected to the particular power-circuit and creating a mapping there-between.

11. The process of claim 10, wherein the PMS comprises a branch circuit monitor system.

12. The process of claim 10, wherein the identifiable power consumption signature comprises a square wave power consumption pattern having a period equal to P and the prescribed interval of time equals 10P.

13. The process of claim 12, wherein the process action of analyzing the power consumption measurement taken from each power-circuit to look for the presence of the power consumption signature comprises the action of analyzing said measurement in the frequency domain using a Fourier transform method and looking for a pair of frequency component spikes in said domain that comprise a magnitude that is larger than a prescribed threshold, wherein said threshold is set sufficiently above the magnitude of the other frequency components of said measurement such that said spikes can be reliably detected.

14. The process of claim 13, further comprising performing process actions a-e again whenever the pair of frequency component spikes does not have a magnitude that is sufficiently above the magnitude of the other frequency components of the power consumption measurement taken from each power-circuit and thus said spikes cannot be reliably detected.

15. The process of claim 10, further comprising performing after the process action e is complete the action of storing the mapping between the server and the particular power-circuit in a mapping database, wherein the database specifies which server is connected to which power-circuit or power-circuits for all of the servers and power-circuits in the data center.

16. The process of claim 15, wherein either,

process actions a-e and the subsequent process action of storing the mapping between the server and the particular power-circuit in a mapping database are performed once either after the server computers are installed in the data center, or after the data center configuration is modified by either adding a new server to the data center, or removing an existing server from the data center, or changing the power-circuit connections for one or more of the existing servers so that the mapping database includes a current mapping of the server to power-circuit connections, or

process actions a-e and the subsequent process action of storing the mapping between the server and the particular power-circuit in a mapping database are performed repeatedly at a prescribed time interval in order to automatically detect any changes in the server to power-circuit connections and update the mapping database accordingly so that the database includes both a current and historic mapping of the server to power-circuit connections.

17. The process of claim 10, wherein the first command comprises one or more parameters each of which specifies a different characteristic for a desired identifiable power consumption signature, said characteristics comprising:

a desired waveform shape for said signature;

a desired period of said signature;

a desired amplitude of said signature; and

the prescribed interval of time.

18. In a data center comprising a plurality of server computers each of which is connected to a network, a power connection discovery computer which is also connected to the network, a power measurement system (PMS) which is connected to the discovery computer, and a plurality of power-circuits each of which is connected to one or more server computers and supplies electrical power to said servers, a computer-implemented process for automatically discovering the server to power-circuit connections, comprising using the discovery computer to perform the following process actions:

for each server computer in the data center;

transmitting a first command to the server over the network causing the server to start generating a square wave power consumption pattern if the server is able to do so, wherein,

said pattern is generated by repeatedly toggling the utilization of one or more central processing units (CPUs) in said server from an idle state to 100% utilization,

T₀ is a first interval of time during which the CPUs are idle,

T₁₀₀ is a second interval of time during which the CPUs are 100% utilized,

T₀=T₁₀₀, and

said pattern comprises a period P given by the equation P=T₀+T₁₀₀;

upon receiving a SUCCESS response from the server over the network, instructing the PMS to start measuring the power consumption from each power-circuit;

after an interval of time equal to 10P has elapsed, collecting the power consumption measurement taken from each power-circuit from the PMS;

analyzing the power consumption measurement taken from each power-circuit to look for the presence of said pattern, said analysis comprising analyzing said measurement in the frequency domain using a Fourier transform method and looking for a pair of frequency component spikes in said domain that comprise a magnitude that is larger than a prescribed threshold, wherein said threshold is set sufficiently above the magnitude of the other frequency components of said measurement such that said spikes can be reliably detected;

upon detecting said pattern in the power consumption measurement taken from a particular power-circuit, concluding that the server is connected to the particular power-circuit and creating a mapping there-between; and

storing the mapping between the server and the particular power-circuit in a mapping database, wherein the database specifies which server is connected to which power-circuit or power-circuits for all of the servers and power-circuits in the data center.