System and method for estimating and providing dispatchable operating reserve energy capacity through use of active load management

• US 8,396,606 B2
• Filed: 05/07/2010
• Issued: 03/12/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Landis+Gyr Technology, Inc. (Landis+Gyr Group AG)
• Original Assignee: Consert, Inc. (Landis+Gyr Group AG)
• Inventors: Forbes, Joseph W. Jr., Webb, Joel L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ali, Mohammad
• Assistant Examiner(s): LAUGHLIN, NATHAN L
• Application Number:
  US12/775,979
• Publication Number:
  US 20100222935A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,040 Days
• Field of Search: 700/22, 700 65- 66, 700/286, 700/291, 700/295, 700/297, 705/7.12, 705/7.25, 705/7.35, 705/14.24, 705/63, 705/412
• US Class Current: 700/295
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/00 Administration; Management
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/003 Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/004 Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/144 Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/70 Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/50 Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/00 Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

A utility employs a method for estimating available operating reserve. Electric power consumption by at least one device serviced by the utility is determined during at least one period of time to produce power consumption data. The power consumption data is stored in a repository. A determination is made that a control event is to occur during which power is to be reduced to one or more devices. Prior to the control event and under an assumption that it is not to occur, power consumption behavior expected of the device(s) is estimated for a time period during which the control event is expected to occur based on the stored power consumption data. Additionally, prior to the control event, projected energy savings resulting from the control event are determined based on the devices'"'"' estimated power consumption behavior. An amount of available operating reserve is determined based on the projected energy savings.

Claims

1. A utility that provides electrical service to one or more remotely located service points, each service point including at least one device that consumes power during operation thereof, the utility comprising:

a repository; and

at least one processor coupled to the repository, the at least one processor operable to;

determine amounts of electric power consumed by the at least one device during at least one period of time to produce power consumption data;

store the power consumption data in the repository;

determine that a control event is to occur during which a supply of electric power is to be reduced to the at least one device;

estimate, prior to commencement of the control event and under an assumption that the control event is not to occur, power consumption behavior expected of the at least one device for a first period of time based at least on the stored power consumption data, wherein the control event is expected to occur during the first period of time;

determine, prior to commencement of the control event, projected energy savings resulting from the control event based at least on the estimated power consumption behavior of the at least one device; and

determine, prior to commencement of the control event, an amount of available operating reserve based on the projected energy savings.

2. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to determine that the control event is to occur responsive to receipt of an Automatic Generation Control command.

3. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to manage distribution of the available operating reserve subsequent to commencement of the control event.

4. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to:

initiate the control event;

determine that a first set of one or more devices is to be released from the control event prior to termination of the control event; and

determine a second set of one or more devices to replace the first set of devices, wherein projected energy savings from the second set of devices is greater than or equal to an energy savings from the first set of devices.

5. The utility of claim 1, further comprising:

means for distributing the available operating reserve subsequent to commencement of the control event.

6. The utility of claim 1, wherein the utility utilizes at least some renewable energy produced by a renewable energy source and wherein the at least one processor is further operable to manage distribution of the available operating reserve so as to provide regulating reserve during times of under-generation by the renewable energy source.

7. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to:

determine an intermediate projected energy savings for each service point at which one or more devices are to be affected by the control event; and

aggregate the intermediate projected energy savings for a plurality of service points to produce the projected energy savings.

8. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one device includes at least one environmentally-dependent device and wherein the at least one processor is operable to estimate power consumption behavior expected of the at least one environmentally-dependent device by:

determining at least one environmental characteristic expected during the first period of time at a service point at which the at least one environmentally-dependent device is located;

determining, based on stored user settings, a maximum allowable variance of the at least one environmental characteristic in an area at the service point monitored by the environmentally-dependent device; and

estimating, prior to commencement of the control event and based at least on the stored power consumption data, the at least one environmental characteristic and the maximum allowable variance of the at least one environmental characteristic, an amount of power that the at least one environmentally-dependent device would be expected to consume during the first period of time if the control event was not to occur.

9. The utility of claim 8, wherein the at least one processor is operable to determine at least one environmental characteristic expected during the first period of time by:

receiving information associated with the at least one environmental characteristic from at least one of a local weather service, a state weather service, and a national weather service.

10. The utility of claim 8, wherein power consumption data associated with the service point further includes at least one of a user setting for the maximum allowable variance of the at least one environmental characteristic at the service point and information relating to operating environments in which the at least one environmentally-dependent device has operated, and wherein the at least one processor is further operable to:

compare the first period of time to time periods stored in the repository;

in the event that at least one time period stored in the repository corresponds to at least part of the first period of time, determine whether the repository includes power consumption data for the at least one environmentally-dependent device during the at least one time period;

in the event that the repository includes power consumption data for the at least one environmentally-dependent device during the at least one time period,

determine whether at least some of the power consumption data for the at least one time period corresponds to a user setting and an environmental characteristic expected during the first period of time;

in the event that at least some of the power consumption data for the at least one time period corresponds to a user setting and an environmental characteristic expected during the first period of time, retrieve from the repository values corresponding to amounts of power that the at least one environmentally-dependent device would be expected to consume during the at least one time period if the control event was not to occur;

in the event that none of the power consumption data for the at least one time period corresponds to a user setting and an environmental characteristic expected during the first period of time, change at least one of a search value corresponding to an expected user setting and a search value corresponding to an expected environmental characteristic to produce at least one of a changed user setting search value and a changed environmental characteristic search value; and

determine whether at least some of the power consumption data for the at least one time period corresponds to at least one of the changed user setting search value and the changed environmental characteristic search value;

in the event that the repository does not include power consumption data for the at least one environmentally-dependent device during the at least one time period,

determine whether the repository includes at least some power consumption data for the at least one environmentally-dependent device during a time period proximate in time to the at least one time period; and

in the event that the repository includes at least some power consumption data for the at least one environmentally-dependent device during a time period proximate in time to the at least one time period, retrieve from the at least some power consumption data values corresponding to amounts of power that the at least one environmentally-dependent device would be expected to consume during the at least one time period if the control event was not to occur.

11. The utility of claim 8, wherein the at least one environmental characteristic is at least one of air temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, rainfall amount, and water temperature.

12. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one device includes at least one environmentally-independent device and wherein the at least one processor is operable to estimate power consumption behavior expected of the at least one environmentally-independent device during the first period of time by:

determining whether, absent occurrence of the control event, the at least one environmentally-independent device is expected to be consuming power during the first period of time period based on the stored power consumption data;

in the event that, absent occurrence of the control event, the at least one environmentally-independent device would be consuming power during the first period of time,

determining a duty cycle for the at least one environmentally-independent device based on the stored power consumption data; and

estimating, based on the stored power consumption data and the duty cycle, an amount of power that the at least one environmentally-independent device would be expected to consume during the first period of time if the control event was not to occur.

13. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is operable to estimate power consumption behavior expected of the at least one device by:

comparing the first period of time to time periods stored in the repository;

in the event that the first period of time corresponds to at least one particular time period stored in the repository, determining whether the repository includes power consumption data for the at least one device during the at least one particular time period; and

in the event that the repository includes power consumption data for the at least one device during the at least one particular time period, retrieving from the repository one or more values corresponding to one or more amounts of power that the at least one device would be expected to consume during the first period of time if the control event was not to occur.

14. The utility of claim 13, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to:

in the event that the repository does not include power consumption data for the at least one device during the at least one particular time period,

determine whether the repository includes power consumption data for the at least one device during time periods before and after the at least one particular time period; and

interpolate, based on the power consumption data for the at least one device during the time periods before and after the at least one particular time period, one or more values corresponding to one or more amounts of power that the at least one device would be expected to consume during the at least one particular time period if the control event was not to occur.

15. The utility of claim 13, wherein the at least one processor is further operable to:

in the event that the first period of time does not correspond to at least one time period stored in the repository,

determine whether the repository includes power consumption data for the at least one device during time periods before and after the first period of time; and

interpolate, based on the power consumption data for the at least one device during the time periods before and after the first period of time, one or more values corresponding to one or more amounts of power that the at least one device would be expected to consume during the first period of time if the control event was not to occur.

16. The utility of claim 1, wherein the repository is located remote from the one or more service points.

17. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is operable to determine projected energy savings resulting from the control event by:

determining an amount of power expected to be consumed by the at least one device during the first period of time absent occurrence of the control event to produce first energy savings;

determining an amount of power that is not expected to be dissipated in transmission lines as a result of not delivering power to the at least one device during the control event to produce second energy savings; and

summing the first energy savings and the second energy savings.

18. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is operable to determine projected energy savings on a service point by service point basis.

19. The utility of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is operable to determine projected energy savings on a utility-wide basis.

20. A method for operation of a utility that provides electrical service to one or more remotely located service points, each service point including at least one device that consumes power during operation thereof, the method comprising:

determining, by a processor of the utility, amounts of electric power consumed by the at least one device during at least one period of time to produce power consumption data;

storing, by the processor, the power consumption data in a repository;

determining, by the processor, that a control event is to occur during which a supply of electric power is to be reduced to the at least one device;

estimating, by the processor prior to commencement of the control event and under an assumption that the control event is not to occur, power consumption behavior expected of the at least one device for a first period of time based at least on the stored power consumption data, wherein the control event is expected to occur during the first period of time;

determining, by the processor prior to commencement of the control event, projected energy savings resulting from the control event based at least on the estimated power consumption behavior of the at least one device; and

determining, by the processor prior to commencement of the control event, an amount of available operating reserve based on the projected energy savings.