Method and apparatus for identifying a standalone location

• US 8,484,222 B1
• Filed: 12/01/2006
• Issued: 07/09/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 12/01/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Li, Xin, Qian, Jiang, Greenfield, Lawrence E., Egnor, Daniel T.
• Primary Examiner(s): PENG, HUAWEN A
• Application Number:
  US11/607,568
• Time in Patent Office: 2,412 Days
• Field of Search: 704/8, 707/3, 707/10, 707/104.1, 707/729, 707/730, 707/706, 707/724, 707/748
• US Class Current: 707/748
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/29 Geographical information databases

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that automatically determines if a location is a standalone location, which can be unambiguously identified by a name for the location alone. During operation, the system determines a name score for the location which indicates a popularity of the name for the location. The system also obtains a signature for the location, wherein the signature is a set of combinations of location specifiers, wherein each combination of location specifiers refers to the location. The system then determines a signature score for the location which indicates a popularity of the signature for the location. Finally, the system determines whether the location is a standalone location based on the name score and the signature score.

Claims

1. A method for automatically determining if a location is a standalone location that can be identified by a name for the location, comprising:

determining a name score for the location by determining an approximate number of pages that contain the name;

generating a signature that includes the name for the location and an additional location specifier;

determining a signature score for the location by determining an approximate number of pages that include the signature; and

determining whether the location is a standalone location based on the name score and the signature score for the location by;

computing a ratio of the signature score to the name score;

if the ratio is greater than or equal to a standalone threshold value, determining that the location is a standalone location; and

otherwise, determining that the location is not a standalone location.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the method further comprises determining whether the location is a global standalone location, wherein the location is a global standalone location when the name score is greater than or equal to a global threshold value.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the method further comprises determining whether the location is a region-specific standalone location, wherein the location is a region-specific standalone location when the name score is less than a global threshold value.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises determining a format of the signature using at least one of a country-specific or a language-specific signature template.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the method further comprises adding the location to a list of standalone locations.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving a query comprised of search terms;

if a search term in the query is the name for a standalone location that appears in the list of standalone locations, using location information for the standalone location while producing or ranking search results for the query; and

presenting the search results.

7. An apparatus for automatically determining if a location is a standalone location that can be identified by a name for the location, comprising:

a memory configured to store computer instructions;

a processor coupled to the memory and configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory to;

determine a name score for the location by determining an approximate number of pages that contain the name;

generate a signature that includes the name of the location and an additional location specifier;

determine a signature score for the location by determining an approximate number of pages that include the signature; and

determine whether the location is a standalone location based on the name score and the signature score for the location by;

computing a ratio of the signature score to the name score;

if the ratio is greater than or equal to a standalone threshold value, determining that the location is a standalone location; and

otherwise, determining that the location is not a standalone location.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the processor is further configured to execute instructions to determine whether the location is a global standalone location, wherein the location is a global standalone location when the name score is greater than or equal to a global threshold value.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the processor is further configured to execute instructions to determine whether the location is a region-specific standalone location, wherein the location is a region-specific standalone location when the name score is less than a global threshold value.

10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions to determine a format of the signature using at least one of a country-specific or a language-specific signature template.

11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the processor is further configured to execute instructions to add the location to a list of standalone locations.

12. The apparatus of the 11, wherein the processor is further configured to execute instructions to:

receive a query comprised of search terms;

if a search term in the query is the name for a standalone location that appears in the list of standalone locations, use location information for the standalone location while producing or ranking search results for the query; and

present the search results.

13. A method for processing a query, comprising:

receiving a search query containing at least one search term;

determining whether the at least one search term is a standalone location by searching a repository of standalone locations for the at least one search term;

wherein the repository contains a plurality of terms identified as standalone locations, each term having a ratio of a signature score to a name score that is greater than a standalone threshold value; and

wherein the name score refers to an approximate number of documents in a corpus of documents that contain the term and the signature score refers to an approximate number of documents in the corpus of documents that include the term and an additional term that specifies a geographic location;

retrieving location information for the standalone location if the at least one search term is a standalone location; and

using the location information to produce search results for the search query.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein using the location to produce search results for the search query comprises using the location information to limit the search results to search results that are associated with a location that is close to the standalone location.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein using the location to produce search results for the search query comprises using the location information to rank the search results obtained for the search query.

16. A computer-readable storage medium that includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method for automatically determining if a location is a standalone location that can be identified by a name for the location, the method comprising:

determining a name score for the location by determining an approximate number of pages that contain the name;

generating a signature that includes the name for the location and an additional location specifier;

determining a signature score for the location by determining an approximate number of pages that include the signature; and

determining whether the location is a standalone location based on the name score and the signature score for the location by;

computing a ratio of the signature score to the name score;

if the ratio is greater than or equal to a standalone threshold value, determining that the location is a standalone location; and

otherwise, determining that the location is not a standalone location.

17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the method further comprises determining whether the location is a global standalone location, wherein the location is a global standalone location when the name score is greater than or equal to a global threshold value.

18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the method further comprises determining whether the location is a region-specific standalone location, wherein the location is a region-specific standalone location when the name score is less than a global threshold value.

19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises determining a format of the signature using at least one of a country-specific or a language-specific signature template.

20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein when the location is determined to be a standalone location, the method further comprises adding the location to a list of standalone locations.

21. The computer-readable storage medium of the 20, wherein the method further comprises:

receiving a query comprised of search terms;

if a search term in the query is the name for a standalone location that appears in the list of standalone locations, using location information for the standalone location while producing or ranking search results for the query; and

presenting the search results.

22. A method for automatically determining if a phrase for a geographic location refers to a standalone location, comprising:

determining a name score for the phrase by determining an approximate number of documents in a corpus of documents that contain the phrase;

generating a signature for the phrase that includes at least one location specifier in addition to the phrase;

determining a signature score for the phrase by determining an approximate number of documents in the corpus of documents that contains the signature for the phrase; and

determining whether the phrase refers to a standalone location based on the name score and the signature score by;

computing a ratio of the signature score to the name score;

if the ratio is greater than or equal to a standalone threshold value, determining that the phrase for the geographic location refers to a standalone location; and

otherwise, determining that the phrase for the geographic location does not refer to a standalone location.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the corpus of documents comprises documents crawled on the World Wide Web.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising adding the phrase to a repository storing the names of standalone locations if it is determined that the phrase refers to a standalone location.