Composite anti-tamper container with embedded devices

• US 8,531,292 B2
• Filed: 07/14/2005
• Issued: 09/10/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/14/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ANGEL Secure Networks, Inc., University of Maine System Board of Trustees
• Original Assignee: ANGEL Secure Networks, Inc., University of Maine System Board of Trustees
• Inventors: Dagher, Habib J., Smith, Fred Hewitt
• Primary Examiner(s): Lim, Steven
• Assistant Examiner(s): Fan, Hongmin
• Application Number:
  US11/181,429
• Publication Number:
  US 20060285440A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,980 Days
• Field of Search: 340/568.2, 340/568.4, 340/540, 340/541, 340/545.6, 340/550, 250/227.14, 250/227.16
• US Class Current: 340/541
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 2211/00 Anti-theft means
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 2590/0083 Computer or electronic system, e.g. GPS systems
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 90/00 Component parts, details or accessories for large containers B65D88/34 - B65D88/78 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 90/02 Wall construction arrangements of leakage-indicating devices comprising hollow spaces within walls B65D90/501; arrangements of leakage-indicating devices comprising porous spaces or porous layers in walls B65D90/505; arrangements of leakage-indicating devices comprising electrically conductive layers in walls B65D90/513
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 90/22 Safety features floating covers B65D88/34; arrangements of indicating or measuring devices B65D90/48; fire-fighting A62C
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 9/004 using fibre optic sensors light guides per se G02B6/00, acousto-optical devices specially adapted for gating or modulating in optical wave guides G02F1/125
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/126 for a housing, e.g. a box, a safe, or a room
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 30/80 Packaging reuse or recycling, e.g. of multilayer packaging bio-packaging Y02W90/10

Abstract

A design and manufacturing methods for reusable, stackable shipping containers made from composite materials is described. The composite material is embedded with optical fibers, data and electrical paths, and various types of components. These embedded devices are capable of detecting intrusions through the container walls, securely storing and processing information, and securely communicating information to other containers and to remote devices.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a plurality of structural panels that define a volume of a shipping container comprising;

a first structural panel including a continuous composite material comprising a first embedded electrical power path and a first embedded data path, wherein the first structural panel in its entirety includes the composite material and wherein the first structural panel comprises a flange extending away from an outer edge of the first structural panel, wherein the flange comprises a first plurality of electrical contacts; and

a second structural panel including the continuous composite material comprising a second embedded electrical power path and a second embedded data path, wherein the second structural panel includes in its entirety the composite material and comprises a groove extending along an outer edge of the second structural panel and dimensioned to accept snuggly therein the flange of the first structural panel, wherein the groove comprises a second plurality of electrical contacts arranged such that the first plurality of electrical contacts engages the second plurality of electrical contacts upon joining of the first structural panel and the second structural panel by insertion of the flange into the groove, such that the first plurality of electrical contacts and the second plurality of electrical contacts are protected from exposure to environmental conditions;

wherein each of the first and second embedded data paths comprises at least one respective first optical fiber that is embedded within the continuous composite material of a respective one of the first structural panel and the second structural panel, wherein the at least one respective first optical fiber is configured to propagate, within the respective first optical fiber, radiation from a source connected to the at least one respective optical fiber, resulting in propagated radiation;

respective of each of the first structural panel and the second structural panel, such that respective electrical power paths and respective data paths are protected from exposure to environmental conditions;

a coupler to couple the propagated radiation by evanescent light coupling across a door included in the container;

an embedded sensor in communication with one of the respective electrical power paths and one of the respective data paths and configured to detect a variation in the radiation that is caused by an external condition imposed on the container; and

a processor embedded within the continuous composite material, the processor in communication with the respective electrical power paths and the respective data paths and configured to initiate sending a signal that represents the variation.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the embedded sensor is configured to detect the variation according to an interruption of the radiation caused by a break in the at least one respective first optical fiber.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the embedded sensor is configured to detect the variation including a degradation of the radiation caused by a stress imposed on the at least one respective first optical fiber.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a second optical fiber embedded in the container, wherein the second optical fiber is positioned substantially orthogonal to the at least one respective first optical fiber.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the continuous composite material comprises a reinforced polymer structure.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein a portion of at least one of the first structural panel and the second structural panel includes a continuous composite material between a metallic outer surface and a metallic inner surface, wherein the optical fiber extends through the continuous material.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a switch to pulse the propagating of the radiation in the at least one respective first optical fiber.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a rechargeable battery to provide power to the source.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a device embedded within the composite material and in communication with at least one of the respective electrical power paths and at least one of the respective data paths.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the device is selected from a group consisting of:

data processors;

controllers;

components for storing information for later retrieval;

telecommunications devices;

wireless fidelity (WI-FI) devices;

plugs;

cryptographic material; and

dosimetric sensors.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the device is selected from a group consisting of:

complex programmable logic devices;

field programmable gate arrays; and

combinations thereof.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein each structural panel of the plurality of structural panels that define the volume of the shipping container comprises at least one of the flange and the groove allowing for assembly, disassembly, and reassembly of the shipping container.

13. The system of claim 1, further comprising inductive couplings in communication with the respective electrical power paths and the respective data paths, the inductive couplings to provide access to external sources.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor comprises at least one of a complex programmable logic device and a field programmable gate array.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor of the shipping containers, when stacked with another similar shipping container, is in communication with a another processor of the other similar shipping container, such that an absence of communication between the processor of the shipping container and the other processor of the other similar shipping container is indicative of an interposition of a rogue container.

16. A stacking system of shipping containers, comprising:

a plurality of stackable shipping containers that each include a plurality of structural panels that define a volume of each respective container, wherein each shipping container of the plurality of stackable shipping containers comprises;

a first structural panel including a continuous composite material, wherein the first structural panel in its entirety includes the composite material and wherein the first structural panel comprises a flange extending away from an outer edge of the first structural panel, wherein the flange comprises a first plurality of electrical contacts;

a second structural panel including the continuous composite material, wherein the second structural panel in its entirety includes the composite material and comprises a groove extending along an outer edge of the second structural panel and dimensioned to accept snuggly therein the flange of the first structural panel, wherein the groove comprises a second plurality of electrical contacts arranged such that the first plurality of electrical contacts engages the second plurality of electrical contacts upon joining of the first structural panel and the second structural panel by insertion of the flange into the groove, such that the first plurality of electrical contacts and the second plurality of electrical contacts are protected from exposure to environmental conditions;

a respective plurality of optical fiber grids that are respectively embedded within each portion of the continuous composite material of each of the first structural panel and the second structural panel, wherein each optical fiber grid is configured to propagate, within the respective plurality of optical fiber grids, radiation from at least one source respectively connected to the optical fiber grid, resulting in propagated radiation;

a coupler to couple the propagated radiation by evanescent light coupling across a door included in at least one shipping container of the plurality of stackable shipping containers;

respective electrical power paths and respective data paths respectively embedded within each portion of the continuous composite material of each of the first structural panel and the second structural panel, such that the respective electrical power paths and the respective data paths are protected from exposure to environmental conditions;

a coupling configured to permit a flow of one or more of optical signals of the respective plurality of optical fiber grids, electrical power of the respective electrical power paths and electrical data of the respective data paths between shipping containers when arranged in a stack;

a plurality of embedded sensors in communication with the respective electrical power paths and the respective data paths, wherein the plurality of embedded sensors are respectively embedded in each portion of the continuous composite material and configured to detect a variation in the radiation that is caused by an external condition imposed on the respective container, wherein sensors of the plurality of embedded sensors are configured to pass data that represents the variation among each other; and

a respective processor embedded within the continuous composite material, the respective processor in communication with the respective electrical power paths and the respective data paths and configured to initiate sending a signal that represents the variation.

17. The stacking system of shipping containers of claim 16, wherein the external condition comprises an interruption in communication caused by a rogue shipping container positioned in the stack.

18. The stacking system of shipping containers of claim 16, wherein the external condition comprises damage caused to at least one optical fiber included in one of the respective plurality of optical fiber grids.

19. The stacking system of shipping containers of claim 16, wherein the external condition comprises stress that is detectable by at least one sensor of the plurality of embedded sensors by way of at least one optical fiber included in one of the respective plurality of optical fiber grids.

20. The stacking system of shipping containers of claim 16, further comprising a container rack configured to support the plurality of stackable shipping containers when arranged in a stack and to supply electrical power to the plurality of shipping containers when so arranged.

21. A system, comprising:

a plurality of substantially monolithic shipping containers, each shipping container of the plurality of substantially monolithic shipping container comprising;

a first structural portion implemented with a composite material, wherein the first structural portion in its entirety includes the composite material and wherein the first structural portion comprises a flange extending away from an outer edge of the first structural portion, wherein the flange comprises a first plurality of electrical contacts; and

a second structural portion implemented with the composite material, wherein the second structural portion in its entirety includes the composite material and comprises a groove extending along an outer edge of the second structural portion and dimensioned to accept snuggly therein the flange of the first structural portion, wherein the groove comprises a second plurality of electrical contacts arranged such that the first plurality of electrical contacts engages the second plurality of electrical contacts upon joining of the first structural portion and the second structural portion by insertion of the flange into the groove, such that the first plurality of electrical contacts and the second plurality of electrical contacts are protected from exposure to environmental conditions;

at least one respective optical fiber that is embedded within the composite material, wherein the at least one respective optical fiber is configured to propagate, within at least one respective optical fiber, radiation from a source connected to the at least one respective optical fiber, resulting in propagated radiation;

a coupler to couple the propagated radiation by evanescent light coupling across a door included in at least one container of the plurality of substantially monolithic shipping containers;

respective electrical power paths and respective data paths embedded within the composite material of each of the first structural portion and the second structural portion, such that the respective electrical power paths and the respective data paths are protected from exposure to environmental conditions;

an embedded sensor in communication with one of the respective electrical power paths and one of the respective data paths and configured to detect a variation in the radiation that is caused by an external condition imposed on the shipping container; and

a processor embedded within the composite material, the processor in communication with the respective electrical power paths and the respective data paths and configured to initiate sending a signal that represents the variation.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the embedded sensor is configured to detect the variation according to an interruption of the radiation caused by a break in the at least one respective optical fiber.