Current mirror and current cancellation circuit

• US 8,575,971 B1
• Filed: 01/18/2013
• Issued: 11/05/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/27/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Inventors: Chamakura, Anand
• Primary Examiner(s): Hiltunen, Thomas J
• Application Number:
  US13/744,503
• Time in Patent Office: 291 Days
• Field of Search: 250/214.B, 250/214.C, 250/214.LS, 250/214.AL, 327101-103, 327514-515
• US Class Current: 327/103
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/10 Regulating voltage or current G05F1/02 takes precedence; for electric railways B60M3/02
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 3/262 using field-effect transistors only

Abstract

Techniques are described to mirror currents and subtract currents accurately. In an implementation, a circuit includes a first current source coupled to a first node to provide a current IPD1 and a current mirror coupled to the first node through a first switch T1 to provide a current IREF1. In a closed configuration, the current IREF1 flows from the current mirror into the first node. A sigma delta modulator controls the switch T1 such that over a period of time an average current flowing from the current mirror into the first node is equal to the current IPD1 flowing out of the first node. The sigma delta modulator generates a digital output to control switch T2 to allow a current IREF2 into a second node, thus subtracting a portion of a current IPD2 at the second node over a period of time.

Claims

1. A circuit comprising:

a first node and a second node;

a first switch and a second switch, the first switch coupled to the first node and having an open configuration and a closed configuration, the second switch coupled to the second node and having an open configuration and a closed configuration;

a first current mirror and a second current mirror, the first current mirror coupled to the first switch and configured to provide a first current mirror current, the second current mirror coupled to the second switch and configured to provide a second current mirror current;

a sigma delta modulator having an input and an output, the input coupled to the first node and the output coupled to the first switch and the second switch, the output configured to provide a discrete pulse density modulated output to control the open configuration and the closed configuration of the first switch and the second switch, the discrete pulse density modulated output represents a first current source current as a function of the first current mirror current,

wherein the second current mirror current subtracts at least a portion of a second current source current at the second node when the second switch is in the closed configuration.

2. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein the discrete pulse density modulated output is configured to control the second switch such that an equivalent current at the second node is a difference of the first current source current and the second current source current when the first current mirror current is at least approximately equal to the second current mirror current.

3. The circuit as recited in claim 1, further comprising a first current source configured to generate the first current source current;

and a second current source configured to generate the second current source current.

4. The circuit as recited in claim 3, wherein the first current source comprises a dark diode and the second current source comprises a photo diode.

5. The circuit as recited in claim 3, wherein the first current source and the second current source comprise a photo diode.

6. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein the first current mirror includes at least a first transistor and a second transistor, and the second current mirror includes at least a third transistor and a fourth transistor.

7. The circuit as recited in claim 1, wherein the delta sigma modulator further comprises:

an integrator having an input and an output, the input of the integrator coupled to the input of the delta sigma modulator and configured to integrate the first current source current and provide an integrated signal to the output of the integrator; and

a comparator having an input and an output, the input of the comparator coupled to the output of the integrator and the output of the comparator coupled to the output of the delta sigma modulator, the comparator configured to compare the integrated signal to a reference signal and generate the discrete pulse density modulated output based upon the comparison.