Recharging and communication lead for an implantable device

• US 8,594,806 B2
• Filed: 04/30/2010
• Issued: 11/26/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LivaNova USA, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: Cyberonics, Inc
• Inventors: Cowley, Anthony W., Chilton, Robert J., Hussain, Saadat, Thompson, David L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bertram, Eric D.
• Application Number:
  US12/772,010
• Publication Number:
  US 20110270349A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,306 Days
• Field of Search: 607/30, 607/60, 607/61, 607/116
• US Class Current: 607/116
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/05 for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode A61N1/06 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0551 Spinal or peripheral nerve electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37223 Circuits for electromagnetic coupling
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37229 Shape or location of the implanted or external antenna
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/375 Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37512 Pacemakers
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source

Abstract

A lead for an implantable device includes a flexible, implantable tether, electrically connectable to an implantable device, and a plurality of control elements, disposed along the tether. The control elements are electrically interconnectable to the implantable device and configured to transmit one of power and communication signals thereto.

Claims

1. A lead for an implantable medical device (IMD), the lead comprising:

a flexible, implantable tether that is electrically connectable to an IMD; and

two or more control elements, disposed at separate locations along a length of the tether, wherein each of the two or more control elements is electrically interconnectable to the IMD and is configured to transmit power signals, communication signals, or both, to the IMD,

wherein at least one of the two or more control elements includes a coil, wherein the coil includes a ferromagnetic core and is configured to generate an electrical current in response to a changing electrical field, and wherein the electrical current is at least one source of the power signals.

2. The lead of claim 1, wherein a first particular control element of the two or more control elements is configured to transmit the communication signals to the IMD, and wherein a second particular control element of the two or more control elements is configured to transmit the power signals to the IMD.

3. The lead of claim 2, wherein the first particular control element includes an antenna that is configured to communicate with a wireless communication device by transmitting and receiving the communication signals.

4. The lead of claim 1, wherein a particular control element of the two or more control elements is configured to transmit the communication signals to the IMD and is configured to transmit the power signals to the IMD.

5. The lead of claim 1, wherein the coil is further configured to communicate with a wireless communication device.

6. The lead of claim 5, wherein a particular control element of the two or more control elements includes the coil, and wherein the particular control element includes a communications filter circuit electrically connected to the coil.

7. The lead of claim 5, wherein a particular control element of the two or more control elements includes the coil, and wherein the particular control element includes a power rectifier circuit that is coupled to the coil.

8. The lead of claim 1, wherein the tether is configured to be implanted into a patient body at a first depth that is less than second depth at which the IMD is implanted into the patient body.

9. The lead of claim 1, wherein the two or more control elements are disposed along the length of the tether based on an order that alternates between first particular control elements that transmit the power signals and second particular control elements that transmit the communication signals.

10. The lead of claim 1, wherein each of the two or more control elements is electrically connected to the IMD via a wire that is distinct to a particular control element.

11. The lead of claim 1, wherein a distance between a pair of adjacent control elements of the two or more control elements is at least 1 centimeter.

12. A system comprising:

an implantable medical device (IMD) comprising a programmable device and a rechargeable battery; and

a lead of the IMD comprising;

a flexible, implantable tether, electrically connected to the IMD; and

two or more control elements, disposed at separate locations along a length of the tether, wherein the two or more control elements are configured to transmit power signals, communication signals, or both, to the IMD; and

wherein at least one of the two or more control elements includes a coil, wherein the coil includes a ferromagnetic core and is configured to generate an electrical current in response to a changing electrical field, and wherein the electrical current is at least one source of the power signals.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein a particular control element of the two or more control elements includes the coil, wherein the particular control element includes a power rectifier circuit configured to convert the electrical current into a direct current to generate the power signals.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein a second particular control element of the two or more control elements includes an antenna that is configured to wirelessly communicate with the programmable device and an external communication device located outside a patient body in which the IMD is implanted.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the rechargeable battery is charged responsive to the power signals.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein the two or more control elements are disposed along the length of the tether based on an order that alternates between first particular control elements that transmit the power signals and second particular control elements that transmit the communication signals.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein the tether is configured to be implanted into a patient body at a first depth that is less than second depth at which the IMD is implanted into the patient body.

18. The system of claim 12, further comprising an electrode that is disposed at a distal end of the tether and attached to a nerve of a patient body in which the IMD is implanted, wherein the programmable device further comprises a pulse generation device to deliver electrical stimulation to the nerve via the electrode.

19. The system of claim 12, wherein the changing electrical field is produced by a recharging device that is positioned at a location outside a body of a patient in which the IMD is implanted, and wherein the location is proximate to a region in the body of the patient where the tether is located.

20. A vagus nerve stimulation system comprising:

an implantable, programmable pulse generation device including a rechargeable battery;

an implantable electrode that is attachable to a vagus nerve within a body of a patient;

a flexible, implantable tether that electrically connects to the implantable, programmable pulse generation device and the implantable electrode; and

two or more control elements, disposed at separate locations along a length of the tether, wherein each of the two or more control elements is configured to transmit power signals, communication signals, or both, to the implantable, programmable pulse generation device,

wherein at least one of the two or more control elements includes a coil, wherein the coil includes a ferromagnetic core and is configured to generate an electrical current in response to a changing electrical field, and wherein the electrical current is at least one source of the power signals.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein a first control element of the two or more control elements includes the coil and is distinct from a second control element of the two or more control elements, the second control element including a second coil, wherein the second coil includes a second ferromagnetic core and is configured to generate a second electrical current in response to the changing electrical field, wherein the second control element transmits the power signals, and wherein the second electrical current is a second source of the power signals.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the rechargeable battery is charged using the power signals.