Providing definitions that are sensitive to the context of a text

• US 8,645,364 B2
• Filed: 03/31/2011
• Issued: 02/04/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: O'Neill, Thomas G.
• Primary Examiner(s): LIAO, JASON G
• Application Number:
  US13/076,685
• Publication Number:
  US 20120150848A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,041 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 707/723
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/24578 using ranking
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/242 Dictionaries

Abstract

Systems and techniques for providing definitions to a user. The provision embodies the context of a text in which the defined term appears. In one aspect, a system includes an electronic device that includes one or more data processing devices programmed to respond to receipt of the user selection of the first term by performing operations. The operations include accessing, from the one or more persistent data storage devices, the characterizations of the contexts of the texts, comparing the accessed characterizations of the contexts of the texts with one or more characteristics of the context of the textual content of a media file, and ranking the definitions of the first term according to respective likelihoods that the definitions appropriately characterize the usage of the first term within the textual content of the media file.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

an electronic device comprising;

one or more persistent data storage devices storing

multiple definitions of a first term, wherein each of particular ones of the definitions is stored in association with information that specifies a manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterizes a usage of the first term in one or more contexts that are characterized according to one or more identified textual indications for each of one or more texts in which the first term appears, and one or more media files that each include textual content that includes the first term;

one or more display devices configured to display the textual content of a first of the media files;

one or more input devices configured to receive a user selection of the first term within a portion of textual content from the textual content of the first of the media files; and

one or more data processing devices programmed to respond to receipt of the user selection of the first term by performing operations comprising;

determining, for the portion of the textual content, a context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content of the first of the media files, wherein the determining is based on at least one identified textual indication that is identified in the portion of the textual content by the one or more data processing devices,

accessing, from the one or more persistent data storage devices, the information that specifies the manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterize the usage of the first term in the one or more contexts,

comparing the accessed information with the determined context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content of the first of the media files, and

ranking the definitions of the first term according to respective likelihoods that the definitions provide correct characterizations of the usage of the first term within the portion of the textual content, wherein the ranking is based on the comparing.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the multiple definitions of the first term are stored in different dictionaries, each of the dictionaries including definitions that correctly characterize term usage in different contexts.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the first of the media files further comprises metadata characterizing the textual content; and

the one or more data processing devices is programmed to access the metadata to determine the context of the portion of the textual content.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a syntactic analyzer that determines the syntactic context of the first term within the textual content.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein:

at least some of the definitions are stored in association with characterizations of time periods; and

the one or more data processing devices are programmed to compare the time periods with a date when the text was authored.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein:

at least some of the definitions are stored in association with characterizations of time periods; and

the one or more data processing devices are programmed to analyze the textual content to determine the characterizations of the contexts of the texts.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein:

at least some of the definitions are stored in association with characterizations of subject matter; and

the one or more data processing devices are programmed to compare the subject matter with a subject matter of the particular textual content.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein:

at least some of the definitions are stored in association with characterizations of geographic contexts; and

the one or more data processing devices are programmed to compare the geographic context associated with the definitions with a geographic context of the portion of the textual content.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more contexts are characterized according to one or more of a historical indication, a geographic indication, or a subject matter indication for each of the one or more texts in which the first term appears.

10. A method performed by a system of one or more data processing devices, the method comprising:

receiving, by the system, user selection of a first term found in textual content displayed by the system, wherein the term has multiple definitions and each of particular ones of the definitions is stored in association with information that specifies a manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterizes a usage of the first term in one or more contexts and wherein the contexts are characterized according to one or more identified textual indications for each of one or more texts in which the first term appears;

determining, by the system, a context that identifies how a portion of the textual content is used within the textual content, wherein the portion of the textual content includes the first term, wherein the determining is based on at least one identified textual indication that is identified in the portion of the textual content by the system;

accessing, by the system, information that specifies the manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterize the usage of the first term in the one or more contexts;

comparing, by the system, the accessed information with the determined context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content of the first of the media files;

ranking, by the system, the different definitions of the selected term based at least in part on a result of the comparison; and

displaying, by the system, one or more of the different definitions according to the ranking of the different definitions.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the system comprises a server system that performs the comparing and the ranking and a remote electronic device that performs the displaying.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

receiving, by the system, a user confirmation of a propriety or impropriety of a displayed definition.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

receiving user selection of a second term found in the text; and

ranking, by the system, different definitions of the second term based at least in part on the user confirmation of the propriety or impropriety of the definition of the first term; and

displaying, by the system, one or more of the different definitions of the second term according to the ranking of the different definitions of the second term,

wherein the first term differs from the second term.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising transmitting a message characterizing the user confirmation of the propriety or impropriety of the displayed definition to a remote dictionary data system.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content comprises searching, by the system, the textual content to identify one or more textual indications for one or more of a historical indication, a geographic indication, or a subject matter indication of the textual content.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content further comprises:

accessing, by the system, metadata in a media file that is associated with the text; and

comparing, by the system, the metadata with the identified textual indications.

17. A system of electronic devices, the system comprising:

a plurality of electronic devices each comprising;

one or more data processors programmed to receive user confirmations of a propriety or impropriety of different definitions for characterizing usage of a first term in a particular text and

a communication interface configured to output messages characterizing the user confirmations and the particular text; and

a dictionary data system comprising

a communication interface configured to receive the messages output by the electronic devices in the plurality and

one or more persistent data storage devices storing characterizations of the user confirmations received from the electronic devices in the plurality, the stored characterizations identifying the contexts of the particular texts,

wherein at least some of the plurality of electronic devices comprise

one or more persistent data storage devices storing

multiple definitions of a first term, wherein each of particular ones of the definitions is stored in association with information that specifies a manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterizes a usage of the first term in one or more contexts that are characterized according to one or more identified textual indications for each of one or more texts in which the first term appears, and

one or more media files that each include textual content that includes the first term;

one or more display devices configured to display the textual content of a first of the media files;

one or more input devices configured to receive a user selection of the first term within a portion of textual content from the textual content of the first of the media files; and

one or more data processing devices programmed to respond to receipt of the user selection of the first term by performing operations comprising

determining, for the portion of the textual content, a context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content, wherein the determining is based on at least one identified textual indication that is identified in the portion of the textual content by the one or more data processors,

accessing, from the one or more persistent data storage devices, the information that specifies the manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterize the usage of the first term in the one or more contexts,

comparing the accessed information with the determined context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content of the first of the media files, and

ranking the definitions of the first term according to respective likelihoods that the definitions provide correct characterizations of the usage of the first term within the portion of the textual content, wherein the ranking is based on the comparing.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the stored characterizations identify one or more of a historical indicator, a geographic indicator, or a subject matter indicator of the particular texts in which the first term appears.

19. A method implemented by a system of one or more data processing devices, the method comprising:

receiving, at the system and from a plurality of remote electronic devices, a plurality of messages characterizing user confirmations of the propriety or impropriety of different definitions for characterizing usages of a first term in different texts;

storing information characterizing the definitions and the contexts of the texts in one or more persistent data storage devices, wherein each of particular ones of the definitions is stored in association with information that specifies a manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterizes a usage of the first term in one or more contexts that are characterized according to one or more identified textual indications for each of one or more texts in which the first term appears;

analyzing, by the system, the information stored at the one or more persistent data storage devices to determine ranks that represent likelihoods that the different definitions correctly characterize usages of the first term, wherein the analyzing comprises

determining, for a portion of the textual content that includes the first term, a context that identifies how the portion of the textual is used within the textual content, wherein the determining is based on at least one identified textual indication that is identified in the portion of the textual content by the one or more data processing devices,

accessing, from the one or more persistent data storage devices, the information that specifies the manner in which the particular one of the definitions characterize the usage of the first term in the one or more contexts,

comparing the accessed information with the determined context that identifies how the portion of the textual content is used within the textual content of a particular one of the different texts; and

outputting the ranks from the system.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein outputting the ranks comprises distributing the ranks to at least some of the remote electronic devices.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein storing the information comprises storing information characterizing one or more of a historical indicator, a geographic indicator, or a subject matter indicator for each of the one or more texts in which the first term appears.