Explicit character filtering of ambiguous text entry

• US 8,782,568 B2
• Filed: 01/23/2013
• Issued: 07/15/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/03/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cerence Operating Company (Cerence Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Nuance Communications, Inc. (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Bradford, Ethan R., Hullfish, Keith C., Kay, David J., Long, Michael R., van Meurs, Pim
• Primary Examiner(s): YEN, ERIC L
• Application Number:
  US13/748,501
• Publication Number:
  US 20130194191A1
• Time in Patent Office: 538 Days
• Field of Search: 715/200, 715/773, 715/864, 715/811, 341/22, 400/485, 379/368
• US Class Current: 715/864
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/3344 using natural language analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/338 Presentation of query results
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/35 Clustering; Classification
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/02 Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0233 Character input methods
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0235 using chord techniques G06F3/0234 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0236 using selection techniques to select from displayed items
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0237 using prediction or retrieval techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04842 Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements G06F3/0482 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 13/08 Text analysis or generation of parameters for speech synthesis out of text, e.g. grapheme to phoneme translation, prosody generation or stress or intonation determination

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for explicit filtering in ambiguous text entry. The invention provides embodiments including various explicit text entry methodologies, such as 2-key and long pressing. The invention also provides means for matching words in a database using build around methodology, stem locking methodology, word completion methodology, and n-gram searches.

Claims

1. An apparatus for explicit character filtering of ambiguous key input sequences, said apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a keyboard configured to accept a plurality of key inputs including explicit key inputs and ambiguous key inputs;

wherein responsive to receiving an explicit key input, a single, unambiguous intended character is received;

wherein an ambiguous key input indicates an intended character of a plurality of potentially intended characters, but the intended character is not known;

a memory coupled to said processor, wherein said memory comprises;

an object database storing objects associated with sequences of key inputs;

the processor further configured to receive a first sequence of key inputs comprising a plurality of characters some of which are entered by explicit key input and some of which are entered by ambiguous key input and generate, based on the first sequence of key inputs, a first set of search character sequences, wherein each character of each search character sequence of the first set of search character sequences corresponds to either an explicit key input or an ambiguous key input in the first sequence of key inputs and is selected from the plurality of intended or potentially intended characters associated with the corresponding respective explicit key input or ambiguous key input;

the processor further configured to search said database, based on the first set of search character sequences, for objects to identify a first set of potential desired objects found in said database and receive a selection of a first desired object from the first set of potential desired objects found in said database.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a desired object further comprises the one or more characters received by explicit key input.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the processor generates the desired object by concatenating characters in the following order:

the characters of the first desired object, the one or more characters received by explicit key input, and the characters of the second desired object.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said plurality of potentially intended characters comprise letters, digits, punctuation marks, Japanese kana, Korean jamos, and icons.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein objects comprise words, part of words, word stems, icons, phone numbers, inventory records, and sequences of characters.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising speech synthesis software and a speaker as a communication aid.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein explicit key input is received by any combination of:

2-key explicit entry comprising two keys entered in sequence, wherein the combination of the two keys entered in sequence identifies a single unambiguous intended character;

long pressing a key to display and cycle through a character sequence;

long pressing on a key to enter a number/digit explicitly;

changing to a numbers mode and pressing a key to enter a number/digit explicitly;

changing to a multi-tap mode and pressing a key repeatedly to enter a character explicitly;

interpreting ambiguous mode key presses as an explicit character, either by grouping each pair of key presses as a 2-key explicit entry, or by grouping repeated presses of the same key as a multi-tap entry;

using multi-switch keys, thereby permitting ambiguous entry on a simple press and an explicit character entry on a different kind of press;

chording by pressing more than one key simultaneously, with a primary key indicating an ambiguous set of characters and a secondary key indicating which character in the set to select; and

using a softkey as a secondary means for offering any character assigned to a key based on analysis of most likely character associated with a preceding keystroke or based on words in a current word candidate list.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein explicit key input by 2-key explicit entry comprises use of at least one of:

a matrix display;

a label including a subset of predetermined sets of associated characters; and

a scrolling list.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein long pressing a key to display and cycle through a character sequence further comprises, after a character sequence is displayed, either of:

a next character in said character sequence is highlighted each additional time said key is pressed, ending after a sufficient time elapses between one key press and the next or when a different key is pressed;

or

a next character in said character sequence is highlighted each time a navigation key is pressed.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a selection of a desired object from a set of potential desired objects found in said database is received subsequent to displaying the set of potential desired objects in a pre-determined order.

11. A method for generating a desired object, said method comprising:

receiving a first sequence of key inputs, some of which are explicit key inputs and some of which are ambiguous key inputs and;

generating, based on the first sequence of key inputs, a first set of character sequences;

wherein each character of each character sequence of the first set of character sequences corresponds to either an explicit key input or an ambiguous key input in the first sequence of key inputs and is selected from the plurality of intended or potentially intended characters associated with the corresponding respective explicit key input or ambiguous key input; and

searching a database, based on the first set of search character sequences, for objects to identify a first set of potential desired objects found in said database and receiving a selection of a first desired object from the first set of potential desired objects found in said database.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein a desired object further comprises the one or more characters received by explicit key input.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising generating the desired object by concatenating characters in the following order:

the characters of the first desired object, the one or more characters received by explicit key input, and the characters of the second desired object.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein said plurality of potentially intended characters comprise letters, digits, punctuation marks, Japanese kana, Korean jamos, and icons.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein objects comprise words, part of words, word stems, icons, phone numbers, inventory records, and sequences of characters.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein explicit key input is received by any combination of:

2-key explicit entry comprising two keys entered in sequence, wherein the combination of the two keys entered in sequence identifies a single unambiguous intended character;

long pressing a key to display and cycle through a character sequence;

long pressing on a key to enter a number/digit explicitly;

changing to a numbers mode and pressing a key to enter a number/digit explicitly;

changing to a multi-tap mode and pressing a key repeatedly to enter a character explicitly;

interpreting ambiguous mode key presses as an explicit character, either by grouping each pair of key presses as a 2-key explicit entry, or by grouping repeated presses of the same key as a multi-tap entry;

using multi-switch keys, thereby permitting ambiguous entry on a simple press and an explicit character entry on a different kind of press;

chording by pressing more than one key simultaneously, with a primary key indicating an ambiguous set of characters and a secondary key indicating which character in the set to select; and

using a softkey as a secondary means for offering any character assigned to a key based on analysis of most likely character associated with a preceding keystroke or based on words in a current word candidate list.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein explicit key input by 2-key explicit entry comprises use of at least one of:

a matrix display;

a label including a subset of predetermined sets of associated characters;

and

a scrolling list.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein long pressing a key to display and cycle through a character sequence further comprises, after a character sequence is displayed, either of:

a next character in said character sequence is highlighted each additional time said key is pressed, ending after a sufficient time elapses between one key press and the next or when a different key is pressed;

or

a next character in said character sequence is highlighted each time a navigation key is pressed.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein a selection of a first desired object from a set of potential desired objects found in said database is received subsequent to displaying the set of potential desired objects in a pre-determined order.