Millimeter-wave communications using a reflector

• US 8,797,211 B2
• Filed: 02/10/2011
• Issued: 08/05/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 02/10/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Valdes-Garcia, Alberto
• Primary Examiner(s): Issing, Gregory C
• Application Number:
  US13/024,881
• Publication Number:
  US 20120206299A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,272 Days
• Field of Search: 342/359, 342/367
• US Class Current: 342/367
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/007 specially adapted for indoor communication
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 19/102 wherein the surfaces are of convex toroïdal shape biconical horns H01Q13/04
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 19/104 using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas periscopic fed Cassegrain antennas H01Q19/191; passive relays H04B7/145
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/20 wherein the primary active element is fixed and the reflecting device is movable
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/26 varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture H01Q3/12, H01Q3/22, H01Q3/24 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/145 Passive relay systems

Abstract

Methods and systems for establishing a non-line of sight millimeter wave connection that include a transmitter unit having beam-steering capability, a receiver unit having beam-steering capability, and a reflecting unit in a position having a line-of-sight path to the transmitter unit and the receiver unit. The reflecting unit includes an attachment mechanism configured to attach to a mounting point on an object or surface, a reflecting surface that is reflective to millimeter-wave radiation, and an adjustable pivot connected between the attachment mechanism and the reflecting surface configured to permit directional positioning of the reflecting surface relative to the attachment mechanism.

Claims

1. A reflector, comprising:

an attachment mechanism connecting to a mounting point on an object or surface;

a reflecting surface that is reflective to millimeter-wave (mmWave) radiation;

an adjustable pivot connected between the attachment mechanism and the reflecting surface configured to permit directional positioning of the reflecting surface relative to the attachment mechanism such that a non-line-of-sight connection between an mmWave transmitter and an mmWave receiver is formed;

a motor disposed in a joint of the adjustable pivot, configured to adjust the pivot to change the directional position of the reflecting surface relative to the attachment mechanism;

a signal strength detector configured to measure the intensity of the mmWave radiation at the reflector; and

a broadcast device, disposed within the reflecting surface with respect to the mmWave transmitter and receiver, configured to electromagnetically broadcast link status information for the mmWave transmitter and receiver at a frequency low enough to pass through obstacles that absorb mmWave frequencies,

wherein the signal strength detector and the broadcast device are disposed within apertures in the reflecting surface.

2. The reflector of claim 1,

wherein the broadcast device is connected to the signal strength detector configured to activate when signal has been detected.

3. The reflector of claim 2, wherein the broadcast device is activated when signal strength exceeds a threshold value.

4. The reflector of claim 2, wherein the broadcast device is configured to activate in a pattern that corresponds to signal strength.

5. The reflector of claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface has a convex shape.

6. The reflector of claim 1, wherein the adjustable pivot comprises an elbow joint.

7. The reflector of claim 1, wherein the adjustable pivot comprises a ball-and-socket joint.

8. The reflector of claim 1, wherein the broadcast device is configured to broadcast link status information after a received signal strength has exceeded a threshold.

9. The reflector of claim 1, wherein the broadcast device is configured to broadcast link status information that includes a measurement of signal strength from the mmWave transmitter as well as information relating to network identification for the mmWave transmitter and receiver.

10. A communication system, comprising:

a millimeter-wave (mmWave) transmitter unit configured to perform beam-steering;

an mmWave receiver unit configured to perform beam-steering; and

a reflecting unit disposed in a position having a line-of-sight path to the transmitter unit and the receiver unit, comprising;

a reflective surface;

a flexible mount for positioning the reflective surface to form a non-line-of-sight path between the transmitter unit and the receiver unit;

a motor disposed in a joint of the flexible mount, configured to change the directional position of the reflecting surface relative to an attachment mechanism;

a signal strength detector configured to detect mmWave radiation; and

a broadcast device configured to electromagnetically broadcast link status information for the mmWave transmitter and receiver at a frequency low enough to pass through obstacles that absorb mmWave frequencies,

wherein the broadcast device and the signal strength detector are disposed within apertures in the reflective surface.

11. The communication system of claim 10, wherein the mmWave transmitter unit and the mmWave receiver unit are located in or on different buildings.

12. The communication system of claim 10, wherein the mmWave transmitter unit and the mmWave receiver unit are located less than ten meters apart.

13. A method for establishing a non-line-of-sight connection comprising:

providing a reflector having a flexible mount at a location in a line-of-sight path from both a transmitter unit and a receiver unit, the reflector further detecting signal strength using a signal strength detector;

adjusting the transmitter unit to steer a beam toward the reflector;

adjusting the receiver unit to steer a receiving pattern toward the reflector;

if the receiver unit cannot form a connection with the transmitter unit through the reflector, adjusting the flexible mount of the reflector, using a motor in the flexible mount, into a direction that forms a non-line-of-sight path between the transmitter unit and the receiver unit; and

electromagnetically broadcasting link status information for the transmitter and the receiver using a broadcast device at a frequency low enough to pass through obstacles that absorb mmWave frequencies,

wherein the signal strength detector and the broadcast device are disposed within apertures in the reflector.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the adjusting is automatically performed by adjustment mechanisms within the reflector.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the reflector includes a convex reflecting surface.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein adjusting the transmitter unit includes iteratively testing transmitter beam positions until a received signal strength at the reflector exceeds a threshold.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein adjusting the receiver unit includes iteratively testing receiving pattern positions until a received signal strength at the receiver unit exceeds a threshold.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein adjusting the transmitter unit and adjusting the receiver unit is repeated after adjusting the flexible mount of the reflector.

19. The method of claim 13, further comprising communicating a link status between the transmitter unit and the reflector to trigger adjusting the receiver unit.

20. A computer readable storage medium comprising a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program when executed on a computer causes the computer to perform the steps of:

adjusting a flexible mount of a reflector having a reflective surface until a signal from a transmitter is detected;

determining a link state between the transmitter and a receiver by way of the reflector using a signal strength detector;

adjusting the flexible mount, using a motor in the flexible mount, into a direction that forms a non-line-of-sight path between the transmitter unit and a receiver unit based on the determined link state; and

electromagnetically broadcasting link status information for the transmitter and the receiver from the reflector using a broadcast device at a frequency low enough to pass through obstacles that absorb mmWave frequencies,

wherein the signal strength detector and the broadcast device are disposed within apertures in the reflector.