Power interchange system for interchanging electric energy between a battery and an electric grid, method for interchanging electric energy between a battery and an electric grid and application of the power interchange system

• US 8,922,056 B2
• Filed: 04/26/2011
• Issued: 12/30/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/03/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Thisted, Jan
• Primary Examiner(s): Fureman, Jared
• Assistant Examiner(s): Laguerre, Carlos
• Application Number:
  US13/094,050
• Publication Number:
  US 20110266871A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,344 Days
• Field of Search: 307/45, 307/46, 307/47, 307/66, 320/109, 700/101
• US Class Current: 307/46
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/1892 the arrangements being an integral part of the load, e.g. a motor, or of its control circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/34 Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering H02J7/14 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Abstract

A power interchange system for interchanging electric energy between a battery and an electric grid is provided The power interchange system includes a rectifier unit for converting alternating current of the electric grid into direct current for charging the battery; a grid measurement device for measuring an electric parameter of the electric grid, and a controller unit for adjusting the direct current for the charging the battery as a function of the electric parameter of the electric grid. Moreover a method for interchanging electric energy between a battery and an electric grid is provided.

Claims

1. A power interchange system for interchanging electric energy between a battery and an electric grid, the interchange system comprising:

a rectifier unit for converting alternating current of the electric grid into direct current for charging the battery;

a grid measurement device for measuring an electric parameter of the electric grid;

a controller unit for adjusting the direct current for charging the battery as a function of the electric parameter of the electric grid, and

a grid response controller which calculates active and/or reactive current or power reference set points during dips in the electric grid voltage,

wherein the set points are calculated as a function of a predefined look up table for the relation between the electric grid voltage and the active and/or reactive current or a power flow between the rectifier unit and the electric grid when the electric grid voltage dips below a predetermined threshold level,

wherein the set points are used to maintain operation of a battery charging unit in an inverter mode as a generating unit during the electric grid voltage dips,

wherein the power interchange system is monitored and controlled from a remote location, and

wherein inputs from a battery charging/discharging controller, the grid response controller, and a data communication link are processed in an order of priority by the controller unit in order to provide electric grid disturbance response as requested by the grid response controller, to provide protection of the battery as requested by the battery charging/discharging controller, and to control the battery charging/discharging.

2. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the electric parameter of the electric grid is selected from the group consisting of current, voltage and frequency of the electric grid.

3. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the controller unit is configured such that a predefined direct current for charging or discharging the battery is provided as a function of the electric parameter.

4. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the controller unit is configured such that a local power grid disturbance within the electric grid is detected and power grid support is provided.

5. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the controller unit is configured such that a local power grid disturbance within the electric grid is detected or power grid support is provided.

6. The power interchange system according to claim 1, further comprising a main current circuit, which is selected from the group consisting of a single phase circuit, a two phase circuit and a three phase circuit.

7. The power interchange system according to claim 1, further comprising an inverter unit for converting direct current of the battery into alternating current for supplying the electric grid with the alternating current.

8. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the grid measurement device and the controller unit are physically separated from the electric grid and from the battery.

9. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the grid measurement device or the controller unit are physically separated from the electric grid or from the battery.

10. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the power interchange system is monitored or controlled from a remote location.

11. The power interchange system according to claim 1, wherein the battery is selected from the group consisting of battery for a vehicle, flow battery and electrochemical battery.

12. An arrangement of at least two of the power interchange systems,

wherein each power interchange system, comprises:

a rectifier unit for converting alternating current of the electric grid into direct current for charging the battery,

a grid measurement device for measuring an electric parameter of the electric grid,

a controller unit for adjusting the direct current for the charging the battery as a function of the electric parameter of the electric grid, and

a grid response controller which calculates active and/or reactive current or power reference set points during dips in the electric grid voltage,

wherein the power interchange systems can be operated in parallel,

wherein the set points are calculated as a function of a predefined look up table for the relation between the electric grid voltage and the active and/or reactive current or a power flow between the rectifier unit and the electric grid when the electric grid voltage dips below a predetermined threshold level,

wherein the set points are used to maintain operation of a battery charging unit in an inverter mode as a generating unit during the electric grid voltage dips,

wherein the power interchange systems are monitored and controlled from a remote location, and

wherein inputs from a battery charging/discharging controller, the grid response controller, and a data communication link are processed in an order of priority by the controller unit in order to provide electric grid disturbance response as requested by the grid response controller, to provide protection of the battery as requested by the battery charging/discharging controller, and to control the battery charging/discharging.

13. The arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the electric parameter of the electric grid is selected from the group consisting of current, voltage and frequency of the electric grid.

14. The arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the controller unit is configured such that a predefined direct current for charging or discharging the battery is provided as a function of the electric parameter.

15. The arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the controller unit is configured such that a local power grid disturbance within the electric grid is detected and power grid support is provided.

16. The arrangement according to claim 12, wherein the controller unit is configured such that a local power grid disturbance within the electric grid is detected or power grid support is provided.

17. A method for interchanging electric energy between a battery and an electric grid by operating a power interchange system, the method comprising:

providing the power interchange system, the battery and an electric grid, wherein the battery and the electric grid are interconnected such that electric energy is interchanged between the battery and the electric grid;

measuring an electric parameter of the electric grid using a grid measurement device of the power interchange system;

adjusting direct current for charging the battery as a function of the electric parameter of the electric grid using a controller unit of the power interchange system,

converting alternating current of the electric grid into the direct current for charging the battery using a rectifier unit of the power interchange system,

charging the battery using the direct current, and

calculating active and/or reactive current or power reference set points during dips in the electric grid voltage below a predetermined threshold level,

wherein the set points are calculated as a function of a predefined look up table for the relation between the electric grid voltage and the active and/or reactive current or a power flow between the rectifier unit and the electric grid when the electric grid voltage dips below the predetermined threshold level,

using the set points to maintain operation of a battery charging unit in an inverter mode as a generating unit during the electric grid voltage dips,

wherein the power interchange system is monitored and controlled from a remote location, and

processing inputs from a battery charging/discharging controller, the grid response controller, and a data communication link in an order of priority by the controller unit in order to provide electric grid disturbance response as requested by the grid response controller, to provide protection of the battery as requested by the battery charging/discharging controller, and to control the battery charging/discharging.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the measuring, the adjusting, the converting and/or the charging are executed simultaneously.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the battery is selected from the group consisting of battery for a vehicle, flow battery and electrochemical battery.