System for monitoring physiological characteristics

• US 8,961,416 B2
• Filed: 05/30/2007
• Issued: 02/24/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Siddiqui, Uzair, Patel, Himanshu P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Natnithithadha, Navin
• Application Number:
  US11/807,786
• Publication Number:
  US 20070232880A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,827 Days
• Field of Search: 600/300, 600/309, 600345-366
• US Class Current: 600/365
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0223 of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0252 using ambient temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/045 with a separable interface unit, e.g. for communication
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1468 using chemical or electrochemical methods, e.g. by polarographic means A61B5/1486 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1486 using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1495 Calibrating or testing of in-vivo probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7275 Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/746 Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms alarms per se G08B
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 15/00 ICT specially adapted for medical reports, e.g. generation or transmission thereof
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/17 delivered via infusion or injection
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 for remote operation

Abstract

Apparatuses and methods for medical monitoring physiological characteristic values such as blood glucose levels for the treatment of diabetes, are presented. The apparatuses and methods provide advanced alarm and reminder functions, as well as advanced data presentation tools to further facilitate convenient and efficient management of various physiological conditions. For example, an alarm repeat delay can be used to prevent redundant alarms for a specified period and an alarm snooze function can be used to prevent alarms generally for a specified period.

Claims

1. A physiological characteristic monitor, comprising:

a sensor input capable of receiving a signal from a sensor, the signal being based on a sensed physiological characteristic value of a user; and

a processor for operating an alarm based on;

user input from an input device; and

the signal received from the sensor;

wherein;

operating the alarm comprises setting parameters of the alarm based on the user input from the input device;

the alarm indicates a high limit alarm condition when the sensed physiological characteristic value exceeds a set high limit range and a low limit alarm condition when the sensed physiological characteristic value exceeds a set low limit range; and

subsequent alarms are inhibited during a high limit alarm repeat delay period after the alarm indicates a high limit alarm condition and a low limit alarm repeat delay period after the alarm indicates a low limit alarm condition;

wherein the high limit alarm repeat delay period is different from the low limit alarm repeat delay period.

2. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 1, wherein the physiological characteristic value is a measurement of the concentration of blood glucose in the user and the alarm indicates a glycemic condition.

3. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein a display shows the measurement of the concentration of blood glucose indicating the glycemic condition until the alarm is acknowledged by the user.

4. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 3, wherein the display shows a time of the alarm.

5. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the glycemic condition comprises a hypoglycemic condition and the parameters of the alarm set based on the user input include a specified hypoglycemic blood glucose level, and further wherein the alarm indicates the hypoglycemic condition when the measurement of the concentration of blood glucose in the user is less than or equal to the specified hypoglycemic blood glucose level.

6. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 5, wherein a display shows a low indicator to indicate the hypoglycemic condition.

7. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the glycemic condition comprises a hyperglycemic condition and the parameters of the alarm set based on the user input include a specified hyperglycemic blood glucose level, and further wherein the alarm indicates the hyperglycemic condition when the measurement of the concentration of blood glucose in the user is greater than or equal to the specified hyperglycemic blood glucose level.

8. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 7, wherein a display shows a high indicator to indicate the hyperglycemic condition.

9. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the alarm indicates the glycemic condition only if a monitor is calibrated.

10. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the glycemic condition comprises a hypoglycemic condition, and the alarm is indicated by at least two audible descending tones.

11. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the glycemic condition comprises a hyperglycemic condition, and the alarm is indicated by at least two audible ascending tones.

12. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein subsequent alarms are inhibited for an alarm repeat delay period after the measurement of the concentration of blood glucose indicates the glycemic condition.

13. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 12, wherein the low limit alarm repeat delay period is approximately 20 minutes for the glycemic condition comprising a hypoglycemic condition.

14. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 12, wherein the high limit alarm repeat delay period is approximately 1 hour for the glycemic condition comprising a hyperglycemic condition.

15. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the high limit and low limit alarm repeat delay periods are different based upon an alarm threshold triggering the alarm, and wherein multiple alarm thresholds are used to indicate different severities of the glycemic condition.

16. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the high limit and low limit alarm repeat delay periods are set by the user scrolling through a list of delay increments and selecting the desired high limit alarm repeat delay period and low limit alarm repeat delay period from the list of delay increments.

17. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the high limit and low limit alarm repeat delay periods are set by the user utilizing up arrow and down arrow buttons.

18. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 2, wherein the high limit and low limit alarm repeat delay periods are set separately for the glycemic condition comprising a hypoglycemic condition and a hyperglycemic condition.

19. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 18, wherein the low limit alarm repeat delay period has a default value of approximately 20 minutes for the glycemic condition comprising the hypoglycemic condition.

20. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 18, wherein the high limit alarm repeat delay period has a default value of approximately 1 hour for the glycemic condition comprising the hyperglycemic condition.

21. A physiological characteristic monitor, comprising:

a sensor input capable of receiving a signal from a sensor, the signal being based on a sensed physiological characteristic value of a user; and

a processor for operating an alarm based on;

user input from an input device; and

the signal received from the sensor;

wherein;

operating the alarm comprises setting parameters of the alarm based on the user input from the input device;

the alarm indicates a first alarm condition when the sensed physiological characteristic value exceeds a set first threshold range and a second alarm condition when the sensed physiological characteristic value exceeds a second threshold range; and

subsequent alarms are inhibited during a first alarm repeat delay period after the alarm indicates a first alarm condition and a second alarm repeat delay period after the alarm indicates a second alarm condition;

wherein the first alarm repeat delay period is different from the second alarm repeat delay period.

22. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 21, wherein operating the alarm comprises reviewing a historical list of alarms based on the user input from the input device.

23. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 22, wherein the physiological characteristic value is a measurement of the concentration of blood glucose in the user and the alarm indicates a glycemic condition.

24. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 23, wherein a display shows the measurements of the concentration of blood glucose in the user only within a specified range of a monitor.

25. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 24, wherein the specified range is from 40 to 400 mg/dl.

26. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 24, wherein the display shows a high indicator for the measurements above the specified range.

27. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 24, wherein the display shows a low indicator for the measurements below the specified range.

28. A physiological characteristic monitor, comprising:

a sensor input capable of receiving a signal from a sensor, the signal being based on a sensed physiological characteristic value of a user; and

a processor for operating an alarm based on;

user input from an input device; and

the signal received from the sensor;

wherein;

operating the alarm comprises setting parameters of the alarm based on the user input from the input device;

the alarm indicates a first alarm condition when the sensed physiological characteristic value exceeds a set first threshold range and a second alarm condition when the sensed physiological characteristic value exceeds a second threshold range; and

an alarm snooze period for temporarily disabling the alarm subsequent to the alarm indicating the first alarm condition is set by the user input, wherein the alarm snooze period is disabled when the alarm indicates the second alarm condition.

29. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 28, wherein the physiological characteristic value is a measurement of the concentration of blood glucose in the user and the alarm indicates a glycemic condition.

30. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 29, wherein the alarm snooze period is different based upon an alarm threshold triggering the alarm, and wherein multiple alarm thresholds are used to indicate different severities of the glycemic condition.

31. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 29, wherein the alarm snooze period is only available for a glycemic condition comprising a hyperglycemic condition.

32. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 29, wherein the alarm snooze period is deactivated upon adjusting a hyperglycemic alarm setting.

33. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 29, wherein a display shows a snooze indicator when the snooze period is running and a monitor is calibrated.

34. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 33, wherein the display shows time remaining of the alarm snooze period.

35. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 29, wherein the alarm snooze period is set by the user scrolling through a list of snooze period increments and selecting the desired alarm snooze period from the list of snooze period increments.

36. The physiological characteristic monitor of claim 29, wherein the alarm snooze period is set by the user utilizing up arrow and down arrow buttons.