High yield ladle bottoms

• US 9,005,518 B2
• Filed: 01/30/2012
• Issued: 04/14/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 02/18/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: HarbisonWalker International, Inc. (HarbisonWalker International Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: North American Refractories Company (RGP Holding, Inc.)
• Inventors: Barrett, Ronald, Abrino, Donald
• Primary Examiner(s): ZHENG, LOIS L
• Application Number:
  US13/360,858
• Publication Number:
  US 20120126467A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,170 Days
• Field of Search: 266/200, 266/236, 266/274, 266/275, 266/283, 222/590, 222/591, 222/594
• US Class Current: 266/283
• CPC Class Codes: B22D 41/02 Linings
• CPC Class Codes: F27D 1/0043 Floors, hearths
• CPC Class Codes: F27D 1/04 characterised by the form , e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
• CPC Class Codes: F27D 1/10 Monolithic linings; Supports therefor

Abstract

A refractory bottom lining for lining the bottom of a metallurgical vessel. The refractory bottom includes a stepped portion and an impact portion. The impact portion is formed of a first refractory material. The stepped portion is formed of a second refractory material and is disposed around the impact portion. The stepped portion includes an upper surface that has a plurality of discrete surface sections. The plurality of discrete surface sections includes an uppermost surface section, at least two intermediate surface sections and a lowermost surface section. Each surface section has a different elevation such that the uppermost surface section has a highest elevation and the lowermost surface section has a lowest elevation. The uppermost surface section, the at least two intermediate surface sections and the lowermost surface section define a continuously downward stepped path from the uppermost surface section to the lowermost surface section.

Claims

1. A refractory bottom lining for a metallurgical vessel, said metallurgical vessel having a bottom and a side wall, said bottom lining having:

a bottom surface that is dimensioned to overlay said bottom of said metallurgical vessel;

an outer peripheral edge dimensioned to be spaced from said side wall of said metallurgical vessel;

an impact portion formed of a first refractory material, said impact portion having an upper surface and an outer peripheral edge;

a stepped portion formed of a second refractory material, said stepped portion disposed around said outer peripheral edge of said impact portion, said stepped portion having;

an upper surface comprising a plurality of discrete surface sections including an uppermost surface section, at least two intermediate surface sections and a lowermost surface section, said uppermost surface section, said at least two intermediate surface sections and said lowermost surface section disposed around a periphery of said impact portion such that said upper surface of said impact portion is spaced from said outer peripheral edge of said bottom lining,

each surface section of said upper surface being disposed at a different elevation wherein said uppermost surface section has a highest elevation, said lowermost surface section has a lowest elevation, and said at least two intermediate surface sections each have an intermediate elevation that is different from each other and are disposed between said highest elevation and said lowest elevation, all of said discrete surface sections forming said upper surface of said stepped portion being arranged in elevation-descending order from said uppermost surface section to said lowermost surface section to define a continuously downward stepped path from said uppermost surface section to said lowermost surface section, wherein each successive surface section along said continuously downward stepped path is lower than a preceding surface section in said continuously downward stepped path; and

an opening extending through said lowermost surface section of said stepped portion to allow a molten metal to drain from said metallurgical vessel.

2. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 1, wherein said continuously downward stepped path is circular in a counter-clockwise direction.

3. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 1, wherein said uppermost surface section of said stepped portion and said upper surface of said impact portion have the same elevation.

4. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 1, wherein a raised curb is disposed on said lowermost surface section, said raised curb extending from said opening to a location on said lowermost surface section, said location spaced from an adjacent intermediate surface section.

5. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 4, wherein one side of said raised curb is spaced from said outer peripheral edge of said bottom lining and another side of said raised curb is spaced from said impact portion.

6. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 1, wherein said opening in said lowermost surface section is disposed adjacent to said uppermost surface section.

7. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 1, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of a refractory castable.

8. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 1, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of refractory bricks.

9. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 1, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of a combination of a refractory castable and refractory bricks.

10. A refractory bottom lining for lining a bottom of a metallurgical vessel having a side wall, said bottom lining being a three-dimensional structure formed of a refractory material and having:

a bottom surface that is dimensioned to overlay said bottom of said metallurgical vessel;

an outer peripheral edge dimensioned to be spaced from said side wall of said metallurgical vessel;

a stepped portion formed of a first refractory material, said stepped portion having;

an upper surface comprising a plurality of discrete surface sections including an uppermost surface section, at least two intermediate surface sections and a lowermost surface section,

each surface section of said upper surface being disposed at a different elevation wherein said uppermost surface section has a highest elevation, said lowermost surface section has a lowest elevation, and said intermediate surface sections each have an intermediate elevation that is different from each other and disposed between said highest elevation and said lowest elevation, all of said discrete surface sections forming said upper surface of said stepped portion being arranged in elevation-descending order from said uppermost surface section to said lowermost surface section to define a continuously downward stepped path from said uppermost surface section to said lowermost surface section, wherein each successive surface section along said continuously downward stepped path is lower than a preceding surface section in said continuously downward stepped path;

an opening extending through said lowermost surface section of said stepped portion to allow a molten metal to drain from said metallurgical vessel; and

a raised curb disposed on said lowermost surface section of said stepped portion, said raised curb extending from said opening to a location on said lowermost surface section, said location spaced from an adjacent intermediate surface section, said raised curb having a first side spaced from said outer peripheral edge of said bottom lining and a second side spaced from said impact portion.

11. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 10, further having an impact portion formed of a second refractory material, said impact portion embedded within a central portion of said bottom lining such that said upper surface of said stepped portion of said bottom lining is disposed around an outer peripheral edge of said impact portion.

12. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 11, wherein said impact portion has an upper surface, said upper surface of said impact portion and said uppermost surface section of said stepped portion having the same elevation.

13. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 10, wherein said opening in said lowermost surface section is disposed adjacent to said uppermost surface section.

14. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 10, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of a refractory castable.

15. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 10, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of refractory bricks.

16. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 10, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of a combination of a refractory castable and refractory bricks.

17. A refractory bottom lining for lining a bottom of a metallurgical vessel, said bottom lining being a three-dimensional structure formed of a refractory material and having:

a bottom surface that is dimensioned to overlay said bottom of said metallurgical vessel;

a stepped portion formed of a first refractory material, said stepped portion having

an upper surface comprised of an uppermost surface section, at least two intermediate surface sections and a lowermost surface section,

said surface sections of said upper surface being arranged in elevation-descending order from said uppermost surface section to said lowermost surface section to define two continuously downward stepped paths from said uppermost surface section to said lowermost surface section, wherein each successive surface section along each of said two continuously downward stepped paths is lower than a preceding surface section in said continuously downward stepped path and wherein said surface sections are disposed such that a first of said two continuously downward stepped paths is arcuate in a counterclockwise direction about a first vertical axis extending through a central portion of said bottom lining and a second of said two continuously downward stepped paths is arcuate in a clockwise direction about a second vertical axis extending through a central portion of said bottom lining; and

an opening extending through said lowermost surface section of said stepped portion to allow a molten metal to drain from said metallurgical vessel.

18. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, further comprising:

an impact portion formed of a second refractory material, said impact portion embedded within said stepped portion of said bottom lining.

19. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein said uppermost surface section is curved.

20. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein said at least two intermediate surface sections and said lowermost surface section are sloped toward said opening in said bottom lining.

21. A refractory structure according to claim 17, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of a refractory castable.

22. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of refractory bricks.

23. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein said bottom lining is comprised of a combination of a refractory castable and refractory bricks.

24. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein one of said two continuously downward stepped paths includes at least two intermediate surface sections.

25. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein one of said two continuously downward stepped paths includes only one intermediate surface section.

26. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein the first vertical axis and the second vertical axis are the same axis.

27. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein said uppermost surface section is sloped.

28. A refractory bottom lining according to claim 17, wherein at least one of said at least two intermediate surface sections is sloped.