Wireless battery charging apparatus mounted in a vehicle designed to reduce electromagnetic interference

• US 9,018,904 B2
• Filed: 07/25/2012
• Issued: 04/28/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 08/12/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Seyerle, Donald R., Trzcinski, David J., Kendall, Howard E., Ball, Laura L
• Primary Examiner(s): DOAN, NGHIA M
• Application Number:
  US13/557,441
• Publication Number:
  US 20130038279A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,007 Days
• Field of Search: 320/113, 320/115
• US Class Current: 320/113
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 16/033 characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries for propulsion puposes B60K1/04; supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles B60S5/06; testing of charge state G01R31/36
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/363 made of electrically conductive material
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/46 for ICE-powered road vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/402 the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0044 specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries H02J7/0045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 9/002 with localised screening

Abstract

A vehicle is provided having a wireless battery charger that is mounted within the vehicle, and an electrostatic shield for reducing electromagnetic interference radiated by the wireless battery charger.

Claims

1. A vehicle, comprising:

electronic components mounted in or on the vehicle;

a console comprising a base and a lid; and

a wireless battery charging system, comprising;

a wireless battery charging apparatus mounted within the base of the console, the wireless battery charging apparatus comprising;

a primary coil that is designed to inductively couple magnetic energy for wirelessly charging a rechargeable electronic device; and

an electrostatic shield disposed in the console above the primary coil of the wireless battery charging apparatus to reduce electromagnetic fields generated by the primary coil from being coupled to the electronic components of the vehicle.

2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electronic components comprise a radio antenna mounted in or on the vehicle.

3. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electronic components comprise an electronics module mounted in or on the vehicle.

4. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic shield comprises:

a partial Faraday cage apparatus configured to reduce electric fields radiated by the primary coil from being coupled to the electronics components and substantially prevent the electromagnetic energy radiated by the primary coil from being received by the electronics components.

5. The vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the electrostatic shield comprises a conductor located overlying the primary coil within the wireless battery charging apparatus.

6. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the conductor is configured to significantly reduce electric fields radiated by the primary coil in a region above the conductor and to prevent the electric fields radiated by the primary coil from being coupled to the electronics components that are mounted in or on the vehicle, while still permitting the magnetic field energy to be radiated in the region above the conductor.

7. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the conductor has a width dimension greater than a width dimension of the primary coil.

8. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the primary coil is part of a wireless charging module, and wherein the conductor is embedded within the wireless charging module such that the conductor is disposed overlying the primary coil.

9. The vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the wireless charging module comprises a charging surface located above the conductor, and wherein the vehicle comprises a ground reference, and

wherein the conductor comprises a shielded portion, and wherein electrical coupling between the ground reference and the shielded portion of the conductor electrically grounds the conductor to attenuate undesired electric field components generated by the primary coil such that the undesired electric field components are not coupled to the electronics components while permitting magnetic field energy to charge the rechargeable electronic device that resides on the charging surface.

10. The vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the rechargeable electronic device is a wireless communication device, and wherein the conductive electrostatic shield is designed to attenuate undesired field components that would otherwise interfere with the electronic components, while allowing the intended field components including communication transmit and communication receive signals to be transmitted from or received by the wireless communication device.

11. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the conductor comprises an electrically-conductive plate.

12. The vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the electrically-conductive plate comprises one or more conductive layers.

13. The vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the one or more conductive layers comprise a layer of ferrite material on a layer of metal.

14. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the conductor comprises a conductive finger-like structure that includes a base conductor and a plurality of fine-pitch conductive fingers that extend from the base conductor, wherein the plurality of fine-pitch conductive fingers are spaced apart from each other with air gaps between each fin-pitch conductive finger.

15. The vehicle according to claim 14, wherein the vehicle comprises a ground reference, and wherein the plurality of fine-pitch conductive fingers are grounded by an electrical coupling to the ground reference.

16. The vehicle according to claim 15, wherein the electrostatic shield comprises an etched side of a printed circuit board (PCB).

17. The vehicle according to claim 15, wherein the electrostatic shield comprises a flexible carrier with a conductive coating.

18. The vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle comprises a ground reference, and wherein the partial Faraday cage apparatus comprises:

an enclosure that is made of a conductive material that is electrically coupled to the ground reference, wherein the enclosure includes an aperture into which the rechargeable electronic device is inserted, wherein the enclosure comprises a solid conductive material or meshed conductive material.

19. The vehicle according to claim 18, wherein the enclosure comprises a grounded five-sided box that comprises five-plates that are fastened together.

20. The vehicle according to claim 18, wherein the enclosure encompasses and at least partially encloses the primary coil, and wherein the enclosure is disposed overlying the primary coil.

21. A vehicle, comprising:

electronic components mounted in or on the vehicle;

a wireless battery charging system, comprising;

a wireless battery charging apparatus mounted within the vehicle, the wireless battery charging apparatus comprising;

a primary coil that is designed to inductively couple magnetic energy for wirelessly charging a rechargeable electronic device; and

an electrostatic shield designed to reduce electromagnetic fields from being coupled to the electronic components of the vehicle, wherein the electrostatic shield comprises;

a conductor located overlying the primary coil within the wireless battery charging apparatus, the conductor comprising;

a conductive finger-like structure that includes a base conductor and a plurality of fine-pitch conductive fingers that extend from the base conductor, wherein the plurality of fine-pitch conductive fingers are spaced apart from each other with air gaps between each fine-pitch conductive finger.

22. A vehicle according to claim 21, wherein the vehicle comprises a ground reference, and wherein the plurality of fine-pitch conductive fingers are grounded by an electrical coupling to the ground reference.

23. A vehicle, comprising:

electronic components mounted in or on the vehicle;

a wireless battery charging system, comprising;

a wireless battery charging apparatus mounted within the vehicle, the wireless battery charging apparatus comprising;

a primary coil that is designed to inductively couple magnetic energy for wirelessly charging a rechargeable electronic device; and

an electrostatic shield designed to reduce electromagnetic fields from being coupled to the electronic components of the vehicle, wherein the electrostatic shield comprises;

a box-shaped enclosure that is made of a conductive material that is electrically coupled to the ground reference, wherein the box-shaped enclosure includes an aperture into which the rechargeable electronic device is inserted, wherein the box-shaped enclosure comprises a solid conductive material or meshed conductive material that is configured to reduce electric fields radiated by the primary coil from being coupled to the electronics components and substantially prevent the electromagnetic energy radiated by the primary coil from being received by the electronics components.

24. A vehicle according to claim 23, wherein the box-shaped enclosure comprises:

a grounded five-sided box that comprises five-plates that are fastened together.

25. A vehicle according to claim 23, wherein the box-shaped enclosure encompasses and at least partially encloses the primary coil, and wherein the box-shaped enclosure is disposed overlying the primary coil.