Wide field-of-view virtual image projector

• US 9,019,615 B2
• Filed: 06/12/2012
• Issued: 04/28/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 06/12/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Travis, Adrian
• Primary Examiner(s): Allen, Stephone B
• Assistant Examiner(s): THOMAS, BRANDI N
• Application Number:
  US13/494,722
• Publication Number:
  US 20130329301A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,050 Days
• Field of Search: 359619-633
• US Class Current: 359/630
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 13/06 Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0125 Field-of-view increase by wavefront division
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0178 Eyeglass type eyeglass details G02C
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0081 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/017 Head mounted
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/1814 structurally combined with one or more further optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors, prisms or other diffraction gratings G02B5/189 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0028 Light guide, e.g. taper
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0033 Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/34 utilising prism or grating G02B6/293 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/42 Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/4298 coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers

Abstract

A wide field-of-view virtual image projector includes a rod light guide that is embossed with at least a first diffraction grating and a second diffraction grating that is substantially parallel to the first diffraction grating. The first diffraction grating is configured to receive a first light ray, and to project first diffracted light rays from the rod light guide at a first range of angles. The second diffraction grating is configured to receive a second light ray, and to project second diffracted light rays from the rod light guide at a second range of angles. The virtual image projector further includes a slab light guide configured to receive the first diffracted light rays and the second diffracted light rays, and to diffract the first diffracted light rays and the second diffracted light rays out of the slab light guide to generate a virtual image with a wide field-of view.

Claims

1. A virtual image projector comprising:

a rod light guide embossed with at least a first diffraction grating and a second diffraction grating that is substantially parallel to the first diffraction grating on a first surface of the rod light guide, the first diffraction grating configured to receive first light rays from an illuminator and to project first diffracted light rays from the rod light guide at a first range of angles, and the second diffraction grating configured to receive second light rays from the illuminator and to project second diffracted light rays from the rod light guide at a second range of angles; and

a slab light guide configured to receive the first diffracted light rays and the second diffracted light rays, and to project the first diffracted light rays and the second diffracted light rays out of the slab light guide to generate a virtual image with a wide field-of-view.

2. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, wherein the slab light guide is embossed with a third diffraction grating that is substantially perpendicular to the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating, the third diffraction grating causing the first diffracted light rays and the second diffracted light rays to be projected out of the slab light guide to generate the virtual image with the wide field-of-view.

3. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, wherein the wide field-of-view is equal to the sum of the first range of angles and the second range of angles.

4. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, wherein the first range of angles is different than the second range of angles.

5. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, wherein the first diffraction grating has a first spatial frequency that is different than a second spatial frequency of the second diffraction grating, wherein the first spatial frequency causes the first diffraction grating to project the first diffracted light rays at the first range of angles, and wherein the second spatial frequency causes the second diffraction grating to project the second diffracted light rays at the second range of angles.

6. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, wherein the slab light guide is configured with a partially-reflecting mirror that is configured to reflect a portion, and transmit another portion, of each of the first diffracted light rays and the second diffracted light rays.

7. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, wherein the rod light guide is further embossed with a third diffraction grating and a fourth diffraction grating, the third diffraction grating and the fourth diffraction grating substantially parallel to the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating, the third diffraction grating configured to receive third light rays from the illuminator and to project third diffracted light rays from the rod light guide at a third range of angles, and the fourth diffraction grating configured to receive fourth light rays from the illuminator and to project fourth diffracted light rays from the rod light guide at a fourth range of angles.

8. A virtual image projector as described in claim 7, wherein the wide field-of-view is equal to the sum of the first range of angles, the second range of angles, the third range of angles, and the fourth range of angles.

9. A virtual image projector as described in claim 7, wherein:

the first range of angles is approximately −

60 degrees to −

30 degrees, the second range of angles is approximately −

30 degrees to 0 degrees, the third range of angles is approximately 0 degrees to 30 degrees, the fourth range of angles is approximately 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the wide field-of-view is approximately 120 degrees.

10. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, further comprising a first redirection optic, the first redirection optic configured to vary angles at which the first light ray and the second light ray are injected into the rod light guide.

11. A virtual image projector as described in claim 10, further comprising a second redirection optic, the second redirection optic overlaying the first surface of the rod light guide that is embossed with the first diffraction grating and the second diffraction grating, and the second redirection optic configured to reflect the first diffracted light rays and the second diffracted light rays into the slab light guide.

12. A virtual image projector as described in claim 1, wherein the virtual image projector is coupled to a pair of eyeglasses to generate the virtual image in front of a lens of the eyeglasses.

13. A head-mounted display device comprising:

an illuminator configured to inject light rays into a rod light guide embossed with at least four substantially parallel diffraction gratings, each of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings having different spatial frequencies;

the rod light guide configured to receive the light rays from the illuminator, and the different spatial frequencies configured to diffract the light rays out of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings at a wide range of angles, the wide range of angles equal to the sum of a range of angles of each of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings; and

a slab light guide positioned proximate the rod light guide, the slab light guide embossed with diffraction gratings that are substantially perpendicular to the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings, the slab light guide configured to receive diffracted light rays from the rod light guide, and to project the diffracted light rays out of the slab light guide to generate a virtual image with a wide field-of-view.

14. A head-mounted display device as described in claim 13, wherein the head-mounted display device comprises a pair of eyeglasses.

15. A head-mounted display device as described in claim 13, wherein the wide field-of-view of the virtual image is equal to the sum of the range of angles of each of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings.

16. A head-mounted display device as described in claim 13, wherein the rod light guide and the slab light guide comprise a single light guide.

17. A head-mounted display device as described in claim 13, wherein:

a first range of angles corresponding to a first of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings is approximately −

60 degrees to −

30 degrees, a second range of angles corresponding to a second of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings is approximately −

30 degrees to 0 degrees, a third range of angles corresponding to a third of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings is approximately 0 degrees to 30 degrees, and a fourth range of angles corresponding to a fourth of the four substantially parallel diffraction gratings is approximately 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the wide field-of-view is approximately 120 degrees.

18. A head-mounted display device comprising:

an illuminator configured to inject light rays into a rod light guide embossed with at least two substantially parallel diffraction gratings positioned on a first surface of the rod light guide;

the rod light guide configured to receive the light rays from the illuminator, and the at least two substantially parallel diffraction gratings configured to diffract the light rays out of the at least two substantially parallel diffraction gratings at a wide range of angles; and

a slab light guide configured to receive the diffracted light rays from the rod light guide, and to project the diffracted light rays out of the slab light guide to generate a virtual image with a wide field-of-view.

19. A head-mounted display device as described in claim 18, wherein the head-mounted display device comprises a pair of eyeglasses.

20. A head-mounted display device as described in claim 18, wherein the rod light guide and the slab light guide comprise a single light guide.