System and method for leadwire location

• US 9,063,643 B2
• Filed: 03/27/2012
• Issued: 06/23/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Sparks, Troy, Blum, David Arthur, Kokones, Scott, Carlton, Keith, Bokil, Hemant Sharad
• Primary Examiner(s): Bhatnagar, Anand
• Assistant Examiner(s): PARK, SOO JIN
• Application Number:
  US13/431,246
• Publication Number:
  US 20120314919A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,183 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/25 User interfaces for surgical systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36128 Control systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37247 User interfaces, e.g. input or presentation means
• CPC Class Codes: F04C 2270/041 Controlled or regulated
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/22 Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04815 Interaction with a metaphor-based environment or interaction object displayed as three-dimensional, e.g. changing the user viewpoint with respect to the environment or object
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04845 for image manipulation, e.g. dragging, rotation, expansion or change of colour
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/003 Reconstruction from projections, e.g. tomography
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/60 Editing figures and text; Combining figures or text
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/005 General purpose rendering architectures
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/08 Volume rendering
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/00 Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/003 Navigation within 3D models or images
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2200/04 involving 3D image data
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2200/24 involving graphical user interfaces [GUIs]
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10064 Fluorescence image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10072 Tomographic images
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10081 Computed x-ray tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10088 Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10092 Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging [DTI]
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30016 : Brain
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2219/028 : Multiple view windows (top-side-front-sagittal-orthogonal)
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/40 : Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/4038 : Image mosaicing, e.g. composing plane images from plane sub-images
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0012 : Biomedical image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/30 : Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/33 : using feature-based methods
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/38 : Registration of image sequences
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/40 : relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 30/20 : for handling medical images, e.g. DICOM, HL7 or PACS
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 30/40 : for processing medical images, e.g. editing

Abstract

A system and method for leadwire location may provide for recognition of the leadwire via analysis of a series of two-dimensional images that include representations of the leadwire, and/or determining an orientation of the leadwire with reference to a marker on the leadwire.

Claims

1. A system for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the system comprising:

a computer processor configured to;

obtain a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identify in the image a predetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identify the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features, wherein the identification includes;

determining a length of the leadwire based on how many of the plurality of two-dimensional images include the two-dimensional feature;

comparing the determined length of the leadwire to a length of at least one known leadwire; and

determining that the leadwire corresponds to the at least one known leadwire when the determined length of the leadwire and the length of the at least one known leadwire match.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the identification includes determining a trajectory of the leadwire based on locations of the two-dimensional features of the plurality of two-dimensional images based on shift of the identified two-dimensional features from image to image.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processor determines a trajectory of the leadwire by calculating a vector that extends through a center of each of the two-dimensional features.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to:

determine which of the plurality of two-dimensional images that includes the two-dimensional feature is of a plane parallel to another plane of an immediately adjacent image that does not include the two-dimensional feature along the path; and

record a region corresponding to the two-dimensional feature in the determined image as a location of a tip of the leadwire.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional leadwire is implanted into a brain prior to generating the plurality of two-dimensional images, and wherein the processor:

identifies the three-dimensional leadwire by determining in which brain hemisphere the leadwire is located, and

outputs an indication of the brain hemisphere in which the leadwire is located.

6. A system for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the system comprising:

a computer processor configured to;

obtain a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identify in the image a predetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identify the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features, wherein the identification includes;

comparing a two-dimensional feature of at least one of the plurality of two-dimensional images to a two-dimensional feature of at least one known leadwire; and

determining that the leadwire corresponds to the at least one known leadwire when a geometric pattern of the two-dimensional feature of the at least one image matches a geometric pattern of the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire is an actual two-dimensional outline of the at least one known leadwire.

8. The system of claim 6, wherein the identification includes:

during the comparing to the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire, compensating for image artifacts caused by use of a particular imaging modality through which the plurality of two-dimensional images were generated, the compensating including one of (a) stripping an expected artifact from the two-dimensional image whose two-dimensional feature is being compared and (b) providing the expected artifact in the two-dimensional feature of the at least One known leadwire.

9. The system of claim 6, wherein the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire is a computer-representation of a two-dimensional Feature that would be formed upon applying to the at least one known leadwire the same imaging modality as that used to generate the plurality of two-dimensional images.

10. A computer-implemented method for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the method comprising:

obtaining a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identifying, by a computer processor and in the image a predetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identifying, by the processor, the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features, wherein the identifying includes;

determining a length of the leadwire based on how many of the plurality of two-dimensional images include the two-dimensional feature;

comparing the determined length of the leadwire to a length of at least one known leadwire; and

determining that the leadwire corresponds to the at least one known leadwire when the determined length of the leadwire and the length of at least one known leadwire match.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the identifying includes determining a trajectory of the leadwire based on locations of the two-dimensional features of the plurality of two-dimensional images based on shift of the identified two-dimensional features from image to image.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the trajectory is determined by calculating a vector that extends through a center of each of the two-dimensional features.

13. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

determining which of the plurality of two-dimensional images that includes the two-dimensional feature is of a plane parallel to another plane of an immediately adjacent image that does not include the two-dimensional feature along the path; and

recording a region corresponding to the two-dimensional feature in the determined image as a location of a tip of the leadwire.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the three-dimensional leadwire is implanted into a brain prior to generating the plurality of two-dimensional images, and wherein the identifying includes determining in which brain hemisphere the leadwire is located, the method further comprising:

outputting an indication of the brain hemisphere in which the leadwire is located.

15. A computer-implemented method for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the method comprising:

obtaining a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identifying, by a computer processor and in the image a predetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identifying, by the processor, the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features, wherein the identifying includes;

comparing a two-dimensional feature of at least one of the plurality of two-dimensional images to a two-dimensional feature of at least one known leadwire; and

determining that the leadwire corresponds to the at least one known leadwire when a geometric pattern of the two-dimensional feature of the at least one image matches a geometric pattern of the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire is an actual two-dimensional outline of the at least one known leadwire.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the identifying further includes:

during the comparing to the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire, compensating for image artifacts caused by use of a particular imaging modality through which the plurality of two-dimensional images were generated, the compensating including one of (a) stripping an expected artifact from the two-dimensional image whose two-dimensional feature is being compared and (b) providing the expected artifact in the two-dimensional feature of the at least One known leadwire.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire is a computer-representation of a two-dimensional feature that would be formed upon applying to the at least one known leadwire the same imaging modality as that used to generate the plurality of two-dimensional images.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions executable by a processor, the instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the method comprising:

obtaining a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identifying in the image a predetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identifying the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features, wherein the identification includes;

comparing a two-dimensional feature of at least one of the plurality of two-dimensional images to a two-dimensional feature of at least one known leadwire; and

determining that the leadwire corresponds to the at least one known leadwire when a geometric pattern of the two-dimensional feature of the at least one image matches a geometric pattern of the two-dimensional feature of the at least one known leadwire.

20. A system for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the system comprising:

a computer processor configured to;

obtain a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identify in the image a predetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identify the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features,

wherein the processor is further configured to determine a respective shape of the two-dimensional feature in each of the subset of images and determine a pattern in a sequence of the shapes of the two-dimensional features between the subset of images, wherein the identification of the three-dimensional leadwire is based on the determined pattern.

21. A system for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the system comprising:

a computer processor configured to;

obtain a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being, parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identify in the image a redetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identify the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features, wherein the identification of the three-dimensional leadwire is performed by overlaying (1) a combination of the identified two-dimensional features and (2) a stored object form, and determining a degree of overlap between the combination and the stored object.

22. A system for recognition of an implanted three-dimensional stimulation leadwire, the system comprising:

a computer processor configured to;

obtain a plurality of two-dimensional images, each image including a representation of a respective cross-section of the leadwire along a path and in a respective plane, the planes being parallel to each other;

for each of at least a subset, including at least two, of the plurality of two-dimensional images, identify in the image a predetermined two-dimensional feature; and

identify the three-dimensional leadwire based on the identified two-dimensional features, wherein the identification of the predetermined two-dimensional feature includes removing all image data of the image but for saturated data, and subsequently removing, from the image data, image data corresponding to a skull outline.