Power transmitting device and power transfer system

• US 9,067,497 B2
• Filed: 11/07/2013
• Issued: 06/30/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/2012
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Ichikawa, Shinji, Nakamura, Toru
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Jason C
• Application Number:
  US14/074,160
• Publication Number:
  US 20140138199A1
• Time in Patent Office: 600 Days
• Field of Search: 191/10
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/005 without mechanical contact between the collector and the power supply line
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/124 Detection or removal of foreign bodies
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/30 Constructional details of charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/39 with position-responsive activation of primary coils
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60M 7/003 for vehicles using stored power (e.g. charging stations)
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A power transmitting device that contactlessly transmits electric power to a power receiving device having a secondary coil provided at a vehicle, and a power transfer system, are provided. The power transmitting device includes primary coils, a selecting unit and a control unit. The primary coils are arranged at an interval in an arrangement direction. The selecting unit selects one primary coil to which electric power is supplied from a power supply. The control unit controls the selecting unit by supplying the selected primary coil with a second electric power smaller than a first electric power, selecting a power transmitting coil from among the primary coils on the basis of at least one of a power transmitting situation of the selected primary coil and a power receiving situation of the secondary coil, and supplying the power transmitting coil with the first electric power.

Claims

1. A power transmitting device that contactlessly transmits electric power to a secondary coil provided at a vehicle, the power transmitting device comprising:

a plurality of primary coils located separate from the vehicle and arranged at an interval in an arrangement direction;

a selecting unit configured to select one of the primary coils, to which electric power is to be supplied from a power supply; and

a control unit configured to control the selecting unit, the control unit being configured to cause the power supply to supply the selected primary coil with a second electric power smaller than a first electric power, the control unit being configured to select a power transmitting coil from among the plurality of primary coils based on at least one of a power transmitting situation of the selected primary coil and a power receiving situation of the secondary coil, the control unit being configured to cause the power supply to supply the power transmitting coil with the first electric power.

2. The power transmitting device according to claim 1, wherein

the control unit is configured to detect an approach direction of the vehicle,

the control unit is configured to start control for selecting the power transmitting coil before the secondary coil passes over one of the plurality of primary coils, which is located at an upstream end in the approach direction,

the control unit is configured to select the one of the plurality of primary coils, which is located at the upstream end in the approach direction, at the time when control for selecting the power transmitting coil is started, and

the control unit is configured to change a selecting one of the primary coils with movement of the secondary coil.

3. The power transmitting device according to claim 2, wherein

the control unit is configured to detect the approach direction of the vehicle on the basis of information received from the vehicle.

4. The power transmitting device according to claim 2, wherein

the plurality of primary coils include a first end coil and a second end coil, the first end coil being located at one end in the arrangement direction, and the second end coil being located at the other end in the arrangement direction, and

the control unit is configured to alternately select the first end coil and the second end coil, the control unit being configured to detect the approach direction of the vehicle on the basis of a result of comparison between a power receiving efficiency of the secondary coil from the first end coil and a power receiving efficiency of the secondary coil from the second end coil.

5. The power transmitting device according to claim 2, wherein

the power receiving situation is a power receiving efficiency of the secondary coil, and

the control unit is configured to select one of the primary coils, which is adjacent in the approach direction with respect to the selected primary coil, when the power receiving efficiency of the secondary coil from the selected primary coil becomes lower than a first threshold.

6. The power transmitting device according to claim 1, wherein

the plurality of primary coils include a center coil located at a center in the arrangement direction,

the control unit is configured to select the center coil at the time when control for selecting the power transmitting coil is started, and

the control unit is configured to select one of the primary coils on the basis of a position of the secondary coil after the center coil has been selected.

7. The power transmitting device according to claim 6, wherein

the control unit is configured to set a selecting direction from the center coil toward the secondary coil on the basis of information input from the vehicle,

the control unit is configured to detect a first power receiving efficiency at the time when the second electric power is supplied to the selected primary coil,

the control unit is configured to detect a second power receiving efficiency at the time when the second electric power is supplied to an adjacent coil adjacent in the selecting direction with respect to the selected primary coil, and

the control unit is configured to set the selected primary coil as the power transmitting coil when the first power receiving efficiency is higher than the second power receiving efficiency and the first power receiving efficiency is higher than a second threshold.

8. The power transmitting device according to claim 1, wherein

the control unit is configured to, when the control unit determines that a power transmitting condition is not satisfied after the first electric power is supplied to the power transmitting coil, stop supply of electric power to the power transmitting coil and select one of the primary coils other than the power transmitting coil as a power transmitting coil.

9. The power transmitting device according to claim 8, further comprising:

a temperature measuring unit configured to detect a temperature of each of the primary coils, wherein

the control unit is configured to determine that the power transmitting condition is not satisfied when the temperature of the power transmitting coil exceeds a third threshold.

10. The power transmitting device according to claim 9, wherein

the control unit is configured to supply the second electric power to one of the primary coils, adjacent in the arrangement direction with respect to the power transmitting coil, and

the control unit is configured to, when a power receiving efficiency of the secondary coil at the time when the second electric power is supplied to the one of the primary coils, adjacent in the arrangement direction, is higher than a fourth threshold, select the adjacent primary coil as the power transmitting coil.

11. The power transmitting device according to claim 8, further comprising:

a detecting unit configured to detect a distance between the selected primary coil and the secondary coil, wherein

the control unit is configured to determine that the power transmitting condition is not satisfied when the control unit determines that the distance between the selected primary coil and the secondary coil is larger or smaller than a predetermined range on the basis of an output from the detecting unit.

12. The power transmitting device according to claim 11, wherein

the control unit is configured to, when a power receiving efficiency of the secondary coil from one of the primary coils, adjacent with respect to the selected primary coil, is higher than or equal to a predetermined value, select the one of the primary coils, adjacent with respect to the selected primary coil, as a second selected coil.

13. A power transfer system including a power receiving device that has a secondary coil provided at a vehicle and a power transmitting device that contactlessly transmits electric power to the secondary coil, the power transmitting device comprising:

a plurality of primary coils located separate from the vehicle and arranged at an interval in an arrangement direction;

a selecting unit configured to select one of the primary coils, to which electric power is to be supplied from a power supply; and

a control unit configured to control the selecting unit, the control unit being configured to cause the power supply to supply the selected primary coil with a second electric power smaller than a first electric power, the control unit being configured to select a power transmitting coil from among the plurality of primary coils based on the basis of at least one of a power transmitting situation of the selected primary coil and a power receiving situation of the secondary coil, the control unit being configured to cause the power supply to supply the power transmitting coil with the first electric power.