Controller for a synchronous rectifier switch

• US 9,088,216 B2
• Filed: 01/19/2010
• Issued: 07/21/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 01/19/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Power Systems Technologies Company Limited (Flex, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Power Systems Technologies Company Limited (Flex, Ltd.)
• Inventors: Garrity, Paul, Yang, Zaohong
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhane, Adolf
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEE III, HENRY E
• Application Number:
  US12/689,881
• Publication Number:
  US 20100188876A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,009 Days
• Field of Search: 363/34, 363/37, 363/48, 363/53, 363/84, 363/106, 363/108, 363/125, 363/127
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0085 Partially controlled bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4225 using a non-isolated boost converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/219 in a bridge configuration
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A controller for a power converter and method of operating the same employable with a bridge rectifier having first and second synchronous rectifier switches. In one embodiment, the controller includes an amplifier configured to enable a turn-on delay for the first synchronous rectifier switch. The controller also includes a discharge switch having first and second switched terminals coupled to gate and source terminals, respectively, of the first synchronous rectifier switch and configured to discharge a gate-to-source capacitance of the first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a turn off thereof.

Claims

1. A controller employable with a bridge rectifier having first and second synchronous rectifier switches, comprising:

an amplifier configured to enable a turn-on delay with a plurality of series-coupled diodes for said first synchronous rectifier switch;

a discharge switch having a control terminal coupled to an output of said amplifier via a charge switch, and first and second switched terminals coupled to gate and source terminals, respectively, of said first synchronous rectifier switch and configured to discharge a gate-to-source capacitance of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a turn off thereof; and

a mutual lock circuit including a first lock switch and a second lock switch coupled to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch and a gate terminal of said second synchronous rectifier switch, respectively, wherein a switched terminal of said first lock switch is cross-coupled to a control terminal of said second lock switch, a switched terminal of said second lock switch is cross-coupled to a control terminal of said first lock switch, and said first lock switch is parallel-coupled to said discharge switch.

2. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein said amplifier is configured to produce a threshold voltage to enable said turn-on delay for said first synchronous rectifier switch.

3. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein said amplifier is configured to produce a threshold voltage in accordance with said plurality of series-coupled diodes to enable said turn-on delay for said first synchronous rectifier switch.

4. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein said turn-on delay is a function of a voltage at said source terminal being higher than a voltage at a drain terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch by a threshold voltage.

5. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein an amplifier switch is configured to be turned off when a voltage at said source terminal is higher than a voltage at a drain terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch by a threshold voltage and a body diode of said first synchronous rectifier switch is forward biased, thereby causing said charge switch to provide a positive bias voltage to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a conductivity thereof.

6. The controller as recited in claim 1, further comprising:

another amplifier configured to enable a turn-on delay with another plurality of series-coupled diodes for said second synchronous rectifier switch; and

another discharge switch having a control terminal coupled to an output of said another amplifier via another charge switch, and first and second switched terminals coupled to gate and source terminals, respectively, of said second synchronous rectifier switch and configured to discharge a gate-to-source capacitance of said second synchronous rectifier switch to enable a turn off thereof.

7. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein said discharge switch is configured to be turned on and discharge said gate-to-source capacitance of said first synchronous rectifier switch when a body diode of said first synchronous rectifier switch is back biased.

8. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein said amplifier is configured to enable said turn-on delay for said first synchronous rectifier switch and said discharge switch is configured to enable said turn off of said first synchronous rectifier switch to substantially eliminate cross conduction with said second synchronous rectifier switch.

9. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein said charge switch is configured to provide a positive bias voltage from a bias voltage source through a diode to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a conductivity thereof.

10. The controller as recited in claim 1 wherein said discharge switch is a bipolar transistor.

11. A method of operating a controller employable with a bridge rectifier having first and second synchronous rectifier switches, comprising:

enabling a turn-on delay for said first synchronous rectifier switch with a plurality of series-coupled diodes of an amplifier;

discharging a gate-to-source capacitance of said first synchronous rectifier switch with a discharge switch having a control terminal coupled to an output of said amplifier via a charge switch, and first and second switched terminals coupled to gate and source terminals, respectively, of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a turn off of said first synchronous rectifier switch; and

reducing cross conduction between said first and second synchronous rectifier switches with a mutual lock circuit including a first lock switch and a second lock switch coupled to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch and a gate terminal of said second synchronous rectifier switch, respectively, wherein a switched terminal of said first lock switch is cross-coupled to a control terminal of said second lock switch, a switched terminal of said second lock switch is cross-coupled to a control terminal of said first lock switch, and said first lock switch is parallel-coupled to said discharge switch.

12. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein said enabling comprises producing a threshold voltage in accordance with said plurality of series-coupled diodes.

13. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein said enabling comprises turning off an amplifier switch when a voltage at said source terminal is higher than a voltage at a drain terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch by a threshold voltage and a body diode of said first synchronous rectifier switch is forward biased, thereby causing said charge switch to provide a positive bias voltage to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a conductivity thereof.

14. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein discharging comprises turning on said discharge switch and discharging said gate-to-source capacitance of said first synchronous rectifier switch when a body diode of said first synchronous rectifier switch is back biased.

15. A power converter, comprising:

a bridge rectifier having first and second synchronous rectifier switches; and

a controller, including;

an amplifier configured to enable a turn-on delay with a plurality of series-coupled diodes for said first synchronous rectifier switch,

a discharge switch having a control terminal coupled to an output of said amplifier via a charge switch, and first and second switched terminals coupled to gate and source terminals, respectively, of said first synchronous rectifier switch and configured to discharge a gate-to-source capacitance of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a turn off thereof, and

a mutual lock circuit including a first lock switch and a second lock switch coupled to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch and a gate terminal of said second synchronous rectifier switch, respectively, wherein a switched terminal of said first lock switch is cross-coupled to a control terminal of said second lock switch, a switched terminal of said second lock switch is cross-coupled to a control terminal of said first lock switch, and said first lock switch is parallel-coupled to said discharge switch.

16. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said amplifier is configured to produce a threshold voltage in accordance with said plurality of series-coupled diodes to enable said turn-on delay for said first synchronous rectifier switch.

17. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein an amplifier switch is configured to be turned off when a voltage at said source terminal is higher than a voltage at a drain terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch by a threshold voltage and a body diode of said first synchronous rectifier switch is forward biased, thereby causing said charge switch to provide a positive bias voltage to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a conductivity thereof.

18. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said discharge switch is configured to be turned on and discharge said gate-to-source capacitance of said first synchronous rectifier switch when a body diode of said first synchronous rectifier switch is back biased.

19. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said amplifier is configured to enable said turn-on delay for said first synchronous rectifier switch and said discharge switch is configured to enable said turn off of said first synchronous rectifier switch to substantially eliminate cross conduction with said second synchronous rectifier switch.

20. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said charge switch is configured to provide a positive bias voltage from a bias voltage source through a diode to said gate terminal of said first synchronous rectifier switch to enable a conductivity thereof.