Dielectric materials for power transfer system

• US 9,174,876 B2
• Filed: 05/12/2010
• Issued: 11/03/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/12/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Krishna, Kalaga Murali, Matani, Lohit, Bohori, Adnan Kutubuddin, Bhat, Suma Memana Narayana, Ramachandrapanicker, Somakumar
• Primary Examiner(s): DUNN, COLLEEN P
• Application Number:
  US12/778,166
• Publication Number:
  US 20110278940A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,001 Days
• Field of Search: 252/500, 252/520.12, 252/520.2, 252/520.22, 501136-139, 307/104, 307/31, 290/1.R, 333/219, 333/219.1, 320/108
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3208 Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3213 Strontium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3215 Barium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3217 Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3227 Lanthanum oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3234 Titanates, not containing zirconia
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3236 Alkaline earth titanates
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3241 Chromium oxides, chromates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3244 Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3281 Copper oxides, cuprates or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. CuO or Cu2O
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/3298 Bismuth oxides, bismuthates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc bismuthate
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/40 Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/445 Fluoride containing anions, e.g. fluosilicate
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/483 Si-containing organic compounds, e.g. silicone resins, (poly)silanes, (poly)siloxanes or (poly)silazanes
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/604 Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/656 characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/6567 Treatment time
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/658 Atmosphere during thermal treatment
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/6582 Hydrogen containing atmosphere
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/6585 at an oxygen percentage above that of air
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/77 : Density
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/80 : Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 2235/85 : Intergranular or grain boundary phases
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/462 : based on titanates
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/465 : based on alkaline earth metal titanates
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/4682 : based on BaTiO3 perovskite phase
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/47 : based on strontium titanates
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 3/14 : Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps in magnetic shunt paths H01F3/12
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 : Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10

Abstract

A contactless power transfer system is proposed. The power transfer system comprises a field-focusing element comprising a dielectric material. The dielectric material comprises a composition that is selected from the family of (Ba,Sr)TiO₃ or CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂. The compositions of the (Ba, Sr)TiO₃ include the materials such as Ca_1-x-yBa_xSr_yTi_1-zCr_zO_3-δN_p, wherein 0<x<1; 0<y<1; 0≦z≦0.01; 0≦δ≦1; and 0≦p≦1. The compositions of the CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ include the materials such as Ca_1-x-yBa_xSr_y(Ca_1-zCu_z)Cu₂Ti_4-δAl_δO_12-0.5δ, wherein 0≦x<0.5; 0≦y<0.5; 0≦z<1; and 0≦δ≦0.1.

Claims

1. A power transfer system comprising:

a first coil coupled to a power source;

a second coil coupled to a load; and

a field-focusing element comprising two open ends, disposed between the first coil and the second coil and comprising a dielectric material, wherein the dielectric material comprises Ca_1-x-yBa_xSr_yTi_1-zCr_zO_3-δ

N_p,

wherein 0<

x<

1;

0.4≦

y<

1;

0≦

z≦

0.01;

0≦

δ

≦

1; and

0≦

p≦

1; and

wherein the field-focusing element is configured to develop a standing wave current distribution and focus the magnetic field onto the second coil.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein 0.9≦

x+y<

1.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein 0.3≦

x, and x+y=1.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein density of the dielectric material is greater than about 96% of the theoretical density.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the dielectric material is a polycrystalline material comprising grains and grain boundaries and wherein the dielectric material further comprises a metallic bismuth phase disposed at the grain boundaries.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein z>

0, and δ and

p are both equal to 0.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein z=0, and δ

and p are both greater than 0.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein z, δ

, and p are all greater than zero.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the dielectric material comprises Ba_0.3Sr_0.7Cr_0.005Ti_0.995O_2.8N_0.13.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the dielectric material further comprises fluorine in an amount less than about 1 atomic percent.

11. The system of the claim 1, wherein the first coil and the second coil are spaced apart from the field-focusing element.

13. The power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the field-focusing element comprises a plurality of resonators arranged in an array, wherein the plurality of resonators is configured to interfere constructively when excited by different phases.

12. A power transfer system comprising:

a first coil coupled to a power source;

a second coil coupled to a load; and

a field-focusing element disposed between the first coil and the second coil and comprising a dielectric material, wherein the dielectric material comprises Ca_1-x-yBa_xSr_yTi_1-zCr_zO_3-δ

N_p,

wherein 0<

x<

1, 0.4≦

y<

1;

0≦

z≦

0.01;

0<

δ

≦

0.5; and

0<

p≦

0.4.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the dielectric material further comprises fluorine in an amount less than about 1 atomic percent.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein 0.9 ≦

x+y ≦

1.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein 0.3 ≦

x, and x+y=1.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein z=0.

18. The system of claim 12, wherein the dielectric material comprises Ba_0.3Sr_0.7Cr_0.005Ti_0.995O_2.8N_0.13.

19. The system of claim 12, wherein the dielectric material is a polycrystalline material comprising grains and grain boundaries and wherein the dielectric material further comprises a phase comprising bismuth disposed at the grain boundaries.

20. The system of the claim 12, wherein the first coil and the second coil are spaced apart from the field-focusing element.

21. A power transfer system comprising:

a first coil coupled to a power source;

a second coil coupled to a load; and

a field-focusing element disposed between the first coil and the second coil, and comprising a dielectric material, wherein the dielectric material comprises Ba_0.3Sr_0.7Cr_0.002Ti_0.998O₃.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the dielectric material is a polycrystalline material comprising grains and grain boundaries and wherein the dielectric material further comprises a metallic bismuth phase disposed at the grain boundaries.