Battery management system with distributed wireless sensors

• US 9,267,993 B2
• Filed: 02/21/2013
• Issued: 02/23/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security LLC (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security LLC (Government of the United States of America)
• Inventors: Farmer, Joseph C., Bandhauer, Todd M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Grant, Robert
• Application Number:
  US13/772,620
• Publication Number:
  US 20130314094A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,097 Days
• Field of Search: 324/430
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 25/20 by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity calorimeters per se G01K
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/14 using acoustic emission techniques echo of particles G01N29/046; measuring mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in solids in general G01H1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/371 with remote indication, e.g. on external chargers
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/382 Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/10 Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules housings, cases, encapsulations or mountings thereof H01G11/78
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/18 against thermal overloads, e.g. heating, cooling or ventilating
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/482 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/486 for measuring temperature
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 Energy storage using capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A system for monitoring parameters of an energy storage system having a multiplicity of individual energy storage cells. A radio frequency identification and sensor unit is connected to each of the individual energy storage cells. The radio frequency identification and sensor unit operates to sense the parameter of each individual energy storage cell and provides radio frequency transmission of the parameters of each individual energy storage cell. A management system monitors the radio frequency transmissions from the radio frequency identification and sensor units for monitoring the parameters of the energy storage system.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring parameters of a lithium ion battery pack, wherein the lithium ion battery pack includes a multiplicity of individual lithium ion battery cells, comprising:

a radio frequency identification and sensor unit connected to each of the lithium ion battery cells that senses the parameter of each individual lithium ion battery cell and provides radio frequency transmission of the parameters of each individual lithium ion battery cell,

wherein the parameters include internal impedance of the cell;

wherein said radio frequency identification and sensor unit includes a tag circuit that provides a variable frequency electromagnetic stimulus with amplitude and phase and monitors said amplitude and phase to sense said internal impedance of the cell, and

a management system that monitors said transmissions from said radio frequency identification and sensor units and monitors the parameters of the lithium ion battery pack,

wherein said management system that monitors said transmissions from said radio frequency identification and sensor units monitors said internal impedance of the cells of the lithium ion battery pack.

2. The system for monitoring parameters of a lithium ion battery pack of claim 1, wherein said tag circuit that provides a variable frequency electromagnetic stimulus that ranges in frequency from 0.001 to 500,000 Hertz and wherein said radio frequency identification and sensor unit monitors said variable frequency electromagnetic stimulus that ranges in frequency from 0.001 to 500,000 Hertz to sense said internal impedance of the cell.

3. A method of monitoring parameters of a lithium battery pack that includes a multiplicity of individual lithium battery cells, comprising the steps of:

providing radio frequency identification and detection of each of the individual lithium battery cells for identification and detection of the parameters of each individual lithium battery cell,

wherein the parameters include internal impedance of the cell,

wherein said step of providing radio frequency identification and detection of each of the individual lithium battery cells comprises

providing a tag circuit to produce a variable frequency electromagnetic stimulus with amplitude and phase, and

monitoring said amplitude and phase to sense said internal impedance of the cell, and

monitoring said radio frequency identification and detection of each individual lithium battery cell for monitoring the parameters of the lithium battery pack.