Systems and methods for joint replacement
First Claim
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1. A method for performing total knee arthroplasty on a knee joint of a leg of a patient, comprising:
- preparing a distal portion of a femur for receiving a knee implant, comprising;
placing the knee joint in flexion and exposing a distal end of the femur;
coupling a first orthopedic fixture to a distal portion of the femur, the first orthopedic fixture comprising a surgical orientation device, the surgical orientation device comprising an orientation sensor and an interactive user interface configured to display an indication of a change in one or more angle measurements corresponding to a flexion-extension angle or a varus-valgus angle of a mechanical axis of the femur, the first orthopedic fixture further comprising a reference device, the reference device comprising a reference sensor;
monitoring an orientation of the reference sensor while swinging the leg to obtain information regarding a location of the mechanical axis;
adjusting a varus/valgus and flexion/extension angle of a portion of the first orthopedic fixture by monitoring the first surgical orientation device and moving the reference device relative to the surgical orientation device;
attaching a cutting block to the first orthopedic fixture, the cutting block being oriented relative an adjusted varus/valgus and flexion/extension angle; and
resecting the distal end of the femur.
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Abstract
Systems and methods for joint replacement are provided. The systems and methods include a surgical orientation device, a reference sensor device, and at least one orthopedic fixture. The surgical orientation device, reference sensor device, and orthopedic fixtures can be used to locate the orientation of an axis in the body, to adjust an orientation of a cutting plane or planes along a bony surface, or otherwise to assist in an orthopedic procedure(s).
424 Citations
26 Claims
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1. A method for performing total knee arthroplasty on a knee joint of a leg of a patient, comprising:
preparing a distal portion of a femur for receiving a knee implant, comprising; placing the knee joint in flexion and exposing a distal end of the femur; coupling a first orthopedic fixture to a distal portion of the femur, the first orthopedic fixture comprising a surgical orientation device, the surgical orientation device comprising an orientation sensor and an interactive user interface configured to display an indication of a change in one or more angle measurements corresponding to a flexion-extension angle or a varus-valgus angle of a mechanical axis of the femur, the first orthopedic fixture further comprising a reference device, the reference device comprising a reference sensor; monitoring an orientation of the reference sensor while swinging the leg to obtain information regarding a location of the mechanical axis; adjusting a varus/valgus and flexion/extension angle of a portion of the first orthopedic fixture by monitoring the first surgical orientation device and moving the reference device relative to the surgical orientation device; attaching a cutting block to the first orthopedic fixture, the cutting block being oriented relative an adjusted varus/valgus and flexion/extension angle; and resecting the distal end of the femur. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method for performing total knee arthroplasty on a knee joint of a patient, comprising:
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attaching a base member of an orthopedic fixture to a proximal aspect of a tibia such that movement of the tibia produces corresponding movement of the base member, the orthopedic fixture comprising at least one movable member moveable relative the base member, the at least one moveable member comprising a probe for referencing a plurality of anatomical landmarks; attaching a portable surgical orientation device to the at least one moveable member, the portable surgical orientation device comprising an interactive user interface, the portable surgical orientation device having a first sensor; attaching a reference device to the base member, the reference device having a second sensor; moving the at least one moveable member and the probe to contact anatomical locations on a leg; directing the portable surgical orientation device to determine a spatial location or orientation of a mechanical axis based on the anatomical locations; and moving the at least one moveable member such that a cutting guide is oriented at a selected angle relative to the mechanical axis. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method of preparing for orthopedic surgery, comprising:
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determining an orientation of a mechanical axis of a bone or joint; coupling an orthopedic orientation assembly with an extremity of a patient, the orthopedic orientation assembly having a positioning device, a reference device and a surgical orientation device coupled with the positioning device; and constraining at least one degree of freedom between the reference device and the surgical orientation device while moving at least one of the surgical orientation device and the reference device to collect data indicative of orientation; wherein determining the orientation includes contacting a plurality of anatomical landmarks of a tibia and recording an orientation of at least one of the surgical orientation device and the reference device to determine the mechanical axis. - View Dependent Claims (18)
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19. A method of preparing orthopedic surgery, comprising:
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determining an orientation of a mechanical axis of a bone or joint; coupling an orthopedic orientation assembly with an extremity of a patient, the orthopedic orientation assembly having a positioning device, a reference device and a surgical orientation device coupled with the positioning device; constraining at least one degree of freedom between the reference device and the surgical orientation device while moving at least one of the surgical orientation device and the reference device to collect data indicative of orientation; positioning, based upon a determined angle, a cutting guide coupled with the orthopedic orientation assembly; and cutting a portion of a femur or a tibia at an angle corresponding to a position of the cutting guide.
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20. A method of preparing for orthopedic surgery, comprising:
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determining a reference frame of a bone or joint; coupling an orthopedic orientation assembly with the patient on or adjacent to the bone or joint, the orthopedic orientation assembly having a positioning device, a reference device and a surgical orientation device coupled with the positioning device; and constraining at least one degree of freedom between the reference device and the surgical orientation device while moving at least one of the surgical orientation device and the reference device to collect data indicative of orientation; wherein determining the reference frame includes contacting a plurality of anatomical landmarks of or adjacent to the bone or joint and recording an orientation of the surgical orientation device to determine the reference frame of the bone or joint of the patient. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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Specification