Systems and methods for spectral authentication of a feature of a document

• US 9,292,990 B2
• Filed: 05/25/2015
• Issued: 03/22/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 07/31/2012
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cash Processing Solutions, Inc. (De La Rue PLC)
• Original Assignee: Cash Processing Solutions, Inc. (De La Rue PLC)
• Inventors: Blair, Ronald Bruce
• Primary Examiner(s): Desire, Gregory M
• Application Number:
  US14/720,951
• Publication Number:
  US 20150279143A1
• Time in Patent Office: 302 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/214 Generating training patterns; Bootstrap methods, e.g. bagging or boosting
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 5/40 using histogram techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G07D 7/1205 Testing spectral properties
• CPC Class Codes: G07D 7/205 Matching spectral properties
• CPC Class Codes: G07D 7/206 Matching template patterns

Abstract

Systems and methods for authenticating a document are provided. In one embodiment, a method for authenticating a feature of a document includes capturing a first image of a region of a document while the region is subjected to a first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. The region includes at least a portion of the document. The method also includes determining a first intensity value associated with the first image of the region, and comparing the first intensity value with a first training intensity value of a region of a training document. The first training intensity value is obtained using the first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. The method also includes determining whether the document is authentic at least partially based on the comparison between the first intensity value and the first training intensity value.

Claims

1. A method for authenticating a feature of a document, the method comprising:

providing a document authentication system comprising;

at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter for selectively illuminating the document with at least two frequencies of electromagnetic ration,

at least one image sensor for capturing images of the document when subjected to electromagnetic radiation from the at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter, and

a computing device for controlling the at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter and the at least one image sensor, wherein the computing device includes a document authentication application having a image capturing module, a training module, an image analysis module, and a comparison module;

subjecting a region of the document to different first and second wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter and capturing with the at least one image sensor a first image and a second image of the region of the document corresponding to the first and second wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, the region comprising at least a portion of the document;

determining a first intensity value associated with the first image of the region and determining a second intensity value associated with the second image of the region;

using the comparison module to compare the first intensity value with a first training intensity value of a region of a training document, the first training intensity value obtained using the first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, and comparing the second intensity value with a second training intensity value of the region of the training document, the second training intensity value obtained using the second wavelength of electromagnetic radiation; and

determining whether the document is authentic at least partially based on the comparison between the first intensity value and the first training intensity value and using the comparison between the second intensity value and the second training intensity value.

2. A method for authenticating a feature of a document, the method comprising:

capturing with an image sensor a first image of a region of a document while the region is subjected to a first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emitted from a electromagnetic radiation emitter, the region comprising at least a portion of the document;

providing the first image to a computing device including a processing unit;

wherein the computing device is configured to perform steps comprising;

determining a first intensity value associated with the first image of the region,

comparing the first intensity value with a first training intensity value of a region of a training document using a comparison module, the first training intensity value obtained using the first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, and

determining whether the document is authentic at least partially based on the comparison between the first intensity value and the first training intensity value;

wherein capturing the first image of the region of the document while the region is subjected to the first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation comprises capturing a plurality of images of the region of the document, each of the plurality of images captured using one of a plurality of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation;

wherein determining the first intensity value associated with the first image of the region comprises determining a respective intensity value for each of the plurality of images;

wherein comparing the first intensity value with the first training intensity value comprises comparing each of the respective intensity values with one of a plurality of training intensity values of the region of the training document, each of the plurality of training intensity values obtained using one of the plurality of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, wherein each pair of respective intensity values and training intensity values that are compared to one another are obtained using substantially the same wavelength; and

wherein determining whether the document is authentic comprises determining whether the document is authentic at least partially based on the comparison between the respective intensity values and the plurality of training intensity values.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

normalizing the respective intensity values of the plurality of images prior to comparing each of the respective intensity values with one of the plurality of training intensity values.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein normalizing the respective intensity values of the plurality of images comprises dividing each of the respective intensity values by a selected one of the respective intensity values.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the respective intensity values comprises a mean intensity value;

wherein each of the plurality of training intensity values comprises a training mean intensity value and a training standard deviation;

wherein comparing each of the respective intensity values with one of the plurality of training intensity values comprises determining, for each of the plurality of images, a number of training standard deviations the mean intensity value differs from the corresponding training mean intensity value; and

wherein determining whether the document is authentic at least partially based on the comparison between the respective intensity values and the plurality of training intensity values comprises determining an average deviation between the mean intensity values and the training mean intensity values and determining whether the average deviation meets or exceeds a predetermined threshold.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the respective intensity values comprises a mean intensity value;

wherein each of the plurality of training intensity values comprises a training mean intensity value and a training standard deviation;

wherein comparing each of the respective intensity values with one of the plurality of training intensity values comprises determining, for each of the plurality of images, a number of training standard deviations the mean intensity value differs from the corresponding training mean intensity value; and

wherein determining whether the document is authentic at least partially based on the comparison between the respective intensity values and the plurality of training intensity values comprises determining a largest deviation between one of the mean intensity values and a corresponding one of the plurality of training mean intensity values and determining whether the largest deviation, meets or exceeds a predetermined threshold.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein capturing the plurality of images of the region of the document comprises:

capturing a plurality of line images of the region, each of the plurality of lines images captured while one of the plurality of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation at least partially illuminates the region, wherein each set of line images in the plurality of line it captured using a common wavelength of electromagnetic radiation are used to form one of the images in the plurality of images.

8. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

selecting a portion of the pixels of at least one of the plurality of images for use in determining the respective intensity value for the at least one of the plurality of images.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

generating a histogram for the at least one of the plurality of images, the histogram comprising pixel intensity data versus percentage of pixels for the at least one of the plurality of images;

wherein the portion of the pixels of the at least one of the plurality of images used to determine the respective intensity value for the at least one of the plurality of images is selected using the histogram.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein a respective histogram is generated for each of the plurality of images;

and

wherein the portion of the pixels of each of plurality of images used to determine the respective intensity value for each of the plurality of images is selected using the respective histograms.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the first intensity value comprises a first mean intensity value;

wherein the first training intensity value comprises a training mean intensity value and a training standard deviation; and

wherein comparing the first intensity value with the first training intensity value of the region of the training document comprises determining a number of training standard deviations that the first mean intensity value differs from the training mean intensity value.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining whether the document is authentic at least partially based on the comparison between the first intensity value and the first training intensity value comprises determining whether the first mean intensity value differs from the training mean intensity value by a predetermined threshold number of training standard deviations.

13. A method for authenticating a feature of a document, the method comprising providing at least one image sensor, at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter, and a computing device having a processor configured to implement a computer-implemented method comprising:

determining a spectral profile of a region of a document in a predetermined electromagnetic radiation range using two or more images of the region, the region comprising at least a portion of the document, each of the two or more images captured with the at least one image sensor while the region is subjected to at least two different wavelengths of a plurality of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the at least one electromagnetic radiation emitter in the predetermined electromagnetic radiation range corresponding to the two or more captured images;

comparing the spectral profile of the region of the document to a training spectral profile of a region of a training document; and

determining whether the document is authentic based on the comparison between the spectral profile and the training spectral profile.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the spectral profile of the region comprises an intensity value of each of the two or more images of the region.

15. The method of claim 13, prior to determining the spectral profile of the region of the document, determining the training spectral profile of the region of the training document.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein each of the two or more images are captured while the region is subjected to a different one of the plurality of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.