Analyte sensor

• US 9,320,466 B2
• Filed: 10/18/2013
• Issued: 04/26/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 07/02/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: DexCom Incorporated
• Original Assignee: DexCom Incorporated
• Inventors: Simpson, Peter C., Boock, Robert J., Kamath, Apurv Ullas, Wightlin, Matthew D., Estes, Michael J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Natnithithadha, Navin
• Assistant Examiner(s): MESSERSMITH, ERIC J
• Application Number:
  US14/058,091
• Publication Number:
  US 20140046149A1
• Time in Patent Office: 921 Days
• Field of Search: 600/318, 600/347, 600/365
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0223 of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0209 Special features of electrodes classified in A61B5/24, A61B5/25, A61B5/283, A61B5/291, A61B5/296, A61B5/053
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/043 in a linear array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/125 characterised by the manufacture of electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14503 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors A61B5/1459, A61B5/1464, A61B5/1473, A61B5/1482, A61B5/14865 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1451 for interstitial fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14517 for sweat
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1473 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1482 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14865 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors
• CPC Class Codes: B05C 3/02 the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
• CPC Class Codes: B05C 3/10 the articles being moved through the liquid or other fluent material conveying articles through baths B65G, e.g. B65G49/02
• CPC Class Codes: B05C 3/125 the work being a web, band, strip or the like
• CPC Class Codes: B05C 5/0241 for applying liquid or other fluent material to elongated work, e.g. wires, cables, tubes
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 1/18 performed by dipping
• CPC Class Codes: B05D 3/06 by exposure to radiation B05D3/02 takes precedence ; plasma treatment B05D3/141
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/0823 Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
• CPC Class Codes: B23K 26/362 Laser etching
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 2791/009 Using laser curing using laser B29C2035/0838, welding using laser beams B29C65/16
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 2/00 : Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor

Abstract

Devices and methods are provided for continuous measurement of an analyte concentration. The device can include a sensor having a plurality of sensor elements, each having at least one characteristic that is different from other sensor(s) of the device. In some embodiments, the plurality of sensor elements are each tuned to measure a different range of analyte concentration, thereby providing the device with the capability of achieving a substantially consistent level of measurement accuracy across a physiologically relevant range. In other embodiments, the device includes a plurality of sensor elements each tuned to measure during different time periods after insertion or implantation, thereby providing the sensor with the capability to continuously and accurately measure analyte concentrations across a wide range of time periods. For example, a sensor system 180 is provided having a first working electrode 150 comprising a first sensor element 102 and a second working electrode 160 comprising a second sensor element 104, and a reference electrode 108 for providing a reference value for measuring the working electrode potential of the sensor elements 102, 104.

Claims

1. A sensor system for continuous measurement of a glucose concentration in a host, the sensor system comprising:

a first sensor configured to measure a glucose concentration and generate a first signal, wherein the first sensor has a first sensitivity to an interferent;

a second sensor configured to measure the glucose concentration and generate a second signal, wherein the second sensor has a second sensitivity to the interferent, wherein the first sensitivity and the second sensitivity are different; and

sensor electronics configured to determine a glucose concentration value based on at least one of the first signal or the second signal, wherein the sensor electronics are configured to detect a presence of a level of an interferent, wherein the sensor electronics are configured to integrate the first signal and the second signal, wherein the sensor electronics are configured to accord a first weight to the first signal and accord a second weight to the second signal, and wherein a distribution of the first weight and the second weight determined at least in part by detection of the presence of the level of the interferent.

2. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the sensor electronics are configured to detect the presence of the level of the interferent by comparing the first signal with the second signal.

3. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein upon detection of the presence of the interferent the sensor electronics are configured to adjust the distribution of the first weight and the second weight.

4. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the first sensor comprises a first membrane having a first hydrophilic component and a first hydrophobic component, wherein the second sensor comprises a second membrane having a second hydrophilic component and a second hydrophobic component, and wherein the first sensor membrane and the second sensor membrane have a different hydrophilic to hydrophobic ratio.

5. The sensor system of claim 4, wherein the first membrane comprises a first domain configured to reduce a flux of the glucose therethrough, wherein the second membrane comprises a second domain configured to reduce a flux of the glucose therethrough, and wherein the first domain and the second domain are different.

6. The sensor system of claim 1, further comprising a potentiostat configured to apply a first bias potential to the first sensor and to apply a second bias potential to the second sensor, wherein the first bias potential and the second bias potential are different.

7. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the first sensor comprises a first membrane configured to reduce a flux of interferents therethrough, wherein the second sensor comprises a second membrane configured to reduce a flux of interferents therethrough, and wherein interferent blocking characteristics of the first membrane and the second membrane are different.

8. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the first sensor uses a first glucose measuring mechanism selected from the group consisting of:

enzymatic, chemical, physical, electrochemical, immunochemical, optical, radiometric, calorimetric, protein binding, and microscale mechanisms.

9. The sensor system of claim 8, wherein the second sensor uses a second glucose measuring mechanism selected from the group consisting of:

enzymatic, chemical, physical, electrochemical, immunochemical, optical, radiometric, calorimetric, protein binding, and microscale mechanisms.

10. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the sensor electronics is configured to use a different filtering algorithm on the sensor data in response to a level of the interferent exceeding a certain threshold.

11. A method for processing data from a sensor system configured for continuous measurement of a glucose concentration in a host, the method comprising:

receiving a first signal, associated with a glucose concentration in a host, from a first sensor, wherein the first sensor has a first sensitivity to an interferent;

receiving a second signal, associated with the glucose concentration in the host, from a second sensor, wherein the second sensor has a second sensitivity to the interferent, wherein the first sensitivity and the second sensitivity are different;

detecting a presence of a level of an interferent; and

determining, using sensor electronics, a glucose concentration value based on at least one of the first signal or the second signal, wherein determining the glucose concentration value comprises;

according a first weight to the first signal and according a second weight to the second signal, wherein a distribution of the first weight and the second weight is determined at least in part by detection of the presence of the level of the interferent; and

integrating the first signal and the second signal.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein detecting presence of the level of the interferent is performed by comparing the first signal with the second signal.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising adjusting the distribution of the first weight and the second weight upon detection of the presence of the interferent.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising applying a first bias potential to the first sensor and a second bias potential to the second sensor, wherein the first bias potential and the second bias potential are different.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the first sensor uses a first glucose measuring mechanism selected from the group consisting of:

enzymatic, chemical, physical, electrochemical, immunochemical, optical, radiometric, calorimetric, protein binding, and microscale mechanisms.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the second sensor uses a second glucose measuring mechanism selected from the group consisting of:

enzymatic, chemical, physical, electrochemical, immunochemical, optical, radiometric, calorimetric, protein binding, and microscale mechanisms.

17. The method of claim 11, further comprising using a different filtering algorithm on the sensor data in response to a level of the interferent exceeding a certain threshold.