Touch sensing
First Claim
1. A device comprising:
- a contact receiving structure having a surface for receiving contact by an input mechanism, the contact receiving structure configured to emit radiation as a consequence of contact with the surface by the input mechanism at a contact point, the contact receiving structure comprising;
a waveguide layer;
a cladding layer positioned on top of a pliable frustrating layer and formed of a material that has a refractive index lower than or equal to the waveguide layer, the cladding layer having films including an anti-glare layer, an infrared filter, and a non-wetting layer, the films bonded together using an optical adhesive, thepliable frustrating layer spaced by a gap from the waveguide layer by a plurality of protrusions of the pliable frustrating layer or waveguide layer and flexible so as to enable the pliable frustrating layer to contact the waveguide layer when the pliable frustrating layer is physically deformed by the input mechanism at the contact point, the pliable frustrating layer being configured to;
cause frustration of radiation propagating within the waveguide by total internal reflection when the pliable frustrating layer is physically deformed to contact the waveguide layer such that some of the radiation escapes from the contact receiving structure;
an imaging waveguide having a radiation receiving surface and an imaging surface different from the radiation receiving surface, wherein the radiation receiving surface comprises an anti-reflection layer, wherein the anti-reflection layer comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index and low refractive index layers and an array of protrusions, each protrusion having a height and width smaller than a wavelength associated with the radiation emitted by the contact receiving surface, the imaging waveguide being configured to;
receive, at the radiation receiving surface, radiation emitted by the contact receiving structure, andtransmit received radiation from a position on the radiation receiving surface to a position and with an angle of incidence onto the imaging surface that are each a function of the position on the radiation receiving surface at which the transmitted radiation was received;
a display device;
an imaging sensor that is optically coupled to the imaging surface of the imaging optical waveguide; and
a processing device configured to determine contact points on the surface of the contact receiving structure based on radiation detected by the imaging sensor.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A touch-screen device includes an imaging waveguide, in which the imaging waveguide has a radiation receiving surface and an imaging surface different than the radiation receiving surface. The imaging waveguide is configured to receive, at the radiation receiving surface, radiation emitted by a contact receiving structure, and transmit the received radiation from a position on the radiation receiving surface to a position and/or angle of incidence on the imaging surface as a function of the position on the radiation receiving surface at which the transmitted radiation was received. An imaging sensor coupled to the imaging surface of the imaging optical waveguide is configured to detect radiation incident upon the imaging surface of the imaging optical waveguide. A processing device coupled to the imaging sensor is configured to determine contact points on the exposed contact surface of a contact receiving structure based on radiation detected by the imaging sensor.
97 Citations
37 Claims
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1. A device comprising:
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a contact receiving structure having a surface for receiving contact by an input mechanism, the contact receiving structure configured to emit radiation as a consequence of contact with the surface by the input mechanism at a contact point, the contact receiving structure comprising; a waveguide layer; a cladding layer positioned on top of a pliable frustrating layer and formed of a material that has a refractive index lower than or equal to the waveguide layer, the cladding layer having films including an anti-glare layer, an infrared filter, and a non-wetting layer, the films bonded together using an optical adhesive, the pliable frustrating layer spaced by a gap from the waveguide layer by a plurality of protrusions of the pliable frustrating layer or waveguide layer and flexible so as to enable the pliable frustrating layer to contact the waveguide layer when the pliable frustrating layer is physically deformed by the input mechanism at the contact point, the pliable frustrating layer being configured to; cause frustration of radiation propagating within the waveguide by total internal reflection when the pliable frustrating layer is physically deformed to contact the waveguide layer such that some of the radiation escapes from the contact receiving structure; an imaging waveguide having a radiation receiving surface and an imaging surface different from the radiation receiving surface, wherein the radiation receiving surface comprises an anti-reflection layer, wherein the anti-reflection layer comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index and low refractive index layers and an array of protrusions, each protrusion having a height and width smaller than a wavelength associated with the radiation emitted by the contact receiving surface, the imaging waveguide being configured to; receive, at the radiation receiving surface, radiation emitted by the contact receiving structure, and transmit received radiation from a position on the radiation receiving surface to a position and with an angle of incidence onto the imaging surface that are each a function of the position on the radiation receiving surface at which the transmitted radiation was received; a display device; an imaging sensor that is optically coupled to the imaging surface of the imaging optical waveguide; and a processing device configured to determine contact points on the surface of the contact receiving structure based on radiation detected by the imaging sensor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. A device comprising:
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a contact receiving structure having a surface for receiving contact by an input mechanism, the contact receiving structure configured to emit radiation as a consequence of contact with the surface by the input mechanism at a contact point, the contact receiving structure comprising; a waveguide layer; a cladding layer positioned on top of a pliable frustrating layer and formed of a material that has a refractive index lower than or equal to the waveguide layer, the cladding layer having films including an anti-glare layer, an infrared filter, and a non-wetting layer, the films bonded together using an optical adhesive, the pliable frustrating layer spaced by a gap from the waveguide layer by a plurality of protrusions of the pliable frustrating layer or waveguide layer and flexible so as to enable the pliable frustrating layer to contact the waveguide layer when the pliable frustrating layer is physically deformed by the input mechanism at the contact point, the pliable frustrating layer being configured to; cause frustration of radiation propagating within the waveguide by total internal reflection when the pliable frustrating layer is physically deformed to contact the waveguide layer such that some of the radiation escapes from the contact receiving structure; a radiation steering structure, having a radiation receiving surface, wherein the radiation receiving surface comprises an anti-reflection layer, wherein the anti-reflection layer comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index and low refractive index layers and an array of protrusions each protrusion having a height and width smaller than a wavelength associated with the radiation emitted by the contact receiving surface, the imaging waveguide being configured to; receive the emitted radiation from the contact receiving structure at a first position and re-direct the received radiation at an angle that is a function of the first re-direct the received radiation at an angle that is a function of the first position, and a display device. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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37. A device comprising:
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a contact receiving structure having a surface for receiving contact by an input mechanism, the contact receiving structure configured to emit radiation as a consequence of contact with the surface by the input mechanism at a contact point, the contact receiving structure comprising; a pliable waveguide layer; a cladding layer positioned on top of the pliable waveguide layer and formed of a material that has a refractive index lower than or equal to the pliable waveguide layer, the cladding layer having films including an anti-glare layer, an infrared filter, and a non-wetting layer, the films bonded together using an optical adhesive; a frustrating layer spaced by a gap from the waveguide layer by a plurality of protrusions of the pliable frustrating layer or waveguide layer and flexible so as to enable the frustrating layer to contact the pliable waveguide layer when the pliable waveguide layer is physically deformed by the input mechanism at the contact point, the frustrating layer being configured to; cause frustration of radiation propagating within the pliable waveguide by total internal reflection when the pliable frustrating layer is physically deformed to contact the waveguide layer, such that some of the radiation escapes from the contact receiving structure; a radiation steering structure, having a radiation receiving surface, wherein the radiation receiving surface comprises an anti-reflection layer, wherein the anti-reflection layer comprises a plurality of alternating high refractive index and low refractive index layers and an array of protrusions, each protrusion having a height and width smaller than a wavelength associated with the radiation emitted by the contact receiving surface, and being configured to; receive the emitted radiation from the contact receiving structure at a first position and re-direct the received radiation at an angle that is a function of the first position, and a display device.
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Specification