Tissue oximetry apparatus and method
First Claim
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1. An apparatus for measuring oxygenation comprising:
- a sensor interface having a surface and including at least one emitter on the surface, the emitter configured to emit light of at least two wavelengths into tissue proximate the surface, and including at least two detectors including a first detector and a second detector, wherein the first detector is configured to generate a first output signal corresponding to detected light of the at least two wavelengths passing through the tissue along a first plurality of paths and wherein the second detector is configured to generate a second output signal corresponding to detected light of the at least two wavelengths passing through the tissue along a second plurality of paths, wherein at least one path is configured to provide a depth of penetration of a light path that travels in a selected region of the tissue;
a storage device within the sensor interface for retaining information corresponding to calibration, the retained information based on the emitter and detectors configuration and based on the at least two wavelengths, wherein the retained information is determined by a distance between the at least one emitter and a detector; and
a processor configured to determine oxygenation corresponding to oxygenated venous blood at the selected region of the tissue, the oxygenation determined based on the first output signal, the second output signal, and the retained information, wherein the oxygenation is determined based on a difference of light attenuations at each wavelength of the at least two wavelengths.
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Abstract
An apparatus and method for determining tissue oxygenation such as arterial and venous oxygenation and cerebral oxygenation. In one embodiment, the optical properties of tissue are determined using measured light attenuations at a set of wavelengths. By choosing distinct wavelengths and using light attenuation information, the influence of variables such as light scattering, absorption and other optical tissue properties can be minimized.
134 Citations
24 Claims
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1. An apparatus for measuring oxygenation comprising:
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a sensor interface having a surface and including at least one emitter on the surface, the emitter configured to emit light of at least two wavelengths into tissue proximate the surface, and including at least two detectors including a first detector and a second detector, wherein the first detector is configured to generate a first output signal corresponding to detected light of the at least two wavelengths passing through the tissue along a first plurality of paths and wherein the second detector is configured to generate a second output signal corresponding to detected light of the at least two wavelengths passing through the tissue along a second plurality of paths, wherein at least one path is configured to provide a depth of penetration of a light path that travels in a selected region of the tissue; a storage device within the sensor interface for retaining information corresponding to calibration, the retained information based on the emitter and detectors configuration and based on the at least two wavelengths, wherein the retained information is determined by a distance between the at least one emitter and a detector; and a processor configured to determine oxygenation corresponding to oxygenated venous blood at the selected region of the tissue, the oxygenation determined based on the first output signal, the second output signal, and the retained information, wherein the oxygenation is determined based on a difference of light attenuations at each wavelength of the at least two wavelengths. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. An apparatus for measuring oxygenation comprising:
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a sensor interface having a surface and including at least one emitter on the surface, the emitter configured to emit light of at least two wavelengths into tissue proximate the surface, and including at least two detectors including a first detector and a second detector, wherein the first detector is configured to generate a first output signal corresponding to detected light of the at least two wavelengths passing through the tissue along a first plurality of light paths and wherein the second detector is configured to generate a second output signal corresponding to detected light of the at least two wavelengths passing through the tissue along a second plurality of light paths, wherein at least one light path is configured to provide a depth of penetration of a light path that travels in a selected region of the tissue; coding hardware configured to store sensor interface information, the sensor interface information based on the emitter and detectors configuration and based on the at least two wavelengths, wherein the sensor interface information is determined by a distance between the at least one emitter and a detector; and a processor coupled to the sensor interface and coupled to the coding hardware, the processor configured to determine oxygenation corresponding to oxygenated venous blood at the selected region of the tissue, the oxygenation determined based on the sensor interface information, the first output signal, the second output signal, a difference of light attenuations at each wavelength of the at least two wavelengths, and a model-based calculation, the model-based calculation corresponding to decreased scattering as a function of wavelength. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of determining tissue oxygenation comprising:
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positioning at least one emitter and a plurality of detectors on a surface of a sensor interface, the at least one emitter configured to emit light having a plurality of wavelengths into tissue proximate the surface and each of the plurality of detectors configured to provide an output signal corresponding to light detected by the detector, wherein at least one detector is configured to provide an output signal corresponding to a light path through a selected region of the tissue, the selected region corresponding to a depth of penetration and the depth of penetration corresponding to a distance between the emitter and the plurality of detectors; coupling coding hardware to the sensor interface, the coding hardware configured to store sensor interface information, the sensor interface information based on the emitter and detectors configuration and based on the at least two wavelengths, wherein the sensor interface information is determined by a distance between the at least one emitter and a detector; and configuring a processor to calculate oxygenation corresponding to oxygenated venous blood at the selected region of the tissue, the oxygenation determined based on the sensor interface information, the output signals, a difference of light attenuations at each wavelength of the at least two wavelengths, and a model-based calculation, the model-based calculation corresponding to decreased scattering as a function of wavelength. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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Specification