Systems, methods, and apparatus related to electric vehicle wired and wireless charging

• US 9,381,821 B2
• Filed: 01/15/2014
• Issued: 07/05/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: WiTricity Corporation
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Keeling, Nicholas Athol, Kissin, Michael Le Gallais, Beaver, Jonathan, Huang, Chang-Yu
• Primary Examiner(s): Do, Thuan
• Application Number:
  US14/156,306
• Publication Number:
  US 20140340027A1
• Time in Patent Office: 902 Days
• Field of Search: 320/108
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/147 electro magnetic [EMI]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/18 Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks for adjustment of voltage H02J3/16
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/00 Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/30 Reactive power compensation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

One aspect provides an apparatus configured to receive wireless charging power and wired charging power. The apparatus includes a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output. The apparatus further includes a second rectifier configured to receive wireless charging power and to provide a second rectified output. The apparatus further includes a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first and second rectified outputs, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output. The apparatus further includes an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output and to provide an isolated DC output. The apparatus further includes and a battery configured to receive the isolated DC output.

Claims

1. An apparatus configured to receive wireless charging power and wired charging power, comprising:

a battery;

a wireless connection configured to receive wireless charging power, and to charge the battery along a wireless charging path;

a wired connection configured to receive wired charging power, and to charge the battery along a wired charging path,

wherein the wired charging path and the wireless charging path comprise one or more shared components in a combined charging path comprising a rectifier.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output and to provide an isolated DC output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, to receive the isolated output, and to provide a second rectified output to the battery.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a parallel tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output; and

an output filter configured to filter the second rectified output and to provide a filtered output;

the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the filtered output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the battery.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output;

the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the second rectified output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the battery.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a parallel and partial series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

the combined charging path further comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power through the wired connection, to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a first rectified output;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the second rectified output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the batter.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output; and

a wave-shaping controller configured to shape the second rectified output and to provide a wave-shaped output;

the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the battery.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a parallel tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output;

the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a dual-mode power-factor correction (PFC) and wave-shaping module configured to receive the first rectified output and the second rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the battery.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output;

the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output and the second rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the battery.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a rectifier configured to receive wired charging power from the wired connection, to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a first rectified output;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the battery.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a parallel and partial series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a rectifier configured to receive wired charging power from the wired connection, to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a first rectified output;

a dual-mode power-factor correction (PFC) and wave-shaping module configured to receive the first rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the battery.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the first rectified output, and to provide an isolated DC output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a second rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, to receive the isolated DC output, and to provide a second rectified output; and

a current-source power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the second rectified output, and further configured to provide a current-source output to the battery.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wireless charging power comprises a modulated amplitude.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising one or more of:

a parallel tuning circuit configured to tune the coil, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter configured to filter the wired charging power, a bulk capacitance configured to filter a power-factor corrected output, and an output filter configured to filter a rectified output.

14. An apparatus for receiving wireless charging power and wired charging power, comprising:

means for storing charging power;

means for receiving wireless charging power, to be stored in the means for storing charging power, along a wireless charging path;

means for receiving wired charging power, to be stored in the means for storing charging power, along a wired charging path;

wherein the wired charging path and the wireless charging path comprise one or more shared components in a combined charging path comprising a rectifier.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

means for receiving wired charging power along the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output and to provide an isolated DC output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, to receive the isolated output, and to provide a second rectified output to the means for storing charging power.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a parallel tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output; and

an output filter configured to filter the second rectified output and to provide a filtered output;

means for receiving wired charging power along the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the filtered output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the means for storing charging power.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output;

means for receiving wired charging power along the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the second rectified output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the means for storing charging power.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a parallel and partial series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

the combined charging path further comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power through a wired connection, to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a first rectified output;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the second rectified output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the batter.

19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output; and

a wave-shaping controller configured to shape the second rectified output and to provide a wave-shaped output;

means for receiving wired charging power along the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output from the electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and rectifier, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the means for storing charging power.

20. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a parallel tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output;

means for receiving wired charging power along the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a dual-mode power-factor correction (PFC) and wave-shaping module configured to receive the first rectified output and the second rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the means for storing charging power.

21. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power;

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

a decoupling rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a second rectified output;

means for receiving wired charging power along the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output and the second rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output;

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the means for storing charging power.

22. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a rectifier configured to receive wired charging power from a wired connection, to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a first rectified output;

a power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the first rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the means for storing charging power.

23. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a parallel and partial series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a rectifier configured to receive wired charging power from a wired connection, to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, and to provide a first rectified output;

a dual-mode power-factor correction (PFC) and wave-shaping module configured to receive the first rectified output, and further configured to provide a power-factor corrected output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the power-factor corrected output, to receive the wave-shaped output, and to provide an isolated DC output to the means for storing charging power.

24. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein:

means for receiving wireless charging power along the wireless charging path comprises;

a coil configured to receive wireless charging power; and

a series tuning circuit configured to tune the coil;

means for receiving wired charging power along the wired charging path comprises;

a first rectifier configured to receive wired charging power and to provide a first rectified output; and

an isolated DC-DC converter configured to receive the first rectified output, and to provide an isolated DC output; and

the combined charging path further comprises;

a second rectifier configured to receive the wireless charging power from the coil, to receive the isolated DC output, and to provide a second rectified output; and

a current-source power-factor correction (PFC) module configured to receive the second rectified output, and further configured to provide a current-source output to the means for storing charging power.

25. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the wireless charging power comprises a modulated amplitude.

26. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising one or more of:

a parallel tuning circuit configured to tune the coil, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter configured to filter the wired charging power, a bulk capacitance configured to filter a power-factor corrected output, and an output filter configured to filter a rectified output.