System and method to change a contact point of the muscular-skeletal system

• US 9,408,557 B2
• Filed: 09/13/2013
• Issued: 08/09/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/18/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Howmedica Osteonics Corp. (Stryker Corporation)
• Original Assignee: OrthoSensor, Inc (Stryker Corporation)
• Inventors: Stein, Marc, Roche, Martin
• Primary Examiner(s): HINDENBURG, MAX F
• Application Number:
  US14/027,099
• Publication Number:
  US 20140276240A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,061 Days
• Field of Search: 600/437, 600/587, 623/18.11, 606/102
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/154 for preparing bone for knee prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/157 Cutting tibia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1764 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/104 Modelling the effect of the tool, e.g. the effect of an implanted prosthesis or for predicting the effect of ablation or burring
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/25 User interfaces for surgical systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/103 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes A61B5/08 takes precedence; measuring aids for tailors A41H1/00; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C19/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1036 Measuring load distribution, e.g. podologic studies
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1072 measuring distances on the body, e.g. measuring length, height or thickness A61B5/1076 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1121 Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/45 For evaluating or diagnosing the musculoskeletal system or teeth A61B5/1036, A61B5/1074, A61B7/006 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4528 Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4571 Evaluating the hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4585 Evaluating the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4851 Prosthesis assessment or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4887 Locating particular structures in or on the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/686 : Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/37 : Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 : for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3836 : Special connection between upper and lower leg, e.g. constrained
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/461 : of knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 : Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4684 : Trial or dummy prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4658 : for measuring dimensions, e.g. length
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4668 : for measuring angles
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0481 : based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance

Abstract

A system and method for adjusting a contact point of a joint is disclosed. The system comprises a prosthetic component having sensors therein and a remote system to receive and display sensor data. A plurality of sensors of the prosthetic component provide data related to load magnitude and position of load applied to a surface of the prosthetic component. The prosthetic component further includes one or sensors that provide position, rotation, and tilt data. Adjustment of the contact point of the prosthetic component can be performed by repositioning the prosthetic component relative to a bone to which it is coupled. For example, a prosthetic component can be pinned to the bone allowing rotation of the prosthetic component relative to the bone in-situ. A remote system receives sensor data from the prosthetic component allowing viewing of the load magnitude, position of load, and rotation of the prosthetic component.

Claims

1. A method of changing a contact point of a joint in the muscular-skeletal system using quantitative measurements comprising the steps of:

placing a sensored prosthetic component in the joint wherein the sensored prosthetic component has an articular surface and wherein a plurality of load sensors couple to the articular surface;

measuring a load magnitude with each of the plurality of load sensors applied by the muscular-skeletal system to the articular surface wherein the sensored prosthetic component includes electronic circuitry coupled to the load plurality of sensors, an inertial sensor, and a power source and wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to control a measurement process;

measuring a reference position of the sensored prosthetic component relative to a bone wherein the sensored prosthetic component is coupled to the bone and wherein the inertial sensor is configured to measure the reference position;

transmitting measurement data from the sensored prosthetic component to a processor wherein the measurement data is stored in memory coupled to the processor wherein the processor is configured to calculate a contact point from the measurement data;

displaying the articular surface of the sensored prosthetic component on a display coupled to the processor wherein the display indicates the contact point on the articular surface; and

repositioning the sensored prosthetic component from the reference position relative to the bone; and

displaying movement of the contact point on the display in real-time as the sensored prosthetic component is repositioned wherein the inertial sensor is configured to measure the movement from the reference position.

2. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of:

rotating the sensored prosthetic component to change the contact point location; and

displaying movement of the contact point as the sensored prosthetic component is rotated wherein the contact point is moved to a final contact point location.

3. The method of claim 2 further including the steps of:

measuring rotation of the sensored prosthetic component from the reference position with the inertial sensor; and

displaying a rotation value of the sensored prosthetic component on the display.

4. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of:

displaying a predetermined area range on the display;

repositioning the sensored prosthetic component from the reference position relative to the bone;

displaying movement of the contact point on the display as the sensored prosthetic component is moved from the reference position wherein movement of the contact point is stopped when the contact point is within the predetermined area range on the display; and

fixing a position of the sensored prosthetic component to the bone.

5. The method of claim 1 further including a step of pinning at least one of the prosthetic components of the joint to the bone wherein pinning supports repositioning of the sensored prosthetic component.

6. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of:

positioning a leg in extension where the sensored prosthetic component is an insert and where the joint is a knee joint;

transmitting measurement data from the insert;

zeroing the insert at the reference position wherein a tibial prosthetic component of the knee joint couples to a tibia, wherein the insert couples to the tibial prosthetic component;

displaying the contact point on the articular surface of the insert on the display; and

displaying a rotation value of zero on the display when in the reference position.

7. The method of claim 6 further including the steps of:

aligning the tibial prosthetic component to the tibia; and

pinning the tibial prosthetic component to the tibia wherein the tibial prosthetic component is configured to rotate.

8. The method of claim 6 further including the steps of:

rotating the tibial prosthetic component;

displaying the movement of the contact point in real-time on the display as the tibial prosthetic component is rotated;

measuring the rotation of the tibial prosthetic component wherein the rotation is measured with an inertial sensor in the insert; and

displaying a rotation value of the insert or tibial prosthetic component.

9. A method of changing a contact point of a joint in the muscular-skeletal system using quantitative measurements comprising the steps of:

placing a sensored prosthetic component in a joint wherein the sensored prosthetic component is coupled to a bone, wherein the sensored prosthetic component houses electronic circuitry coupled to a plurality of load sensors, a power source, and an inertial sensor, wherein the plurality of load sensors couple to a surface of the sensored prosthetic component, and wherein the sensored prosthetic component is configured to be placed in a reference position in relation to the bone;

transmitting measurement data from the sensored prosthetic component to a processor wherein the measurement data is stored in memory coupled to the processor;

displaying a surface of the sensored prosthetic component on a display coupled to the processor where the processor calculates a contact point of applied load to the surface from the measurement data and wherein a rotation value is displayed corresponding to the reference position;

rotating the sensored prosthetic component in relation to the bone;

displaying movement of the contact point on the display as the sensored prosthetic component is rotated;

measuring the rotation value with the inertial sensor; and

displaying the rotation value in relation to the reference position on the display.

10. The method of claim 9 further including a step of zeroing the rotation value at the reference position wherein a zero rotation value at the reference position is stored in memory coupled to the processor.

11. The method of claim 9 further including the steps of:

displaying a predetermined area range on the display;

rotating the sensored prosthetic component from the reference position relative to the bone;

displaying movement of the contact point on the display as the sensored prosthetic component is moved from the reference position wherein movement of the contact point is stopped when the contact point is within the predetermined area range on the display; and

fixing a position of the sensored prosthetic component to the bone.

12. The method of claim 10 further including the steps of:

aligning the sensored prosthetic component to the bone; and

pinning at least one prosthetic component to the bone wherein pinning supports movement of the sensored prosthetic component.

13. The method of claim 9 further including the steps of:

positioning a leg in extension where the sensored prosthetic component is an insert and where the joint is a knee joint;

transmitting measurement data from the insert;

zeroing the insert at the reference position wherein a tibial prosthetic component of the knee joint couples to a tibia, wherein the insert couples to the tibial prosthetic component;

displaying the contact point on the articular surface of the insert on the display; and

displaying a rotation value of zero on the display when in the reference position.

14. The method of claim 13 further including the steps of:

aligning the tibial prosthetic component to the tibia; and

pinning the tibial prosthetic component to the tibia wherein the tibial prosthetic component is configured to rotate.

15. The method of claim 13 further including the steps of:

rotating the tibial prosthetic component;

displaying the movement of the contact point in real-time on the display as the tibial prosthetic component is rotated;

measuring the rotation of the tibial prosthetic component wherein the rotation is measured with an inertial sensor in the insert; and

displaying a rotation value of the insert.

16. The method of claim 15 further including a step of fixing the tibial prosthetic component to the bone.

17. The method of claim 15 further including a step of calculating alignment of a leg including the rotation value.

18. The method of claim 15 further including a step of measuring alignment of a leg after rotation of the insert to change the contact point.

19. A system for adjusting a contact point of a muscular-skeletal joint comprising:

a tibial prosthetic component configured to rotate after being coupled to a tibia;

an insert configured to couple to the tibial prosthetic component wherein a plurality of load sensor couple to a surface of the insert, wherein the insert includes electronic circuitry coupled to the load plurality of sensors, an inertial sensor, and a power source, wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to control a measurement process and transmit measurement data and wherein a reference position is established between the tibial prosthetic component or insert to the tibia;

a processor configured to receive measurement data from the insert; and

a display coupled to the processor wherein the display is configured to display the surface of the insert, wherein the display is configured to display a contact point corresponding to an applied load to the surface, wherein movement of the contact point due to rotation of the tibial prosthetic component is displayed in real-time, wherein the inertial sensor is configured to measure a rotation value of the tibial prosthetic component, and wherein the rotation value is displayed on the display.

20. The system of claim 19 wherein the reference position corresponds to a rotation value of zero and wherein the display displays a value of zero when the tibial prosthetic component or insert are aligned to the tibia in the reference position.