Stepped waveguide autostereoscopic display apparatus with a reflective directional element
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A display apparatus comprising:
- a light directing device comprising;
a waveguide extending between an input end for receiving input light and a reflective end for reflecting the input light back through the waveguide, the waveguide having first and second, opposed guide surfaces for guiding light forwards and back along the waveguide, wherein the second guide surface has a plurality of light extraction features facing the reflective end and inclined to reflect the light guided back through the waveguide from the reflective end in directions allowing exit through the first guide surface, the light extraction features being arranged to direct input light from different input positions across the input end in directions that are dependent on said input position; and
a reflective element arranged to reflect the light exiting the first guide surface back through the waveguide to exit through the second guide surface;
an array of light sources at different positions across the input end of the waveguide;
a control system arranged to selectively operate the light sources so that the light extraction features direct the input light from a selectively operated light source into a corresponding one of a plurality of viewing windows having different positions; and
a transmissive spatial light modulator extending across the second guide surface of the waveguide for modulating the light exiting therethrough.
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Abstract
An autostereoscopic display apparatus may include a stepped waveguide, optical elements, and one or more reflective imaging and/or directional elements. These elements may be arranged to return light from the stepped waveguide into an array of viewing windows. Such elements can be used to achieve observer tracking autostereoscopic display for landscape and portrait modes of operation. System thickness and cost may be reduced and system brightness can be increased or low operating power modes may be achieved.
122 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A display apparatus comprising:
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a light directing device comprising; a waveguide extending between an input end for receiving input light and a reflective end for reflecting the input light back through the waveguide, the waveguide having first and second, opposed guide surfaces for guiding light forwards and back along the waveguide, wherein the second guide surface has a plurality of light extraction features facing the reflective end and inclined to reflect the light guided back through the waveguide from the reflective end in directions allowing exit through the first guide surface, the light extraction features being arranged to direct input light from different input positions across the input end in directions that are dependent on said input position; and a reflective element arranged to reflect the light exiting the first guide surface back through the waveguide to exit through the second guide surface; an array of light sources at different positions across the input end of the waveguide; a control system arranged to selectively operate the light sources so that the light extraction features direct the input light from a selectively operated light source into a corresponding one of a plurality of viewing windows having different positions; and a transmissive spatial light modulator extending across the second guide surface of the waveguide for modulating the light exiting therethrough. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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10. An autostereoscopic display apparatus, comprising:
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a display apparatus comprising; a light directing device comprising; a waveguide extending between an input end for receiving input light and a reflective end for reflecting the input light back through the waveguide, the waveguide having first and second, opposed guide surfaces for guiding light forwards and back along the waveguide, wherein the second guide surface has a plurality of light extraction features facing the reflective end and inclined to reflect the light guided back through the waveguide from the reflective end in directions allowing exit through the first guide surface, the light extraction features being arranged to direct input light from different input positions across the input end in directions that are dependent on said input position; and a reflective element arranged to reflect the light exiting the first guide surface back through the waveguide to exit through the second guide surface; and an array of light sources at different positions across the input end of the waveguide; and a control system arranged to selectively operate the light sources to direct light into a selectable one of a plurality of viewing windows having different positions; a transmissive spatial light modulator extending across the second guide surface of the waveguide for modulating the light exiting therethrough, wherein the spatial light modulator comprises an array of pixels arranged in an aperture with a shape having two perpendicular axes of mirror symmetry, the viewing windows extending at an angle in a range from 25 to 65 degrees relative to one of said axes of the shape of the aperture; a sensor system arranged to detect the position of an observer relative to the display device and to detect the orientation of the view of the observer, wherein the control system is arranged to control the spatial light modulator to display temporally multiplexed left and right eye images and synchronously to operate the light sources so that the light extraction features direct the input light from the operated light sources into corresponding viewing windows in positions corresponding to the left and right eyes of an observer, in dependence on the detected position of the observer and in dependence on the detected orientation of the view; further wherein the waveguide is oriented with respect to the spatial light modulator with the optical axis of the waveguide extending parallel or perpendicular to said axis of the shape of the aperture, and said reflective element is arranged to rotate the viewing windows around the normal to the spatial light modulator. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13)
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Specification